Index 1967 war, 11, 19n2, 33, 68–9, 72 Blair, T., 34, 42n15 1967 Six-Day War, see 1967 war border assistance mission, see EUBAM 1980 Venice Declaration, 69 Rafah bordering practices/mechanisms, Abbas, M., 33, 142, 150n18 88–101, 111, 181–8 administrative areas, 7, 12, 29, 51, 61n8 and Israel’s role, 19, 49–58, 122 Agreement on Conformity Assessment borderland(s) and Acceptance (ACAA), 9, 60n1, approach/perspective, 4–10, 13–16, 67, 70, 73–7 48–9 Agreement on Movement and Access borders and, 4–6, 81 (AMA), 33, 35, 138 definition of, 3, 6 Allenby Bridge, 54–6, 62n20, 137 EU borderlands, 9, 48, 67 see also Allenby terminal governance of, 9, 174 Allenby terminal, 56, 62n20 interlinkage in, 13–16, 81 Arafat, Y., 30, 31, 33 Israel as, 17, 49–58 Area A, 7, 29, 38, 39, 41n5, 41n6, 50, Israel-Palestine and the EU, 6–10 61n8, 114, 115, 135, 137, 144, nature of, 6, 18–19, 184 150n15 in Palestinian territories, 29–30 see also administrative areas; Oslo power and interdependence in, Accords; Israel-Palestine; 13–16, 40 Palestinian Authority (PA); West social construction of, 184–7 Bank see also borders; Israel-Palestine; Area B, 7, 29, 38, 39, 41n6, 114, 135 Israeli-Palestinian-EU triangle see also administrative areas; borders, 3, 5, 8, 18, 107, 118, 124n4, Israel-Palestine; Oslo Accords; 130, 134, 136, 146, 158, 184 Palestinian Authority (PA); West 1967, see Green Line Bank closed or open, 6, 27, 33, 50, 111, 185 Area C, 7, 29, 39, 41n6, 114, 135, 136, definition of, 3–6 142, 151n31, 171 disaggregation of, 3–5, 7, 15 see also administrative areas; economic, 16–17, 98–9, 101, 111, Israel-Palestine; Oslo Accords; 124n5 Palestinian Authority (PA); West external, 3, 5, 7–8, 30, 50, 59, 137–9 Bank functional, 3, 5, 6, 7–9, 39, 67, 70, Ashton, C., 34, 100, 129 81 Ayalon, A., 40 fuzzy, 4, 8, 13, 108, 111, 122 and ICT infrastructures, Balfour Declaration, 161 see information and Barak, E., 38 communication technologies Barcelona Process, see Euro- (ICTs) Mediterranean Partnership (EMP) as institutions, 5–6, 27, 99–102, Ben-Ami, S., 7, 12, 39, 147 130, 140 Ben Gurion Airport, 54–6, 58 legal, see legal borders in Israel- Berger, C., 143 Palestine 191 192 Index borders – Continued Israeli, 50, 132, 134, 136, 137 normative, 155–6, 165, 172, 173, Jordanian, 52, 53 175 see also Law of Return of 1950 political and functional, 7, 9 Civil Administration, see IDF and power relations/dynamics, 4, Commission (of the European 6–7, 9, 13–16, 36–40, 49, 59–60, Communities/Union), see 68–70, 81–2, 122–3, 147–8, European Union (EU), European 155–6, 172–5 Commission regime between EU and Israel, Commission Regulation No 4129/86, 49–51 78 regulations between Israel and Council of the European Union, see Palestine, 51–4 European Union (EU), Council of rules for EU citizens crossing Israel- the European Union Palestine, 54–9 Council Regulation No. 3363/86, and security, 7–10, 12–16, 27–33, 69–70, 82n7 35–40, 41n4, 50, 52–3, 57–8, courts 61n8, 112, 114, 116, 119, 130, European Court of Justice (ECJ), 92, 133, 135, 138, 144–7, 163, 172 166–70, 173, 185 High Court of Justice in Israel/ social construction of, 6, 19, 60, Supreme Court in Israel, 182, 184–8 62n21, 69, 131, 136, 149n11, state borders, see external borders 149n14 technological, see information and International Court of Justice (ICJ), communication technologies 102n8, 164 (ICTs) Israeli labour, 149n14 territorial, 39, 67, 70, 81–2, 122 military, 130, 133, 135, 144, territorial or physical, 5, 68–70, 149n14 137–9 Palestinian local, 135 see also Allenby Bridge; Allenby Covenant on Civil and Political terminal; Area A; Area B; Rights, 57, 131, 164 Area C; Ben Gurion Airport; see also International law borderlands; Green Line; Israel- Covenant on Economic, Social and Palestine; Israeli-Palestinian-EU Cultural Rights, 131, 164, 171 triangle; Rafah border crossing see also International law boundaries, see borders customs envelope/partial customs boycott, of the Hamas-led union (between Israel and the government, 10, 37, 141, 145 Palestinian territories), 7, 72, Brita case/ruling, 77, 78, 92, 97, 83n10 100–1, 172 Bush, George W., 32 Declaration of Principles (DoP), see Oslo Accords cellular communication, 107, 110, De Gucht, K., 89 113–16, 118, 122 see also information and East Jerusalem, 7, 11, 19n10, 50–5, communication technologies 58–9, 62n20, 68–9, 72–4, 76, (ICTs) 82n1, 82n6, 87, 91, 96, 108, 1130, citizenship 132–5, 137, 142, 171 dual, 50, 57 see also Palestinian Territories/ EU, 49–50 Palestinians Index 193 EC-Israel Association Agreement, 8–9, Euro-Mediterranean Interim 31, 70–3, 76, 79, 87, 89, 92–3, Association Agreement between 99–100, 150n23, 167–8, 172, 174 the EU and the PA, see EC-PLO see also EU-Israel trade relations Interim Association Agreement Egypt, 33–5, 51, 53–4, 56, 59, 117, Euro-Mediterranean Partnership 135, 137–8, 150n17, 150n18, 183 (EMP), 12, 89–90, 139, 165, 166 EUBAM Rafah, 28, 33–7, 39, 40, EuroMed projects, 117–19 42n17, 54, 56, 138, 150n18, 169 European Council, see European see also Rafah border crossing Union (EU), Council of the EU guidelines (on grants and European Union prices), see guidelines on the European Court of Justice (ECJ), see eligibility of Israeli entities and European Union (EU), European their activities in the territories Court of Justice (ECJ) (EU guidelines) European External Action Service EU-Israel Association Agreement (EEAS), see European Union (EU), (AA), see EC-Israel Association European External Action Service Agreement (EEAS) EU-Israel Action Plan, 74, 80, 83n14 European Neighbourhood Policy see also European Neighbourhood (ENP), 8, 9, 119, 140, 165, 166, Policy (ENP) 167, 170 EU-Israel trade relations European Parliament, see European ACCA, see Agreement on Union (EU), European Conformity Assessment and Parliament Acceptance (ACAA) European Union (EU) EC-Israel Association Agreement, bilateral ties with Israel, 8–9, 48, 79, 87, 89, 92–3, 99, 100 69–73 implications of the territorial scope and boycotting of the Hamas-led of agreements, 75–80 government, 10, 37, 141, 145 and Israeli settlements, 30, 32, 50–1, Council of the European Union, 28, 67–70, 72–7, 79, 81, 87, 89–91, 30, 36, 42n18, 69, 80, 82n7, 93–6, 98–101, 119, 136, 148, 100, 170 151n31, 163, 171, 174 democracy promotion, 139–41 issues in, 70–1 European Commission, 32, 53, labelling rules, 87, 90, 96–7, 99–100 72–73, 76–78, 87, 89, 92, 97, Olmert Arrangement/technical 143, 151n29, 170 arrangement between EU and European Court of Justice (ECJ), 79, Israel, 75–6, 78, 89–90, 94, 96–7 92, 100, 172 rules of origin of EU-Israel European External Action Service Association Agreement, 8–9, (EEAS), 95, 102n11 31, 70–3, 76, 79, 88–101, 150, European Parliament, 9, 31, 60n1, 167–8, 172, 174 73, 74, 76, 80, 90 territorial scope of, 67–8, 70–5 and free-trade agreement with upgrade of, 9, 19n5, 48, 60n1, 169 Israel, 8–9, 12, 71–5, see also EUPOL COPPS, 10, 29, 36–7,169 EU-Israel trade relations challenges faced by, 37–8 foreign policy, custom rules as implications on Israeli- instruments, 89 Palestinian-EU relationship, funding for Palestinian territories, 38–40 10, 141–3 mission and objectives of, 36–7 and ICT, 111, 116–20 194 Index European Union (EU) – Continued Gaza impact of global law and IHR, administrative areas, 29, 41n5, 41n6 165–72 (economic) blockade of, 34, 138, and import regime for goods, 150n18, 151n31 69–75 and EU funds, 10, 141–3 and ‘normative power’, 14, 17, Hamas takeover of, 10, 34–5, 43n22 20n11, 60, 98–9, 101, 167, 174 Israel’s control over, 11, 29–32, -Israeli border regime, 49–51 51–4, 61n10, 119, 137–9 -Israeli-Palestinian border regimes, Palestinians, 10, 51, 53, 54, 59, 51–8 61n10 -Israel trade relations, see EU-Israel see also EU-Israel trade relations; trade relations Gaza War; Israel-Palestine; Lisbon Treaty (2009), 74, 167 Palestinian Territories/ -Palestinian security and police Palestinians; Rafah border cooperation, 28–39 crossing and Palestinian state building, 27, Gaza War, 19n5, 48, 51, 60n1, 61n9, 31, 37, 39, 144–6 173 -Palestinian trade relations, 10, globalisation, 4, 8, 108, 111–12, 123 78–80, 92, 120, 150n23 global law, 156, 161, 163–70, 173–5 Commission Regulation No factors underpinning autonomy of, 4129/86, 78 157–8 Council Regulation No. 3363/86, legal regimes of, 158–9 69–70, 82n7 see also International law EC-PLO Interim Association global legal order, 18, 155–6 Agreement, 77–9, 81, 92–3, and integration of Israel and the 97, 117, 168 Palestinian territories, 161–5 relationship with Palestinian see also International law territories, 10, 28–31, 69–71, Golan Heights, 68, 72, 74, 76, 82n1, 111, 119–20 82n3, 82n6, 86–7, 90, 91, 93, 95, and rules of origin, see rules of 98 origin (ROO) Green Line, 7, 19n1, 19n2, 27, 31, support for judicial reform in 42n13, 50–4, 72, 81, 86, 89, 91, Palestinian territories, 139, 94, 98, 164, 181–2, 188 141–3 guidelines on EU grants and prizes, variable border geometry, 8 see guidelines on the eligibility of see also EUBAM Rafah; EUPOL Israeli entities and their activities COPPS; PEGASE; Temporary in the territories (EU Guidelines) International Mechanism (TIM) guidelines on the eligibility of Israeli entities and their activities in the Fatah, 10, 43n22, 141–2, 145, 146 territories (EU Guidelines), 80, Fayyad plan, see Palestinian National 84n24, 87, 92, 100, 102n3, 148, Development Plan 148n3, 151n31, 172 Fayyad, S., 37–8, 141 Fourth Geneva Convention, 69, 75, Hadara, 114 131, 148n3, 148n4 see also information and see also International law communication technologies frontiers, see borders (ICTs); PALTEL Hague Regulations,