HOLT McDOUGAL LITERATURE Language Handbook Additional Practice in Grammar, Usage, and Mechanics GRADE 10 000i_TX_L10LH.indd0i_TX_L10LH.indd i 66/3/09/3/09 111:13:111:13:11 PMPM TX_L10LH_FM 6/1/09 6:22 PM Page ii Cover Hand © QJU/Shutterstock; white board Chris Cigliano/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individuals using the corresponding student's textbook or kit as the major vehicle for regular classroom instruction to photocopy copying masters from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. 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TX_L10LH_FM 6/1/09 6:22 PM Page iii Table of Contents To the Teacher . ix Language Handbook 1 The Parts of Speech Worksheet 1 Identifying Common and Proper Nouns and Proper Adjectives . 1 Worksheet 2 Identifying and Using Pronouns . 2 Worksheet 3 Recognizing and Labeling Verbs . 3 Worksheet 4 Identifying and Using Adverbs . 4 Worksheet 5 Identifying Prepositions, Prepositional Phrases, and Adverbs . 5 Worksheet 6 Identifying and Using Conjunctions and Interjections . 6 Worksheet 7 Determining the Parts of Speech . 7 Worksheet 8 Test . 8 Language Handbook 2 Agreement Worksheet 1 Making Subjects and Verbs Agree . 9 Worksheet 2 Using Correct Subject-Verb Agreement . 11 Worksheet 3 Ensuring Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns and Compound Subjects . 12 Worksheet 4 Ensuring Subject and Verb Agreement . 13 Worksheet 5 Ensuring Agreement When the Verb Precedes the Subject . 15 Worksheet 6 More Subject-Verb Agreement Problems . 16 Worksheet 7 Ensuring Agreement Between Pronouns and Antecedents . 17 Worksheet 8 Using Correct Pronouns with Antecedents . 18 Worksheet 9 Test . 19 Language Handbook 3 Using Verbs Worksheet 1 Using Irregular Verbs Correctly . 21 Worksheet 2 Using the Past and Past Participles of Irregular Verbs . 22 © Harcourt Publishing Company Houghton Mifflin Worksheet 3 Distinguishing Between Lie and Lay and Sit and Set . 23 Table of Contents iii TX_L10LH_FM 6/1/09 6:22 PM Page iv Worksheet 4 Distinguishing Between Rise and Raise, Lie and Lay, and Sit and Set . 24 Worksheet 5 Writing the Correct Verb Tense . 25 Worksheet 6 Avoiding Needless Changes in Tense . 27 Worksheet 7 Using Active and Passive Voice . 28 Worksheet 8 Test . 29 Language Handbook 4 Using Pronouns Worksheet 1 Using the Nominative Case . 30 Worksheet 2 Using the Objective Case . 31 Worksheet 3 Using Pronouns in Pairs . 32 Worksheet 4 Classifying Pronouns by Case, Person, and Number . 33 Worksheet 5 Special Pronoun Problems . 34 Worksheet 6 Ensuring Clear Pronoun Reference . 35 Worksheet 7 Test . 36 Language Handbook 5 Using Modifiers Worksheet 1 Choosing Between Adjectives and Adverbs . 38 Worksheet 2 Using Modifiers with Linking Verbs . 39 Worksheet 3 Using Different Forms of Modifiers to Show Comparison . 40 Worksheet 4 Using Different Forms of Modifiers to Show Comparison . 41 Worksheet 5 Using Modifiers in Comparisons . 42 Worksheet 6 Avoiding Double Negatives . 43 Worksheet 7 Avoiding Dangling Modifiers . 44 Worksheet 8 Avoiding Misplaced Modifiers . 45 Worksheet 9 Revising Misplaced Modifiers . 46 Worksheet 10 Test . 47 Language Handbook 6 Phrases Worksheet 1 Identifying Prepositional Phrases . 49 © Harcourt Publishing Company Houghton Mifflin Worksheet 2 Using and Identifying Adjective Phrases . 50 Worksheet 3 Using and Identifying Adverb Phrases . 51 Worksheet 4 Identifying Participles and Participial Phrases . 52 iv Table of Contents TX_L10LH_FM 6/1/09 6:22 PM Page v Worksheet 5 Identifying Gerunds, Gerund Phrases, Infinitives, and Infinitive Phrases . 53 Worksheet 6 Identifying Gerunds, Gerund Phrases, Infinitives, Infinitive Phrases, and Infinitive Clauses . 54 Worksheet 7 Identifying Appositives and Appositive Phrases . 55 Worksheet 8 Test . 56 Language Handbook 7 Clauses Worksheet 1 Identifying Independent and Subordinate Clauses . 58 Worksheet 2 Identifying Adjective Clauses . 59 Worksheet 3 Identifying and Using Adverb Clauses . 60 Worksheet 4 Using Adverb Clauses . 61 Worksheet 5 Identifying Noun Clauses . 62 Worksheet 6 Identifying Clauses . 63 Worksheet 7 Test . 64 Language Handbook 8 Sentence Structure Worksheet 1 Identifying Sentences and Fragments . 67 Worksheet 2 Identifying Subjects and Predicates . 68 Worksheet 3 Identifying and Using Compound Subjects and Compound Verbs . 69 Worksheet 4 Finding the Subject and the Predicate of a Sentence . 70 Worksheet 5 Identifying and Using Complements . 71 Worksheet 6 Identifying Direct and Indirect Objects . 72 Worksheet 7 Classifying Sentences by Purpose . 73 Worksheet 8 Recognizing Simple, Compound, Complex, and Compound-Complex Sentences . 74 Worksheet 9 Test . 75 Language Handbook 9 Writing Complete Sentences Worksheet 1 Identifying Sentence Fragments . 78 © Harcourt Publishing Company Houghton Mifflin Worksheet 2 Identifying and Correcting Sentence Fragments . 79 Worksheet 3 Making Complete Sentences . 80 Worksheet 4 Identifying and Revising Run-on Sentences . 81 Table of Contents v TX_L10LH_FM 6/1/09 6:22 PM Page vi Worksheet 5 Test . 83 Language Handbook 10 Writing Effective Sentences Worksheet 1 Using Adjectives,Adverbs, and Prepositional Phrases to Combine Sentences . 85 Worksheet 2 Using Participial Phrases to Combine Sentences . 86 Worksheet 3 Using Participial Phrases to Combine Sentences . 87 Worksheet 4 Using Participial Phrases to Combine Sentences . 88 Worksheet 5 Using Appositives and Appositive Phrases to Combine Sentences . 89 Worksheet 6 Using Appositives and Appositive Phrases to Combine Sentences . 90 Worksheet 7 Using Subjects,Verbs, and Independent Clauses to Combine Sentences . 91 Worksheet 8 Using Subjects,Verbs, and Independent Clauses to Combine Sentences . 92 Worksheet 9 Using Adjective Clauses to Combine Sentences . 93 Worksheet 10 Using Adjective Clauses to Combine Sentences . 94 Worksheet 11 Using Adverb Clauses to Combine Sentences . 95 Worksheet 12 Using Noun Clauses to Combine Sentences . 96 Worksheet 13 Using Parallel Structure . 97 Worksheet 14 Rewriting Stringy and Wordy Sentences . 99 Worksheet 15 Varying Sentence Structures and Sentence Beginnings . 101 Worksheet 16 Test . 102 Language Handbook 11 Capitalization Worksheet 1 Using Capital Letters Correctly . 106 Worksheet 2 Capitalizing Proper Nouns, School Subjects, and Titles . 107 Worksheet 3 Using Capitals Correctly . 108 Worksheet 4 Test . 110 Language Handbook 12 Punctuation © Harcourt Publishing Company Houghton Mifflin Worksheet 1 Using End Marks . 111 Worksheet 2 Using Commas in Series . 112 vi Table of Contents TX_L10LH_FM 6/1/09 6:22 PM Page vii Worksheet 3 Using Commas to Separate Adjectives and to Join Independent Clauses . 113 Worksheet 4 Using Commas to Distinguish Essential from Nonessential Clauses . 114 Worksheet 5 Using Commas . 116 Worksheet 6 Using Commas Correctly . 118 Worksheet 7 Using Commas, Semicolons, and Colons . 119 Worksheet 8 Test . 121 Language Handbook 13 Punctuation Worksheet 1 Using Italics . 124 Worksheet 2 Punctuating Direct Quotations . 125 Worksheet 3 Punctuating Split Quotations . 127 Worksheet 4 Punctuating Dialogue . 129 Worksheet 5 Using Quotation Marks . 130 Worksheet 6 Test . 131 Language Handbook 14 Punctuation Worksheet 1 Using Apostrophes to Form Possessives . 134 Worksheet 2 Placing Apostrophes . 135 Worksheet 3 Identifying Where Apostrophes Are Needed . 136 Worksheet 4 Using Apostrophes in Possessives and in Contractions . 137 Worksheet 5 Using Apostrophes for Contractions . 138 Worksheet 6 Hyphens, Dashes, and Parentheses . 139 Worksheet 7 Test . 140 Language Handbook 15 Spelling Worksheet 1 Using Word Parts . 143 Worksheet 2 Using Spelling Rules . 144 Worksheet 3 Adding Prefixes and Suffixes . 145 Worksheet 4 Forming Plurals of Nouns . 146 Worksheet 5 Forming Plurals of Nouns . 147 © Harcourt Publishing Company Houghton Mifflin Worksheet 6 Test . 148 Table of Contents vii TX_L10LH_FM 6/1/09 6:22 PM Page viii Language Handbook 16 Glossary of Usage Worksheet 1 Common Usage Problems . 150 Worksheet 2 Common Usage Problems . 151 Worksheet 3 Test . 152 © Harcourt Publishing Company Houghton Mifflin viii Table of Contents TX_L10LH_FM 6/4/09 1:51 AM Page ix To the Teacher his booklet, Language Handbook, contains practice and reinforcement Tcopying masters that cover the material presented in the Grammar Handbook section of the Student Edition.The worksheets reinforce the grammar, usage, and mechanics rules and instruction covered in the Grammar Handbook.Tests at the end of each section can be used either for assessment or as end-of-section reviews. A separate Answer Key for the Language Handbook provides answers or suggested responses to all items in this booklet..