Table of Contents Integrated Regional Development Planning: Guidelines and Case Studies from OAS Experience Table of Contents DEPARTMENT OF REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT SECRETARIAT FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES in cooperation with NATIONAL PARK SERVICE - USDI, and U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Washington, D.C. January 1984 Cover: Aerial reconnaissance of the Andean zone of the Esmeraldas River basin in Ecuador showing irrigated agriculture in the inter-Andean valley. Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgements Executive summary http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea03e/begin.htm (1 of 4) [4/14/2000 10:41:40 AM] Table of Contents Introduction I. Background and objectives II. The institutional setting III. Definition of integrated regional development planning IV. The message of this book V. The intended audience VI. The organization of the book VII. Criteria for selecting the case studies VIII. Some disclaimers Guidelines I. Introduction to the guidelines II. Designing the study A. The preliminary mission B. Defining the problem C. Designing the management structure D. Organizing the study III. Executing the study A. phase I - Development diagnosis B. Phase II - Project formulation and preparation of the action plan C. Some general considerations IV. Implementing the study recommendations A. Considering implementation in the design of the study B. Preparing for implementation during execution of the study C. Follow-up after the study is complete D. Keeping packages of projects from unravelling V. Selected bibliography of DRD studies Case studies Case study 1 - Natural resources and regional development in the Dominican Republic I. Introduction II. The natural resources inventory III. The DELNO region study IV. The Cibao region studies V. Epilog http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea03e/begin.htm (2 of 4) [4/14/2000 10:41:40 AM] Table of Contents VI. Lessons learned VII. Bibliography Case study 2 - The Darien region study, Panama I. Introduction II. Designing the study III. Executing the study IV. Implementing the recommendations V. Epilog: Four years later VI. Lessons learned VII. Bibliography Case study 3 - The Pilcomayo river basin study: Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay I. Introduction II. Designing the study III. Executing the study IV. Implementing the recommendations V. Lessons learned VI. Bibliography Case study 4 - Study of the Santiago and Mira river basins, Ecuador I. Introduction II. Designing the study III. Executing the study IV. Implementing the recommendations V. Lessons learned VI. Bibliography Case study 5 - The Chapare region study, Bolivia I. Introduction II. Designing the study III. Executing the study IV. Implementing the recommendations V. Lessons learned VI. Bibliography Case study 6 - The San Lorenzo Canyon study, Mexico I. Introduction II. Designing the study III. Executing the study http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea03e/begin.htm (3 of 4) [4/14/2000 10:41:40 AM] Table of Contents IV. Implementing the recommendations V. Lessons learned VI. Bibliography Looking ahead Glossary List of acronyms http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea03e/begin.htm (4 of 4) [4/14/2000 10:41:40 AM] Preface Preface This book is a salute to the practitioners of integrated economic and social development planning. As a catalyst and participant in that process, the Department of Regional Development (DRD) of the Economic and Social Secretariat of the Organization of American States has learned to appreciate how routinely difficult, complex, and frustrating it is and how rarely things work out according to plan. Certainly, development professionals need not be told that there is no secret, no checklist, no single approach that triggers the development process and sustains its momentum. They know that even the best-laid development plans are fragile, temporary structures vulnerable to constantly changing conditions. They know also that good plans can direct wise investment decisions, which contribute to sustainable development that benefits large populations. Reviewing 20 years of experience with integrated regional development planning is a humbling exercise. Mistakes and failed plans stand out clearly with the perspective of time, but so do the occasional successfully implemented projects that flowed from the plans. Less obvious but perhaps equally satisfying are the mistakes avoided because of the plans. DRD draws here exclusively on its own field experience in Latin America, leaving it to other technical assistance agencies to catalog theirs. Accordingly, the emphasis in this book is on the development of natural resources, energy, infrastructure, agriculture, industry, human settlements, and social services. In these accounts, we believe, are information and ideas of use to developing-country governments from the local to the national levels, sectoral agencies, river basin authorities, regional development corporations, other technical assistance groups, and - most of all - field study managers. As a technical cooperation unit, DRD spends most of its efforts doing, not reflecting or theorizing. But after two decades, it has evolved a partially standardized approach to technical assistance in regional development. Although DRD's staff members have honest differences of opinion over technical issues, and the countries DRD has assisted have widely varying and constantly changing development needs, DRD does have a methodology and a philosophy. So that others can make use of both, they are synthesized here. Kirk P. Rodgers Department of Regional Development Organization of American States Washington, D.C. January, 1984 http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea03e/ch01.htm [4/14/2000 10:41:41 AM] Acknowledgements Acknowledgements Giving credit where it is due is difficult in any major collaborative project, particularly when the subject matter is the 20-year history of a department of a major international agency. When the effort also involves partnership with another development assistance agency, the number of participants becomes very large. The perception of the need for a book on regional development planning experience evolved separately in the Department of Regional Development (DRD) of the Economic and Social Secretariat of the Organization of American States and the management staff of the U.S. Agency for International Development/National Park Service (AID/NPS) Project on Expanded Information Base for Environment and Natural Resources. Robert Blesch of DRD and Ken Thelen of NPS first put the two groups in contact, and their mutual interests eventually led to meetings between NPS staff and DRD, which culminated a decision to join forces to produce this book. Caldwell Hahn and Stephen Bender helped prepare the initial proposal that became the basis for the Cooperative Agreement signed between DRD and NPS. Field research and initial writing of case studies was undertaken by Stephen Bender, Caldwell Hahn, Richard Meganck, and Eugenio Isla. Kathleen Courrier, Arthur Heyman, Newton Cordeiro, and Richard Meganck rewrote the case studies, while additional ideas were introduced by Robert Blesch, Oscar Pretell, Roberto Casañas, Miguel Petit, Arnold Kreisman, Jorge Blanco, Patricio Chellew, and Pedro Bona. The guidelines were written by Kirk Rodgers, with assistance of a team composed of Newton Cordeiro, Brian Thomson, Richard Saunier, and Arthur Heyman. All senior staff members of DRD contributed in some way to the evolution of the ideas. The whole department and its national counterparts in Latin America and the Caribbean shared in the 20 years of experience that is the basis for what has been written. Gary Wetterberg, Hugh Bell Muller, and Jeff Tschirley of the National Park Service and Molly Kux of AID reviewed various drafts of the introduction, the case studies, and the guidelines, and contributed valuable comments. Reviewers of the final draft included Marc Carroll, John dark, and Peggy Lipson of NPS; Michael Crosswell, Maria Hatziolas, David Joslyn, and Steven Lintner of AID; Michael Moran of the Inter-American Institute of Agricultural Sciences; Luis Ferrate of the Inter-American Development Bank, and Donald King of the World Bank. Kathleen Courrier edited the field researchers' reports for the case studies and helped DRD draft the Introduction and the Guidelines. Lawrence Fahey, Gloria Martínez, and Gabriel Gross adapted the maps and graphics from the original OAS reports, which were the focus of the case studies. Teresa Angulo, Janice Bramson, and Mónica Müller took faithful charge of word processing, manuscript production, and logistics while Julio C. Reyes, Linda Starke and Betty Robinson copy edited the finished drafts. Funding for this project came from the AID/NPS Natural Resources Expanded Information Base Project http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea03e/ch02.htm (1 of 2) [4/14/2000 10:41:42 AM] Acknowledgements (which is financed by the Office of Forestry, Environment and Natural Resources of the Bureau for Science and Technology of AID) and from the Department of Regional Development of the OAS. http://www.oas.org/usde/publications/Unit/oea03e/ch02.htm (2 of 2) [4/14/2000 10:41:42 AM] Executive summary Executive summary Introduction This book documents experience in regional development planning and investment project formulation, including the incorporation of environmental considerations into these processes. It looks at actual implementation of development in relation to plans. Both successes and failures are recorded to help practitioners