Case No.: IT-02-61-S 30 March 2004 UNITED NATIONS International Tribunal for the Case No. IT-02-61-S Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of Date: 30 March 2004 International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991 Original: English IN TRIAL CHAMBER II Before: Judge Wolfgang Schomburg, Presiding Judge Carmel A. Agius Judge Florence Ndepele Mwachande Mumba Registrar: Mr. Hans Holthuis Judgement of: 30 March 2004 PROSECUTOR v. MIROSLAV DERONJI] SENTENCING JUDGEMENT The Office of the Prosecutor: Mr. Mark B. Harmon Counsel for the Accused: Mr. Slobodan Cvijeti} Mr. Slobodan Ze~evi} Case No.: IT-02-61-S 30 March 2004 CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1 II. THE ACCUSED.................................................................................................................................. 2 III. PROCEDURAL HISTORY ............................................................................................................. 4 A. OVERVIEW OF THE PROCEEDINGS ....................................................................................................... 4 B. PLEA AGREEMENT .............................................................................................................................. 6 C. TESTIMONY OF THE ACCUSED............................................................................................................. 7 D. SENTENCING HEARING ....................................................................................................................... 7 E. CONTINUED SENTENCING HEARING .................................................................................................... 9 IV. GUILTY PLEA AND PLEA AGREEMENT ............................................................................... 11 V. THE FACTS ...................................................................................................................................... 13 A. THE POLITICAL CAREER OF THE ACCUSED ....................................................................................... 14 B. POLITICAL BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................. 14 C. PREPARATIONS FOR PERSECUTIONS IN GLOGOVA ............................................................................. 18 D. ACTS OF PERSECUTIONS ................................................................................................................... 26 1. Attack on the Village of Glogova................................................................................................ 26 2. Killing of Bosnian Muslim Civilians in Glogova........................................................................ 27 (a) Killing of Medo Deli}, [e}o Ibi{evi}, Zlatija Ibi{evi} and Adem Junuzovi} ........................ 27 (b) First Mass Killing................................................................................................................... 27 (c) Second Mass Killing .............................................................................................................. 27 (d) Third Mass Killing................................................................................................................. 27 3. Forcible Displacement of Civilians from Glogova...................................................................... 28 4. Destruction of an Institution Dedicated to Religion (the Mosque) and Other Muslim Property. 29 E. EVENTS FOLLOWING THE ATTACK ON GLOGOVA.............................................................................. 30 F. MEETING IN PALE ............................................................................................................................. 32 VI. THE LAW ........................................................................................................................................ 33 A. LEGAL BASIS.................................................................................................................................... 33 B. TRIAL CHAMBER’S FINDINGS............................................................................................................ 33 VII. INDIVIDUAL CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE ACCUSED.................................... 36 VIII. SENTENCING LAW ................................................................................................................... 38 A. THE INDIVIDUAL GUILT OF AN ACCUSED AND THE PRINCIPLE OF PROPORTIONALITY ....................... 39 B. PRINCIPLES AND PURPOSES............................................................................................................... 39 1. Submissions of the Parties ........................................................................................................... 39 2. Discussion.................................................................................................................................... 40 (a) Deterrence .............................................................................................................................. 40 (b) Retribution ............................................................................................................................. 42 C. ARTICLE 24 OF THE STATUTE AND RULE 101 OF THE RULES ............................................................ 42 D. GRAVITY OF THE CRIME, AGGRAVATING AND MITIGATING FACTORS .............................................. 43 E. SENTENCING RANGES ....................................................................................................................... 44 1. Former Yugoslavia ...................................................................................................................... 44 2. The Applicability of the Principle of lex mitior........................................................................... 46 3. Other Countries............................................................................................................................ 47 IX. FACTS RELATED TO THE INDIVIDUAL CONDUCT OF THE ACCUSED....................... 50 A. GRAVITY OF THE OFFENCE AND AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES.................................................... 50 1. Submissions of the Parties ........................................................................................................... 50 2. Discussion.................................................................................................................................... 51 (a) Large Number of Victims ...................................................................................................... 51 i Case No.: IT-02-61-S 30 March 2004 (b) Deronji}’s Superior Position as a Political Leader in the Municipality of Bratunac ............. 51 (c) Miroslav Deronji}’s Role in the Disarmament of the Citizens of Glogova ........................... 54 (d) Deronji}’s Role in Ordering the Attack on Glogova ............................................................. 54 (e) Deronji}’s Role during the Attack on Glogova...................................................................... 55 (f) Vulnerability and Helplessness of the Victims of the 9 May 1992 Attack on Glogova......... 56 (g) Long-term Effects of the 9 May 1992 Attack on Glogova on the Victims............................ 57 3. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 59 B. MITIGATING CIRCUMSTANCES.......................................................................................................... 59 1. Guilty Plea ................................................................................................................................... 60 (a) Submissions of the Parties...................................................................................................... 60 (b) Discussion .............................................................................................................................. 60 (i) Analysis of the country reports submitted by the Max Planck Institute............................. 60 (ii) Jurisprudence of the International Tribunals ..................................................................... 62 (c) Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 63 2. Substantial Co-operation by the Accused.................................................................................... 65 (a) Submissions of the Parties...................................................................................................... 65 (b) Discussion .............................................................................................................................. 65 (i) Provision of unique and corroborative information to the Prosecution.............................. 66 (ii) Testimony of Miroslav Deronji} in other proceedings before the Tribunal...................... 66 (iii) Provision of original documentation to the Prosecution................................................... 68 (iv) Identification of new crimes and perpetrators unknown to the Prosecution..................... 68 3. Contribution to Prevention of Revisionism of Crimes Committed in Srebrenica ....................... 68 (a) Submissions of the Parties.....................................................................................................