THE BODY OF CHRIST DIVIDED: RECEPTION OF JOSQUIN’S MISSA PANGE LINGUA IN REFORMATION GERMANY by ALANNA VICTORIA ROPCHOCK Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor: Dr. David J. Rothenberg Department of Music CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY May, 2015 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the thesis/dissertation of Alanna Ropchock candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree*. Committee Chair: Dr. David J. Rothenberg Committee Member: Dr. L. Peter Bennett Committee Member: Dr. Susan McClary Committee Member: Dr. Catherine Scallen Date of Defense: March 6, 2015 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ........................................................................................................... i List of Figures .......................................................................................................... ii Primary Sources and Library Sigla ........................................................................... iii Other Abbreviations .................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgements ................................................................................................... v Abstract ..................................................................................................................... vii Introduction: A Catholic Mass in Lutheran Sources .......................................... 1 Chapter 1: Origins and Use of Pange lingua from the Early Middle Ages to Reformation Germany ................................................ 12 Fortunatus, Aquinas, and Corpus Christi .................................................................. 13 Pange lingua: Text, Usage, and Location in Liturgical Books ................................ 26 Pange lingua, Polyphony, and the Reformation ....................................................... 34 Rhau’s Sacrorum hymnorum liber primus ................................................................ 43 Chapter 2: Rome, Petrus Alamire, and the Holy Roman Empire: Context and Transmission of the Early Missa Pange lingua Sources ................ 48 The Early Missa Pange lingua Sources: An Overview ............................................ 52 Missa Pange lingua Sources from Petrus Alamire’s Workshop .............................. 65 Early Transmission of the Missa Pange lingua ........................................................ 89 Chapter 3: The Missa Pange lingua, Johannes Ott’s Missae tredecim, and a Confessional Crossroads .............................................................................. 95 Liturgy and Politics in Lutheran Nuremberg ............................................................ 96 Thirteen Masses ........................................................................................................ 105 The Missae tredecim Exemplars ............................................................................... 123 Chapter 4: The Post-1550 Lutheran Missa Pange lingua .................................... 144 Leipzig and Albertine Saxony .................................................................................. 145 The Missa Pange lingua and Duke Johann Albrecht I of Mecklenburg-Schwerin ........................................................................................ 156 Johannes Buechmayer and Regensburg C 100 ......................................................... 169 Brno 15/4 and a Lutheran Community in Moravia ................................................... 176 Lutheran Manuscript Transmission of the Missae tredecim Repertoire ................... 179 Chapter 5: Duets, the Agnus Dei, and Some Answers ......................................... 187 Georg Rhau’s Bicinia, gallica, latina, germanica .................................................... 192 The Ronneburg Missa Pange lingua ......................................................................... 203 Conclusion: Text, Context, and Identity ............................................................... 221 Appendix ................................................................................................................... 226 Works Cited .............................................................................................................. 228 List of Tables 1.1 Pange lingua with English translation ................................................................ 27 1.2 “Pre-Reformation” German Pange lingua Settings ............................................ 35 1.3 Sources of “Pre-Reformation” German Pange lingua Settings .......................... 36 1.4 Sources of “Post-Reformation” German Pange lingua Settings ........................ 41 1.5 Corpus Christi Pieces in Sacrorum hymnorum liber primus .............................. 44 2.1 Early Missa Pange lingua Sources ..................................................................... 53 2.2 Contents of MunBS 510 ...................................................................................... 59 2.3 Contents of the Occo Codex ............................................................................... 72 2.4 Contents of JenaU 21 .......................................................................................... 76 2.5 Contents of VienNB 4809 ................................................................................... 84 3.1 Music Publications of Johannes Ott .................................................................... 98 3.2 Johannes Petreius Prints 1538-39 ....................................................................... 99 3.3 Pre-Existent Material in the Missae tredecim Masses ........................................ 107 3.4 Contents of Liber quindecim missarum .............................................................. 108 3.5 Pre-1540 Concordant Sources of the Missae tredecim Masses .......................... 110 3.6 Missae tredecim Stemmae .................................................................................. 113 3.7 Missae tredecim in Bound Collections (convolutes) .......................................... 126 3.8 Known Exemplars of Missae tredecim ............................................................... 127 3.9 Instances of Handwritten Markings in Missae tredecim Exemplars .................. 141 4.1 Leipzig Kirchenordnungen ................................................................................. 148 4.2 Mass Ordinary Settings in LeipU 49/50 ............................................................. 152 4.3 Mass Ordinary Settings in LeipU 51 .................................................................. 154 4.4 Kirchenordnungen for Mecklenburg .................................................................. 159 4.5 Organization of RosU 49 .................................................................................... 160 4.6 Mass Ordinary Settings in RosU 49 .................................................................... 161 4.7 Rostock 71 Manuscripts ...................................................................................... 164 4.8 Suggested Correspondence of Johann Albrecht Inventory and RosU 71 MSS .. 165 4.9 Kirchenordnungen for Regensburg ..................................................................... 171 4.10 Mass Ordinary Settings in RegC 100 ................................................................ 174 4.11 Mass Ordinary Settings in Brno 15/4 ................................................................ 177 4.12 Josquin Masses in the Missae tredecim Manuscripts and Related Manuscripts 180 4.13 Missae tredecim repertoire in Duke Ulrich’s Manuscripts ............................... 183 4.14 Missae tredecim Repertoire in Post-1540 Germanic Manuscripts ................... 184 5.1 “Agnus II” Missa Pange lingua Sources ............................................................ 187 5.2 Opening Contents of VienNB 18832 .................................................................. 189 5.3 Identified Mass Ordinary Settings from VienNB 18832 and MunBS 260 ......... 191 5.4 Contrafacta Text for the Missa Pange lingua Sections in Bicinia gallica .......... 194 5.5 Mass Ordinary Settings from Bicinia Gallica .................................................... 197 5.6 Contents of Rhau’s Opus decem missarum ........................................................ 199 5.7 Corpus Christi Pieces in Sacrorum hymnorum liber primus .............................. 201 5.8 Mass Ordinary Prints of Anthony von Isenburg ................................................. 204 5.9 Related Concordant Sources of the Ronneburg Masses ..................................... 207 5.10 Contents of Liber decem missarum ................................................................... 213 i List of Figures 3.1 Agnus Dei III, Missa Pange lingua, Tenor partbook, Kassel Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek der Stadt Kassel ................. 135 3.2 Credo, Missa Sub tuum praesidium, Tenor partbook, Kassel Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek der Stadt Kassel ................. 135 3.3 Kyrie and Gloria, Missa Pange lingua, Contratenor partbook, Heilbronn Stadtarchiv ............................................................................................... 136 3.4 Christus filius dei, Tenor partbook, Heilbronn Stadtarchiv ................................ 137 3.5 Preface insert