Date 22.12.2005 Project# 353 FINAL REPORT: SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER AFFECTED BY HIGH ARSENIC CONTENTS IN 3 VOJVODINIAN REGIONS BOOK 1: Executive Summary City of Vienna MA 31 i. TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOK I 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...................................................................................................... 1.12 1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1.12 1.2 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES..................................................................................................... 1.12 1.2.1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 1.12 1.2.2 Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 1.13 1.3 METHODOLOGY.................................................................................................................. 1.14 1.4 LEGAL FEASIBILITY............................................................................................................ 1.18 1.5 REGULATIONS AND DIRECTIVES ........................................................................................ 1.18 1.5.1 European Drinking Water Directive .............................................................................. 1.18 1.5.2 Regulations for Groundwater Protection....................................................................... 1.19 1.5.3 World Health Organisation (WHO) ............................................................................... 1.19 1.5.4 Legal framework............................................................................................................. 1.19 1.6 PRELIMINARY DATA COLLECTION RESULTS ....................................................................... 1.21 1.7 TENTATIVE TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS ................................................................................... 1.22 1.7.1 Separate Scenario........................................................................................................... 1.23 1.7.2 Macro regional scenario ................................................................................................ 1.24 1.7.3 Micro regional scenario................................................................................................. 1.25 1.7.4 Pilot region..................................................................................................................... 1.26 1.8 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS................................................................................................ 1.27 1.8.1 Environmental Impact .................................................................................................... 1.27 1.9 GENERAL PRELIMINARY CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................. 1.29 -1.2- ii. TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOK II 2 GROUNDWATER SOURCES………………………………………………………………2.7 2.1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………2.7 2.2 SUMMARY OF AVAILABLE DATA AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT GROUNDWATER SOURCES ADDRESSED IN THE STUDY……………………………………2.9 2.3 HYDROGEOLOGICAL AND HYDRODYNAMIC FEATURES OF WESTERN BAČKA …………………………………………………………………………………………….…………2.10 2.3.1 The Quaternary Aquifer in Western Bačka…………………………………………………2.10 2.3.2 Pliocene aquifers in Western Bačka…………………………………………...……………2.12 2.4 OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT WATER SOURCE SITUATION IN WESTERN BAČKA AND IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR PROBLEMS…………………………………….…………2.15 2.4.1 Municipality of Sombor………………………………………………………………………………………….……2.15 2.4.1.1 Sombor ………………………………………………………………………………………2.16 2.4.1.2 Aleksa Šantić……………………………………………………………………..…………2.18 2.4.1.3 Bački Breg……………………………………………………………………………..……2.20 2.4.1.4 Bački Monoštor……………………………………………………………………...………2.21 2.4.1.5 Bezdan………………………………………………………………………….……………2.23 2.4.1.6 Gakovo………………………………………………………………………………………2.23 2.4.1.7 Doroslovo……………………………………………………………………………………2.25 2.4.1.8 Kljajićevo……………………………………………………………………………………2.27 2.4.1.9 Kolut………………………………………………………………………………...………2.28 2.4.1.10 Rastina………………………………………………………………………………2.29 2.4.1.11 Riđica………………………………………………………….……………………2.31 2.4.1.12 Svetozar Miletić………………………………………………………………….…2.32 2.4.1.13 Stanišić………………………………………………………………………...……2.34 2.4.1.14 Stapar…………………………………………………………………………….…2.35 2.4.1.15 Elečka……………………………………………………………………………….2.36 2.4.1.16 Čonoplja…………………………………………………………………………….2.37 2.4.2 Municipality of Apatin………………………………………………………………………2.41 2.4.2.1 Apatin…………………………………………………………………………….…………2.42 2.4.2.2 Kupusina……………………………………………………………………….……………2.48 2.4.2.3 Prigrevica……………………………………………………………………………………2.50 -1.3- Project 353 UTN Draft Report: Sustainable solutions to improve the quality of drinking water affected by high arsenic contents in 3 Vojvodinian regions 2.4.2.4 Sonta…………………………………………………………………………………...……2.50 2.4.3 The Municipality of Kula……………………………………………………………………2.53 2.4.3.1 Kula…………………………………………………………………………….……………2.54 2.4.3.2 Crvenka………………………………………………………………………..…….………2.56 2.4.3.3 Kruščić………………………………………………………………………………………2.57 2.4.3.4 Lipar…………………………………………………………………………………………2.59 2.4.3.5 Nova Crvenka……………………………………………………………………….………2.60 2.4.3.6 Ruski Krstur…………………………………………………………………………………2.62 2.4.3.7 Sivac…………………………………………………………………………………………2.63 2.4.4 The Municipality of Odzaci…………………..………………………………….….………2.66 2.4.4.1 Odžaci………………………………………………………………………….……………2.67 2.4.4.2 Bački Brestovac…………………………………………………………………..…………2.69 2.4.4.3 Bački Gračac…………………………………………………………………...……………2.71 2.4.4.4 Bogojevo……………………………………………………………………….……………2.72 2.4.4.5 Deronje………………………………………………………………………………………2.73 2.4.4.6 Karavukovo………………………………………………………………….………………2.75 2.4.4.7 Lalić…………………………………………………………………………………………2.76 2.4.4.8 Ratkovo………………………………………………………………………………...……2.77 2.4.4.9 Srpski Miletić……………………………………………………………………..…………2.79 2.5 OVERVIEW OF GROUNDWATER RESOURCES IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BAČ, VRBAS, SRBOBRAN, BEČEJ AND NOVI BEČEJ…………………………….…………………2.82 2.5.1 The municipality of Bač…………………………………………………………….………2.82 2.5.2 The municipality of Vrbas………………………………………………………..…………2.83 2.5.3 The municipality of Srbobran………………………………………………………….……2.84 2.5.4 The municipality of Bečej……………………………………………..……………………2.85 2.5.5 The municipality of Novi Bečej…………………………………………………………….2.87 2.6 CRITERIA FOR THE SELECTION OF OPTIMUM SOLUTIONS FOR DRINKING WATER SUPPLY…………………………………………………………………………………..2.90 2.7 LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF WATER SOURCES…………………………………………………………………………………………...2.91 2.8 COST ESTIMATES FOR THE PROPOSED SOLUTIONS……………………………….2.92 2.8.1 Development of a regional water source in the sectors between Budžak and Apatin, and Apatin and Mesarske livade…………………………………………………………………………2.92 2.8.2 Development of micro-regional water sources…………………………………..………….2.93 -1.4- Project 353 UTN Draft Report: Sustainable solutions to improve the quality of drinking water affected by high arsenic contents in 3 Vojvodinian regions 2.8.3 Development or expansion of local water sources………………………………………….2.93 -1.5- iii. TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOK III 3 WATER TREATMENT……………………………………………………………………...3.4 3.1 WATER ANALYSIS RESULTS…………………………………………………………….3.4 3.1.1 West Bačka Region……………………………………………………………………..........3.4 3.1.2 South East Region……………………………………………………………………............3.5 3.2 MACRO REGIONAL SCENARIO………………………………………………………….3.6 3.2.1 Quantity and Quality of Water - Tasks for Water Treatment Technology……………….….3.6 3.2.2 Concept of Water Treatment Technology……………………………………………………3.6 3.2.2.1 Alternative 1…………………………………………………………………….....................3.7 3.2.2.2 Alternative 2…………………………………………………………………….....................3.9 3.2.3 Estimation of Water Treatment Costs……………………………………………………….3.11 3.2.3.1 Estimated Costs for Alternative 1…………………………………………………………...3.11 3.2.3.2 Estimated Costs for Alternative 2…………………………………………………………...3.11 3.3 SEPARATE SCENARIOS………………………………………………………………….3.12 3.3.1 Water treatment group A……………………………………………………………………3.13 3.3.2 Water treatment group B…………………………………………………………………….3.15 3.3.3 Water treatment group C…………………………………………………………………….3.17 3.3.4 Water treatment group D……………………………………………………………………3.19 3.3.5 Water treatment group E…………………………………………………………………….3.20 3.3.6 Water treatment group F…………………………………………………………………….3.21 -1.6- iv. TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOK IV 4 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM CONCEPT……………………………………………………...4.4 4.1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………....................................4.4 4.1.1 General Overview of Water Supply Situation in Vojvodina…………………………………4.4 4.1.2 Water supply situation……………………………………………………..............................4.4 4.1.3 Conducted investigation works and proposed solutions……………………………………...4.6 4.2 SCOPE AND OBJECTIVES……………………………………………………....................4.7 4.3 METHODOLOGY……………………………………………………...................................4.8 4.4 WATER DEMAND ESTIMATE…………………………………………………….............4.8 4.4.1 Population number……………………………………………………....................................4.9 4.4.2 Other consumers…………………………………………………….......................................4.9 4.4.3 Consumption standards…………………………………………………….............................4.9 4.5 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM……………………………………………………....................4.10 4.6 MACRO-REGIONAL SCENARIO…………………………………………………….......4.10 -1.7- v. TABLE OF CONTENTS BOOK V 5 OWNERSHIP AND FINANCE……………………………………………………………...5.7 5.1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………........................5.7 5.2 FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY……………………………………………………………........5.7 5.2.1 Methodological