ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS LTD FORMER KINGS BRASSERIE, KING STREET, HIGH ONGAR, ESSEX CM5 9NS HISTORIC BUILDING RECORDING Level 2 Author: Tansy Collins MSt Kate Higgs MA Lauren Wilson MA Kathren Henry NGR: TL 59347 03026 Report No: 5161 District: Epping Forest Site Code: Approved: Claire Halpin MCIfA Project No: 6544 Date: June 2016 This report is confidential to the client. Archaeological Solutions Ltd accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission. © Archaeological Solutions Ltd 2016 Archaeological Solutions is an independent archaeological contractor providing the services which satisfy all archaeological requirements of planning applications, including: Desk-based assessments and environmental impact assessments Historic building recording and appraisals Trial trench evaluations Geophysical surveys Archaeological monitoring and recording Archaeological excavations Post excavation analysis Promotion and outreach Specialist analysis ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS LTD Unit 6, Brunel Business Court, Eastern Way, Bury St Edmunds IP32 7AJ Tel 01284 765210 P I House, Rear of 23 Clifton Road, Shefford, Bedfordshire, SG17 5AF Tel: 01462 850483 e-mail [email protected] www.archaeologicalsolutions.co.uk twitter.com/ArchaeologicalS g www.facebook.com/ArchaeologicalSolutions Former Kings Brasserie, King Street, High Ongar, Essex, CM5 9NS 1 © Archaeological Solutions Ltd 2016 CONTENTS OASIS SUMMARY SHEET SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE 3 METHODOLOGY 4 HISTORIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 5 THE BUILDINGS 6 DISCUSSION 7 CONCLUSION DEPOSITION OF THE ARCHIVE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES 1 HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT RECORD DATA 2 CARTOGRAPHIC SOURCES 3 PARISH OF HIGH ONGAR TITHE APPORTIONMENT, 1848 4 HISTORIC PHOTOGRAPHS Former Kings Brasserie, King Street, High Ongar, Essex, CM5 9NS 2 © Archaeological Solutions Ltd 2016 OASIS SUMMARY SHEET Project details Project name Former Kings Brasserie, King Street, High Ongar, Essex, CM5 9NS In May 2016, AS carried out historic building recording at the former Kings Brasserie public house, High Ongar, Essex. The recording was carried out in order to fulfil a condition of planning consent associated with the demolition of the building. Though suggested to be 19th century in date, documentary research found there to be a known long history to the site and technical analysis of the building revealed that the building dates to the 17th century. It is known with certainty that two bays of the original building survives of timber-framed lobby-entry form, the lobby giving access to the original hall and parlour to either side. A few original features survive such as the original staircase and wide boarded door complete with heavy strap hinges, and additional original fabric such as windows may survive within the existing fabric. The southern two bays, also timber-framed, retains fewer diagnostic features exposed though may be of a similar or slightly later date. 19th century work is extensive and includes the provision of service lean-tos all round and a new entrance block and bay window on the frontage, while later still the 20th century saw the reordering of the interior and further extensions. Despite the phases of alteration, there is much of the original structure surviving and remains as an example of a former lobby-entry building, expanded and altered during its history as a public house. Project dates (fieldwork) 19th April 2016 Previous work (Y/N/?) N Future work (Y/N/?) TBC P. number 6544 Site code Type of project Historic building recording Site status Current land use Former public house Planned development Demolition Main features (+dates) 17th century and later timber-framed building Significant finds (+dates) - Project location County/ District/ Parish Essex Epping Forest High Ongar HER/ SMR for area Essex HER Post code (if known) - Area of site 5,000m2 NGR TL 59347 03026 Height AOD (min/max) c. 90m AOD Project creators Brief issued by ECC Project supervisor/s (PO) Tansy Collins Funded by Mr R Brown Full title Former Kings Brasserie, King Street, High Ongar, Essex, CM5 9NS. Historic building recording Authors Kate Higgs, Tansy Collins MSt Report no. 5161 Date (of report) May 2016 Former Kings Brasserie, King Street, High Ongar, Essex, CM5 9NS 3 © Archaeological Solutions Ltd 2016 FORMER KINGS BRASSERIE P.H., KING STREET, HIGH ONGAR, ESSEX, CM5 9NS HISTORIC BUILDING RECORDING SUMMARY In May 2016, AS carried out historic building recording at the former Kings Brasserie public house, High Ongar, Essex. The recording was carried out in order to fulfil a condition of planning consent associated with the demolition of the building. Though suggested to be 19th century in date, documentary research found there to be a known long history to the site and technical analysis of the building revealed that the building dates to the 17th century. It is known with certainty that two bays of the original building survives of timber-framed lobby-entry form, the lobby giving access to the original hall and parlour to either side. A few original features survive such as the original staircase and wide boarded door complete with heavy strap hinges, and additional original fabric such as windows may survive within the existing fabric. The southern two bays, also timber-framed, retains fewer diagnostic features exposed though may be of a similar or slightly later date. 19th century work is extensive and includes the provision of service lean-tos all round and a new entrance block and bay window on the frontage, while later still the 20th century saw the reordering of the interior and further extensions. Despite the phases of alteration, there is much of the original structure surviving and remains as an example of a former lobby-entry building, expanded and altered during its history as a public house. 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 In May 2016, Archaeological Solutions Ltd (AS) carried out historic building recording at the former Kings Brasserie public house, High Ongar, Essex CM5 9NS (NGR TL 59347 03026; Figs. 1 & 2). The recording was commissioned in order to fulfil a condition of planning consent for the demolition of the assessment building (Epping Forest District Council Planning Ref. EPF/2235/15). The assessment building will be replaced with a new residential dwelling (Fig. 18). 1.2 The project was carried out in accordance with a brief issued by Essex County Council Historic Environment Advisor (ECC HEA, Maria Medlycott, 7th January 2016) and a written scheme of investigation (WSI) prepared by AS (8th January 2016). The building was subject to Level 2 recording with some higher level recording and followed procedures outline in the Historic England document Understanding Historic Buildings: A guide to good recording practice (2016) and those within the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (CIfA) Standard and Guidance for the Archaeological Investigation and Recording of Standing Buildings or Structures (2014). 1.3 The objectives of the project were to Former Kings Brasserie, King Street, High Ongar, Essex, CM5 9NS 4 © Archaeological Solutions Ltd 2016 • compile a descriptive record of the building prior to demolition alongside brief documentary and cartographic research in order to understand the nature and context of the historic building as well as its development through time. • create a drawn record of the building including plans and a cross-section • conduct a full photographic survey of the building in its present condition Planning policy context 1.4 The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF 2012) states that those parts of the historic environment that have significance because of their historic, archaeological, architectural or artistic interest are heritage assets. The NPPF aims to deliver sustainable development by ensuring that policies and decisions that concern the historic environment recognise that heritage assets are a non-renewable resource, take account of the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits of heritage conservation, and recognise that intelligently managed change may sometimes be necessary if heritage assets are to be maintained for the long term. The NPPF requires applications to describe the significance of any heritage asset, including its setting that may be affected in proportion to the asset’s importance and the potential impact of the proposal. 1.5 The NPPF aims to conserve England’s heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance, with substantial harm to designated heritage assets (i.e. listed buildings, scheduled monuments) only permitted in exceptional circumstances when the public benefit of a proposal outweighs the conservation of the asset. The effect of proposals on non-designated heritage assets must be balanced against the scale of loss and significance of the asset, but non-designated heritage assets of demonstrably equivalent significance may be considered subject to the same policies as those that are designated. The NPPF states that opportunities to capture evidence from the historic environment, to record and advance the understanding of heritage assets and to make this publicly available is a requirement of development management. This opportunity should be taken in a manner proportionate to the significance of a heritage asset and to impact of the proposal, particularly where a heritage asset is to be lost. 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE 2.1 High Ongar lies in the district of Epping Forest and the county of Essex (Fig. 1). The county town of Chelmsford lies over 12km to the east-north-east of the site, whilst the smaller settlement of Chipping Ongar is situated 4km to the west. The hamlet and dispersed settlement of High Ongar lies 2.6km to the west-north-west, whilst the hamlet of Nine Ashes is situated 500m to the south. The site lies to the east of High Ongar proper on the south side of the meandering King Street which extends towards Nine Ashes. 2.2 The site comprises an irregular plot of land covering an area of approximately 5,000m² (Figs.