Woven Into the Stuff of Other Men's Lives: The Treatment of the Dead in Iron Age Atlantic Scotland. Item Type Thesis Authors Tucker, Fiona C. Rights <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by- nc-nd/3.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a <a rel="license" href="http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/">Creative Commons Licence</a>. Download date 30/09/2021 23:37:07 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5327 389 Appendix 1: Gazetteer of Sites This gazetteer of sites includes all sites included in the study. A brief description of each site, with NMRS number and national grid code, date of excavation and references, along with a description of the human remains found and the reason for considering these to be Iron Age is provided. The sites are presented according to the numbered system used throughout this study, starting in the north from Shetland and working south to Argyll, and in alphabetical order within each region. Those sites with locatable human remains that were examined by the author are marked with a star, and can be cross-referenced with Appendix 2, where the osteological data is presented site by site. Sites from which human remains were radiocarbon dated can also be cross referenced with Appendix 3, radiocarbon dates. 390 Shetland (sites 1-7) 1. Jarlshof NMRS number: HU30NE 1.0 National grid reference: HU 3981 0955 Excavated: Curle 1925-35, Childe 1937, Hamilton 1949-52 Principle references: Curle 1933, Hamilton 1956 Brief description: Multi-period settlement including Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, Middle Iron Age, Late Iron Age, Norse and Medieval structures Human remains: One parietal fragment recovered from the passageway of an Early Iron Age structure, and one cranial fragment from medieval layers Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of bone (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh* 2. Old Scatness NMRS number: HU31SE 21.00 National grid reference: HU 3900 1060 Excavated: Bradford University 1996-2005 Principle references: Unpublished excavation records, University of Bradford, and Dockrill et al. 2010 Brief description: Early Iron Age roundhouses, Middle Iron Age broch tower and surrounding settlement, occupied into the Late Iron Age/ Norse period Human remains: Fragments of human remains found in multiple contexts: juvenile 391 skull and associated remains, adult femoral shaft and fragment of second femoral shaft found in post-occupation soil and midden layers, wheelhouse 6 (Late Iron Age), fragmented adult humerus shaft found in post-occupation midden, building 23 (Late Iron Age), adult upper molar found in paving layer, building 23 and adult rib fragment found in rubble layer, roundhouse 12 (Middle Iron Age), plus human remains from post Iron Age layers Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of associated layers Location of human remains: Bradford University* 3a. Sands of Breckon, Yell NMRS number: HP50NW 1.01 National grid reference: HP 528 054 Excavated: Unknown 1923 Principle references: Unpublished records held by Marischal Museum, Aberdeen Brief description: Cist burial Human remains: Adult skeleton found in long cist along with animal bones, extra human vertebrae and ribs, the jaw of an elderly individual and part of a foetal occipital bone Dating evidence: Similarity and proximity to 1983 skeleton (see 3b) Location of human remains: Marischal Museum, Aberdeen* 3b. Sands of Breckon, Yell NMRS number: HP50NW 1.01 392 National grid reference: HP 528 054 Excavated: Scottish Central Excavation Unit 1983 Principle references: Carter and Fraser 1996 Brief description: Cist and cairn burial Human remains: Adult male skeleton missing skull, humeri and femora, remains disturbed and in pile at side of cist Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of skeleton (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: Lost 4a. Sandwick, Unst NMRS number: HP60SW 33 National grid reference: HP 6195 0217 Excavated: Bigelow 1980 Principle references: Bigelow 1984 Brief description: Kerbed cairn burial Human remains: Adult skeleton buried prone within kerbed cairn, head to north Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of skeleton (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: Shetland Museum* 4b. Sandwick, Unst NMRS number: HP60SW 66 National grid reference: HP 6180 0250 Excavated: GUARD 2005 393 Principle references: Lelong and Shearer 2006 Brief description: Cellular building overlain by inhumation burial Human remains: Adult skeleton found in grave cut through sand sealing occupation site. Supine, arms and legs flexed, head to west. Objects found in grave: steatite bead, object of tiny copper and bone rings under left shoulder and polished schist disc Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of skeleton (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: GUARD* 5. Scalloway NMRS number: HU43NW 32 National grid reference: HU 406 399 Excavated: Historic Scotland 1989-90 Principle references: Sharples 1998 Brief description: Broch tower with external and internal later settlements Human remains: Crushed skull, probably elderly female between basal and first course of wall of post-broch occupation within broch Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of skull (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: Reburied 6. St Ninian’s Isle NMRS number: HU32SE 4 National grid reference: HU 3685 2090 Excavated: O’Dell 1958, Barrowman 1999-2000 394 Principle references: Small 1973, Barrowman 2003 Brief description: Pre-Christian and Christian cemetery, Iron Age occupation and early Christian chapel Human remains: Thirteen human skeletons found associated with or predating early Christian chapel, three of which have been radiocarbon dated to the Iron Age. One of these (‘Rosemary’) was in a cist, prone and tightly flexed, one was extended in a long cist (‘Hubert’), and one juvenile (skeleton 7) was buried in a sandy midden layer, with a stone head box. Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of skeletons (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: Marischal Museum, Aberdeen* and Shetland Museum* 7. Uyea, Unst NMRS number: HU69NW 6 National grid reference: HU 6004 9934 Excavated: Unknown 1821 Principle references: Sheridan 2003 Brief description: Hill top cairn covering a series of small steatite cremation urns, covered by flagstones and containing burnt bones Human remains: Cremated remains Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of cremated bones (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: National Museum of Scotland, Edinburgh* 395 Orkney (sites 8-31) 8. Birsay, Brough Road NMRS number: HY22NW 61 National grid reference: HY 2467 2806 Excavated: Morris 1978-9 Principle references: Hunter 1986, Morris 1989 Brief description: Double cist and cairn burial, cairn burial, disturbed graves Human remains: One adult male and one young adult in a double cist burial, one above the other, partially eroded, with the heads originally to south west. One elderly male skeleton buried beneath a kerbed cairn, head to north. Also many fragmented remains interpreted as representing several other disturbed burials. Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of skeletons (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: Tankerness House Museum, Kirkwall* 9. Bu NMRS number: HY20NE 11 National grid reference: HY 2697 0933 Excavated: Hedges 1978 Principle references: Hedges et al. 1987a Brief description: Early Iron Age Atlantic roundhouse and souterrain Human remains: Partial adult male skeleton and remains of several other individuals in rubble fill of souterrain, left upper limb from midden under outer skin of roundhouse, 396 partial child skeleton in rubble fill of roundhouse entrance Dating evidence: Structure Early Iron Age, radiocarbon dating of layers Location of human remains: Lost 10. Buckquoy NMRS number: HY22NW 14 National grid reference: HY 2436 2823 Excavated: Ritchie 1970-1 Principle references: Ritchie 1978 Brief description: Late Iron Age and Viking settlement, long cist burials Human remains: Adult male skeleton in long cist to north of settlement, head to south west, extended and supine, and later Viking burial Dating evidence: Radiocarbon dating of skeleton (see Appendix 3) Location of human remains: Tankerness House Museum, Kirkwall* 11. Burrian, North Ronaldsay NMRS number: HY75SE 3.00 National grid reference: HY 7627 5138 Excavated: Traill 1870-1 Principle references: Traill 1890 Brief description: Complex Atlantic roundhouse with outworks Human remains: One broken mandible with worn teeth found in broch interior Dating evidence: Structure Middle Iron Age 397 Location of human remains: Lost 12. Green Hill of Quoyness NMRS number: HY20SW 7 National grid reference: HY 2500 0284 Excavated: Unknown 1887 Principle references: Cursiter 1923 Brief description: Broch tower Human remains: ‘Two or three cists with bones of three bodies but only one skull were found at the top of the mound’ (Cursiter 1923: 51) Dating evidence: Structure Middle Iron Age Location of human remains: Lost 13. Gurness (Aikerness) NMRS number: HY32NE 5.00 National grid reference: HY 3817 2685 Excavated: Craw and Richardson 1929-39 Principle references: Hedges et al. 1987b Brief description: Broch tower, surrounding ‘village’ and outworks Human remains: Many fragmentary human remains including some partially articulated, most unstratified. One mandible found in outbuilding passage, several remains found among structures to south west of broch, and vertebrae found in ditch Dating evidence: Structure Middle