60 Willem Janszoon BLAEU (1571-1638). Pascaarte van alle de Zécuften van EUROPA. Nieulycx befchreven door Willem Ianfs. Blaw. Men vintfe te coop tot Amsterdam, Op't Water inde vergulde Sonnewÿser. [Amsterdam, 1621 or later, but before 1650] 687x868mm. Copper engraving on parchment, coloured by a contemporary hand. Cropped, as usual, on the neat line, to the right cut about 5mm into the printed area. The imprint is on places somewhat weaker and /or ink has been faded out. One small hole (1,7x1,4cm.) in lower part, inland of Russia. As often, the parchment is wavy, with light water staining, usual staining and surface dust. First state of two. The title and imprint appear in a cartouche, crowned by the printer's mark of Willem Jansz Blaeu [INDEFESSVS AGENDO], at the center of the lower border. Scale cartouches appear in four corners of the chart, and richly decorated coats of arms have been engraved in the interior. The chart is oriented to the west. It shows the seacoasts of Europe from Novaya Zemlya and the Gulf of Sydra in the east, and the Azores and the west coast of Greenland in the west. In the north the chart extends to the northern coast of Spitsbergen, and in the south to the Canary Islands. The eastern part of the Mediterranean id included in the North African interior. The chart is printed on parchment and coloured by a contemporary hand. The colours red and green and blue still present, other colours faded. An intriguing line in green colour, 34 cm long and about 3mm bold is running offshore the Norwegian coast all the way south of Greenland, and closely following Tara Polar Arctic Circle ! Blaeu's chart greatly influenced other Amsterdam publisher's. Anthonie Jacobsz, for example, published an extremely accurate copy about 1650, Justus Danckerts even included Blaeu's printer’s mark, while the chart published by Blaeu's grandchildren Willem, Pieter and Joan, also strongly resembles it. A second state of the map was published by Pieter Goos, with an updated address "By Pieter Goos Op't Water". Goos was active at this address from 1650-66 and the present map must have been published in between 1621 and 1650. Eight other complete copies on parchment and one on paper of the first state are located by prof. Schilder. (Schilder, Monumenta Cartographica Neerlandica, IV, 45.1 ) In France only the BNF processes a complete copy on parchment and one fragment of this chart. This chart was unknown to Wieder (1925- 1933) and Keunig (1973). Interestingly, Johannes Vermeer used this chart (or the state by Goos) on his painting The geographer ( 1669) now in Städel Museum, Frankfurt, Germany. The ratio is not the same and a compass rose has been added in the Atlantic Ocean, however it is clear he was inspired by this chart. Wall maps where popular decorations to be found in the homes of wealthy 17 th century merchants. Ref. Schilder, Monumenta Cartographica Neerlandica, IV, 45.1.; Denucé (1927) p.8; Catalogue des cartes nautiques (1963) p.313: Stopp & Langel (1974) p.33 and Tafel VI, Schilder (1976c) p.18 en fig 7. 50 000 / 60 000 Important Dutch Sea Atlases offered for sale Friday 16 and Saturday 17 July 2010 CITADELLE VAUBAN – BELLE-ÎLE-EN-MER An introduction to the lots 60, 62, 63, 64, 71 Dutch Maritime Cartography The Golden Age of Dutch Maritime Cartography that was inaugurated by Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer (1586) found its fullest expression during the seventeenth century with the production of atlases in Amsterdam by Willem Blaeu (1627), Pieter Goos (16662) and Van Keulen’s (c.1700). This auction offers excellent representative copies of all of these sea atlases, originating from the collection of the Musée de la Citadelle Vauban . Extended with a most important English sea atlas by Samuel Thornton (1711) and a magnificent chart on parchment of Europe by Willem Blaeu (1621-1650). Descriptions made by Béatrice Loeb-Larocque (expert en atlas & cartes géographiques anciennes). In the first navigational books we find only directions for navigation in the North Sea, off the French coast and in the Baltic. Waghenaer's Spieghel der Zeevaerdt of 1584 perfects these sailing directions, adds for the first time charts to them and extends them to the Canary Islands and to the coasts of England, Norway and Russia. Waghenaer lived in Enkhuizen, a fishing-port that enjoyed enormous economic growth in his lifetime. He started his carrier as a seafaring pilot until 1579 when he started preparing his chart-book. Life was expensive at that time and his large family of eight children was a burden. The cutting of the plates cost Waghenaer a great deal of money and he was constantly seeking loans and having to accept small jobs. His friend and counsellor François Maelson probably put him in touch with the Leyden printer Plantijn, in the introduction to the second part of the Spieghel der Zeevaerdt, Waghenaer calls Maelson, 'the man who stood at my side with regards to this work both in words and in deed'. In the spring of 1583, the first part of the Spieghel der Zeevaerdt went to press in Plantijn's recently established printing house in Leiden. With Baptist and Johannes van Deutecum's fine copper engravings this was a handsome edition, worthy of the name of Plantijn. On 23 December 1583 a copy was delivered to Abraham Ortelius. Another splendidly bound copy was presented to Prince William of Orange. The first part of the Spieghel der Zeevaerdt was first printed in 1583 and reprinted four times in the first two years. The second volume was first printed in 1585. The first Latin edition was published in 1586. A French edition appeared in 1590. After 1591, when Cornelis Claesz. from Amsterdam had taken over the privilege, the Spieghel der Zeevaerdt no longer sold very well. Waghenaers Spieghel surpassed his original intentions and was too big and too expensive for the ordinary seaman. (In 1584 the first volume of the Spieghel der Zeevaerdt was sold for 4 guilders. The Theatrum by Ortelius was sold for 12 guilders, which is proportional, because it contained three times s many maps.) Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer, he revised and corrected the old sailing directions, re-calculated the astronomical tables and set a new standard for future sea atlases. 62 WAGHENAER, Lucas Janszoon. (c. 1534 - c. 1606) (Speculum nauticum). (Lugduni Batavorum Excudebat typis Plantinianus Franciscus Raphelengius, pro Ioannis Aurigario, 1586). FIRST EDITION IN LATIN of this landmark contribution to the science of navigation. 2 parts in one volume. Folio, contemp. gilt-stamped brown calf binding, raised gilt spine. First part starting with the title page of the second part. Dedication leaf to Queen Elizabeth and the “Ad lectorem” are missing as often is the case for this edition, according to Koeman. 36 pages of text, including 3 full-page illustrations; including Organum Uranicum,(p.17) with volvelle and scale pointer (with small tear in volvelle, 1/4 of the volvelle missing, paper carefully re-inforced and redrawn). The first 10 text pages , and some of the last pages have light browing and are washed, with marginal paper restorations. The map of Europe remargined, newly mounted, and with tear of 20cm. in center fold, which can easily be restored. Binding with some smaller restorations. The blank begin and end papers are replaced. The 45 double-page charts show shorelines and landmarks along the coasts from Cadiz into the Baltic and the east coasts of England and Scotland. The copper plates are signed by the master engravers Baptist and Johannes van Deutecum. This is the first Latin edition of the first and second parts of the Spieghel, printed at the Plantijn press by Fransiscus Raphelengius, Chr. Plantijn's son-in-law. It was translated into Latin by Martin Everart. The first part contains 22 charts. Chart [23] in the 1584 edition appears here as chart [1] of the second part, where the charts have signatures in Roman numerals. The chart of Europe is state (a), the other charts are in state (b), with small alterations and often Waghenaer's name omitted. Chart 19 in the second part appears for the first time. The second part is dedicated to King Frederick II of Denmark and Norway. Our copy corresponds with Koeman's description Atlantes Neerlandici, vol.IV, Wag 5A. The extremely decorative gilt-stamped binding and rich colouring of the charts indicates that the atlas was likely a Plantijn's deluxe publisher copy. E. Cockx-Indestege & Jan Storm van Leeuwen are showing in their publication "Blind bestempeld en rijk verguld; boekbanden uit zes eeuwen in het Museum Plantijn-Moretus. (Antwerpen 2005) on page 129 a misal (Missale Romanum…Antwerpen, Plantijn 1586) with the same corner decoration and central decorarion as this Waghenaer atlas. On page 131 we find the same center decoration at (Officium b. maria Virginis… Antwerpen 1591). A splendidly bound copy was presented by Waghenaer in December 1583 to Prince William of Orange (now in Utrecht University Library) . Binding Lot 62 in Piasa auction of 16 July 2010. Binding of copy presented to William of Orange, in 1583, now in Utrecht University Library. The Netherlands Reference: Koeman, Atlantes Neerlandici, vol.IV; Phillips 3980 (lacking prelims); Scheepvaert Museum p. 44 (lacking one prelim). Eva G.R. Taylor, Lucas Janszoon Waghenaer: a sixteenth century marine cartographer. 60 000 / 80 000 Willem Janszoon Blaeu does not owe his reputation as the great innovator of Dutch marine cartography to his Licht der Zeevaert (1608) alone, but no less so to his Zeespiegel, first published in 1623, which can likewise be regarded as a new concept in the category of pilot books.