PORTS of t/ze WORL G I B R A L T A R PU B BBBB B B B B BUREAU OF NAVIGATION U N D E R A UTHO R IT$ OF TH E S E C R ETA R $ OF TH E N A V$ Fo re wo rd H ffi A n . T the o cers a d enlisted men of the U S . Navy may have the latest available information on the ports of S the world , the Bureau of Navigation , ixth Division , is preparing individual guidebooks on one hundred of To k these ports . supplement these guideboo s , illus trat e d lectures on these same ports are being pre pared In addition to information about each city and its un d $ surro dings , certain etails of practical interest to h H ffi d t e S . ightseer have been included owever , as tra c sche ules , n in n . mo ey excha ge , etc are constantly chang g , these details should be carefully checked upon arrival in port . Grateful acknowledgment is mad e to the National Geographic S d and n ociety for their suggestions , both as to e itorial policy i ter d esting etails concerning Gibraltar and its environs . FW” e I N DE X Intro du ct o n Cad z the O de t To wn in S a n i i , l s p i Gibraltar $ Past and Pre se nt The Capital o f Mo ro cco Gibraltar and the Gre at War Granada and the Alhambra Plan o f City and Its Enviro ns Th e Galle ri e s City o f Malaga ’ The M o o rish Castle Gibraltar s N e ighbo ring To wns Alame da Garde ns Me an s o f Trave l Th e Barracks o f Gibraltar Hunting in Spain Th e Marke t Hu nting in Mo ro cco Th e Exchan ge and Library Ce nte rs o f Info rmatio n The Garriso n Library Cabs The Asse mbly Ro o ms Ho te ls Re cre atio nal Facilitie s Re staur ants and C o fie e Ho u se s The atre Ro yal Mo ne y Th e Ro ck and I ts Enviro ns Spanish Th e Cave s English Th e Mo nke ys Po stage Eu ro pa Po int Churche s The Harbo r Climate Alge ciras Me mo randa S e ve n I ntro du ctio n N THE borderland between Occiden t and Orient$ where East meets West and the civilization of tod ay is e ntwined with the quaint customs and superstition s of a veiled yesterday n as k and there sta ds a towering m s of gray roc , stern forbidding , $ $ $ n$ Gibraltar e y of the Mediterranea abode of romance . ‘ The eyes of seafaring men hav e turned toward Gibraltar n n v si ce the earliest days of history , whe the earth was belie ed and in and m to be flat , men sailed their ships fear tre bling , n v v apprehe si e lest they tumble o er the edge of the world . n v n m n t he e P Imagi ati e ancients , maki g co pariso s , aptly applied t rm illars ” H G P A t he c o of ercules to ibraltar and the romontory byla , on Moroc side of the narrow strait . It was at Gibraltar where the adventurous sailors of ancient P hoenicia furled o f and n d v n the sails their cockleshell ships a chored for awhile to buil sil er colum s , ” d n v n eclari g the straits to be the limits of na igatio . And P G C it was at alos , a few miles west of ibraltar , where olumbus mobilized his n and n ti y fleet of three ships set forth with brave hopes , withal swiftly beati g e o n w ne . h art , the voyage which was to result in the discovery of a world S ince days of old there hav e been man y bitter struggles for possession of G n ne o ne th e in ibraltar , re ow d as of most important strategic fortresses the world . N ine Th e and S and F and blood of Moors paniards rench British was spilled , and and n and a nd great fleets were battered su k , sailors soldiers rose to immortal m in n G fa e the wars which raged through the ce turies for the mastery of ibraltar . i n d England , largely because of the impetuous dar ng of Nelso , who secure this important strategic position for his country$ but lost his life in the under $ taking has occupied Gibraltar since 1 704 . ’ ' And n d G the e fie ct n the story of E glan s struggle for ibraltar , its possessio ’ n and an has had on Britai s imperial policy the expansion of her trade , reads like n n v i teresti g and absorbing no el . Tourist travel to the inland places of interest in Gibralta r has been resumed n n n T v v n O n si ce the sig i g of the armistice . ra elers are also gi e an pportu ity to k d and ma e si e trips to Spain to the Barbary S tates , where Decatur sailed with his warships and terrified into submission the pirates who had been preying o n American merchantmen and endeavoring to exact tribute from the American people . And the following pages tell something of life and customs and people an d places in Gibraltar and Morocco and neighboring territories $ whose shores are and perpetually kissed by the restless blue waters of the Mediterranean , whose H $ mode of living is a bizarre combination of East and West . ere they meet ’ And $ can v in d the old , old verse of ipling s ne er , this day , be applie to this portion o f the Mediterranean Fo r and East is East West is West , ’ ” n h A d ne er t e twain shall meet . G I B R A L TA R GIBRALTAR PAST AND PRESENT I B RA LTAR is perhaps the greatest natu ral beacon of navigation . Its rocky promontory juts into the sea at the Atlantic entrance to the Mediterranean . Th e Gibraltar peninsula runs almost due north and h and m n and sout , is about three iles lo g three- quarters of a mile across at the widest n part . It is con ected with the mainland of S pain by a sandy isthmus two miles long . The cen tral part of the isthmus is known $ th e e nd as the Neutral one , at southern of which are gates marking the frontier of Th e the British possessions . gates at the northern e nd open upon Spanish territory . n On accou t of its great strategic value , Gibraltar has undergone man y sieges . It has been held in turn by the Moors , the i n S n a d . A t ca ce ne in Wate o t Stre e t pa sh , the British Over the doors ypi l s rp r of the shop and on street corners are Th e o d m v ff f Af . an E English na es , gi ing the e ect of a curious mixture rican ast C w n n and small British town . lose by , ho ever , are I dian people , thro ging the streets ‘ s o f h shops of the Oriental type , sugge ting the crowding the low doorways the s ops , and C ai . d bazaars of Damascus ro pro uce an Oriental atmosph e re . E le ven G I B R A L TA R Gibraltar was the g ateway through which the Moors entered Spain from Northern D A . Africa . And after 7 1 1 . the Rock was named Jabel -al- Tarik $Hill of Tarik) after A Tarikibn $ the rab chief iad , who built a fortress on the promontory , part of which Th e G still exists . modern name of ibraltar f A - al is derived rom the rabian term , Jabel Tarik . In the fourteenth century it was $ n C taken by the i g of astile , but it was soon n recaptured by the Moors , and remai ed in their possession until the latter part of the fi n o C ftee th century , sh rtly before olumbus o n v A set forth his voyage of disco ery . few years later the Duke of Medina Sidonia o b t aine d possession , and it was a number of years before it became a Castillian posses o n Th sion ce more . e Spaniards had by this n fi time so stro gly forti ed it , however , that P it easily withstood the Barbary irates . S e cke l S G p of trassburg , a erman engineer , is responsible for the first heavy and modern fi Ente r n the Har o r o f G ra tar forti cations . i g b ib l E S i S 1 0 n arly in the War of the pan sh ucces 7 5 , it was u successfully b e sieged by the A C S 1 1 sion , known in the merican olonies as paniards , and in 7 3 it became a British A ’ S P $ ueen nne s War , the paniards surren possession by the eace of Utrecht .