! ! ! 5-YEAR EVALUATION OF THE CENTRAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE FUND COUNTRY STUDY: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO ! ! ! On Behalf of OCHA ! ! ! ! ! ! 11 August 2011 Authors: Marie Spaak Augustin Ngendakuriyo ! ! CERF 5-Year Evaluation DRC Country Report ! ! ! This%document%has%been%prepared%by%Channel%Research%as%part%of%the%58Year%Evaluation%of%the% CERF,%commissioned%by%OCHA.%% % This%document%is%public%and%can%be%disseminated.% % Please%address%all%correspondence%to:% % Cecile%Collin,% E8mail:%[email protected]% Tel:%+32%2%633%6529% Fax:%+32%2%633%3092% ! ! ! ! UN!General!Assembly!Resolution!60/124!sets!the!objective!of!the!upgraded!CERF “to ensure a more predictable and timely response to humanitarian emergencies, with the objectives of promoting early action and response to reduce loss of life, enhancing response to time-critical requirements and strengthening core elements of humanitarian response in underfunded crises, based on demonstrable needs and on priorities identified in consultation with the affected State as appropriate” ! Route!des!Marnières!45B,!1380!Ohain,!!Belgium! Tel!+32!2!633!65!29!Fax!+32!2!633!30!92! [email protected]! VAT!No!864!560!703! 2 CERF 5-Year Evaluation DRC Country Report TABLE OF CONTENTS ! TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ 3! ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................. 4! MAP - DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO ............................................................... 6! INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 7! 1. CONTEXT ........................................................................................................................... 10! 2. PROCESSES...................................................................................................................... 19! 3. OUTPUTS ........................................................................................................................... 25! 4. OUTCOMES ....................................................................................................................... 30! 5. CONTRIBUTION ................................................................................................................. 33! 6. CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................................. 36! ANNEX I: TERMS OF REFERENCE AND INCEPTION REPORT ......................................... 38! ANNEX II: CERF PROCESS .................................................................................................. 39! ANNEX III: BIOGRAPHIES OF THE MAIN WRITERS ........................................................... 41! ANNEX IV: CATEGORIES OF PERSONS INTERVIEWED ................................................... 44! ANNEX V: COUNTRY PROJECT SUMMARIES .................................................................... 45! ANNEX VI: ANALYSIS ON SELECTED PROJECTS WITH SCORES................................... 55! ANNEX VII: RAPID RESPONSE TO POPULATION MOVEMENTS ...................................... 65! ANNEX VIII: BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................ 67! 3 CERF 5-Year Evaluation DRC Country Report ACRONYMS ! Acronym( Details( CAP% Consolidated!Appeals!Process! CERF% Central!Emergency!Response!Fund! CHF% Common!Humanitarian!Fund! CPIA% Comité!Provincial!InterZAgences! DAC% Development!Assistance!Committee!(of!the!OECD)! DFID% Department!for!International!Development!(of!the!UK)! DRC% Democratic!Republic!of!the!Congo! ECHO% European!Commission!Humanitarian!Aid!Department! ERC% Emergency!Relief!Coordinator!(the!head!of!OCHA)! ERF% Emergency!Response!Fund! EU% European!Union! FAO% Food!and!Agriculture!Organization!of!the!United!Nations! FTS% Financial!Tracking!Service! GA% General!Assembly!(of!the!United!Nations)! GHD% Good!Humanitarian!Donorship! HC% Humanitarian!Coordinator! HCT% Humanitarian!Country!Team! HDI% Human!Development!Index! HQ% Head!Quarters! HRF% Humanitarian!Response!Fund! IDP% Internally!Displaced!People! IASC% InterZAgency!Standing!Committee! INGO% International!Non!Governmental!Organisations! IOM% International!Organization!for!Migration! JPFU% Joint!Pooled!Fund!Unit! LoU% Letter!of!Understanding! M&E% Monitoring!and!Evaluation! MDTF% Multi!Donor!Trust!Fund! MSA% Multi!Sectoral!Assessment! 4 CERF 5-Year Evaluation DRC Country Report Acronym( Details( NFI% NonZFood!Items! NGO% Non!Governmental!Organisations! OCHA% United!Nations!Office!for!the!Coordination!of!Humanitarian!Affairs! OECD% Organisation!for!Economic!Cooperation!and!Development! PAF% Performance!and!Accountability!Framework! PEAR% Programme!of!Expanded!Assistance!to!Returns! PF% Pooled!Fund!(DRC)! RC% Resident!Coordinator! RR% Rapid!Response!(CERF!funding!window)! RRM% Rapid!Response!Mechanism! RRMP% Réponse!Rapide!aux!Mouvements!de!Population!! SGBV% Sexual!and!GenderZBased!Violence! ToR% Terms!of!Reference! UFE% UnderZfunded!emergency!(CERF!funding!window)! UK% United!Kingdom! UN% United!Nations! UNCT% United!Nations!Country!Team! UNDP% United!Nations!Development!Programme! UNFPA% United!Nations!Fund!for!Population!Activities! UNHAS% United!Nations!Humanitarian!Air!Service!(operated!by!WFP)! UNHCR% United!Nations!High!Commissioner!for!Refugees! UNICEF% United!Nations!Children’s!Fund! UNOPS% United!Nations!Office!for!Project!Services! USD% United!States!Dollar! WASH% Water!Sanitation!and!Hygiene! WFP% United!Nations!World!Food!Programme! WHO% World!Health!Organization! ! 5 CERF 5-Year Evaluation DRC Country Report MAP - DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO ! 6 CERF 5-Year Evaluation DRC Country Report INTRODUCTION 1. This' country' report' examines' the' Central' Emergency' Response' Fund' (CERF)’s' contribution' in' response' to' the' humanitarian' crisis' in' the' Democratic' Republic' of' the' Congo'between'2006'and'2010.'It'is'one'of'16'case'studies'conducted'to'inform'the'5Gyear' Evaluation' of' the' Central' Emergency' Response' Fund' (CERF).' Mandated' by' the' UN' General'Assembly,'the'5Gyear'Evaluation'of'the'CERF'is'managed'by'OCHA’s'evaluation' section'(ESGX),'and'conducted'by'Channel'Research.'' ' The$CERF$ 2. The'Central'Emergency'Response'Fund'(CERF)'is'a'US$'500'million'fund'established'to' support' rapid' response' and' address' critical' humanitarian' needs' in' underfunded' emergencies.' The' CERF' is' managed' by' the' UNTs' Under' Secretary' General' for' Humanitarian' Affairs' and' Emergency' Relief' Coordinator' (ERC),' and' supported' by' a' Secretariat'and'by'other'branches'of'the'UN'Office'for'the'Coordination'of'Humanitarian' Affairs' (OCHA).' CERF' funding' includes' a' US$450' million' grant' element' and' a' US$50' million' loan' mechanism.' The' grant' component' is' comprised' of' two' windows:' one' for' rapid' response' and' one' for' underfunded' crises.' The' loan' facility' is' a' revolving' fund' which' serves' as' a' cashGflow' mechanism' for' eligible' humanitarian' organizations.' Only' UN'agencies'and'the'International'Organization'for'Migration'(IOM)'are'eligible.' ' Methodology** Document$review$ 3. For'the'Democratic'Republic'of'the'Congo'Desk'Review,'key'reference'documents'were' reviewed,'including'the'annual'reports'from'the'Resident/Humanitarian'Coordinator'on' the'use'of'the'CERF'grants,'the'annual'reports'on'the'Pooled'Fund,'and'humanitarian' appeal'documents.'Numerical'data'from'the'CERF'Secretariat,'the'CERF'Website,'and' the'UN'Financial'Tracking'Service'(FTS)'was'also'analysed'to'establish'the'pattern'for' CERF'use'and'the'differences'between'CERF'allocations'for'DRC'and'the'other'78'CERF' recipients.' Please' note' that' the' team' defined' the' year' of' the' grant' based' on' the' disbursement' date' rather' than' the' approval' date' (which' the' CERF' secretariat' uses' as' reference).'This'was'done'to'facilitate'comparison'with'other'funding.' 4. Of'the'127'projects'funded'by'the'CERF'in' the' DRC,'the'team'examined'27'randomly' selected'proposals'for'funding'(see'Annex'V))'submitted'to'the'CERF'Secretariat'from' the' country,' i.e.' 21' percent' of' the' total,' and' the' extent' to' which' the' proposals' paid' attention' to' gender,' vulnerability,' and' cross' cutting' issues,' using' the' gender' and' vulnerability'markers1.'' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 1'' The' gender' markers' were' piloted' in' 2010' and' were' not' launched' officially' until' 2011' after' the' CERF' evaluation'period'was'concluded.'Even'though'the'CERF'application'template'was'only'revised'in'2010'in' order' to' obtain' this' type' of' information,' the' evaluation' team' has' used' the' markers' as' a' framework' for' analytical'purpose.'The'vulnerability'marker'was'designed'by'Channel'for'this'evaluation.' 7 CERF 5-Year Evaluation DRC Country Report ' ' Interviews$$ 5. FollowGup' consultations' and' interviews' were' carried' out' after' the' team' received' feedback'on'the'first'two'drafts'of'the'report.'Staff'of'the'Joint'Pooled'Fund'Unit'(JPFU),' which'is'responsible'for'the'management'of'CERF'processes'in'DRC,'of'two'individual' agencies' in' DRC' (FAO' and' UNICEF),' of' an' international' NGO' in' DRC,' of' OCHA' Headquarters'(HQ)'and'of'the'CERF'Secretariat'were'consulted'(eight'persons'in'total).' Attempts' were' made' to' interview'