Slovak Regional Study Analysis on the energy demand of Trnava Region under the framework of CENTRAL EUROPE Programme by Italian – Slovak Chamber of Commerce This analysis was made as a part of CEP -REC project work package 3 to giv e an overview on the Slovak Trnava Region’s energy demand profile. Table of contents Methodology ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. General description of the current situation of the region ......................................................... 3 1.1 Description of the Concept Region ............................................................................................... 3 1.2 Demographic situation and development ................................................................................. 5 1.2.1 Demographic situation of the Concept Region ..................................................................... 5 1.2.2 Migration ........................................................................................................................................ 8 1.2.3 Households .................................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Economic situation and trends ................................................................................................... 12 1.3.1 General description of the economic situation of Trnava Region ......................... 12 1.3.2 Detailed description of industry and trade sector ...................................................... 14 1.3.3 Detailed description of the situation of the energy sector ....................................... 15 1.4 Situation of the public sector ....................................................................................................... 17 1.5 Situation of the transportation sector ...................................................................................... 18 2. Legislative situation ................................................................................................................................ 21 3. RES situation .............................................................................................................................................. 22 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................... 25 List of tables Table 1 : Average temperature and precipitation in Trnava ................................................................... 4 Table 2: The total number of the inhabitants on 31. 12. 2011 in all the Trnava Self - Governing Region’s districts ................................................................................................................................................ 6 Table 3: Population by age group .................................................................................................................. 8 Table 4: Households by form of ownership ................................................................................................ 9 Table 5 : Households by number of rooms, 2011 .................................................................................... 10 Table 6: Households by size of living space in m 2 .................................................................................. 11 Table 7: Households by type of heating, 2011 ........................................................................................ 11 Table 8: Households by sources of energy used for heating, 2011 .................................................... 12 Table 9: Regional Gross Domestic Product .............................................................................................. 13 Table 10: The most important companies in Trnava Region by industry sectors in 2012 .......... 14 Table 11: Energy end use consumption: kWh per capita, from not renewable sources ............... 16 Table 12: Energy end use consumption: kWh per capita, from renewable sources ...................... 16 Table 13: Consumption of electricity and heat in Trnava Region ...................................................... 16 Table 14: Bus companies of Trnava Region ....................................................................................... 19 Table 15: Motorisation - Private cars per 1000 habitants ................................................................... 20 1 Methodology The European Commission provides statistics through Eurostat. Information related to population, education, economy and finance, etc. is available on the webpage of the organisation. Nevertheless, not all information is available at NUTS level 3. In most cases we can find only national or NUTS 2 regional data on migration, households, unemployment etc. Thus to elaborate the Slovakian regional study which aim is to provide a complex and comprehensive report for the future investors and for the local government on the energy demand of public and transportation sector, as well as industry, we had to gather information through additional channels. Besides the Eurostat’s database and another important and useful source was the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. At the same time we executed a primary research to collect original primary data on the energy demand side. It was accomplished through a questionnaire sent for the relevant stakeholders. The collected territorial data on energy consumption including electricity, gas, and heat were not entirely sufficient for a comprehensive analysis. Nevertheless, residential energy demand can be analysed deeply using top-down approach, but in the case of the analysed region it is impossible to provide particular data for industrial-commercial and public sectors since the existing databases do not operate with this kind of categories. Therefore top-down investigation can provide a detailed overview of non-residential demand, but to understand the differences between the sectors it is necessary to disintegrate data. Quantitative and qualitative investigation of some representative entities of different sectors can reveal their energy demand character. 2 1. General description of the current situation of the region 1.1 Description of the Concept Region Trnava Region (in Slovakian: Trnavsky kraj) is a NUTS level 3, administrative region that was established in 1996. This region is located in the middle-west part of Slovakia with the following borders: Austrian Lower Austria and Czech South Moravian Region in the north-west, Trenčín Region in the north, Nitra Region in the east, Hungarian Győr-Moson-Sopron county in the south and Bratislava Region in the west. The southern part of the region, the Podunajská nížina (Danube lowlands), is divided from the Záhorská nížina (Záhorie lowlands) in the north by the Malé Karpaty (Small Carpathian) mountains. There are several rivers in the region, the Morava in the west, the Váh in the centrethe Malý Dunaj and the Danube in the south. 1 Figure 1A and 1B: Location of Trnava Region in Slovakia 2 The total area of the region is 4,174.2 km 2, its average elevation is 342 m, coordinates 48°22 ′39 ″N 17°35 ′18 ″E. It consists of 7 districts and there are 249 independent municipalities, from which 16 have town status. The largest towns are Trnava, Piešťany, Hlohovec, Dunajská Streda and Sereď. The capital of the region is Trnava which has often been called “parva Roma” (“Little Rome”) or Slovak Rome since it is the seat of a Roman Catholic archbishopric. Figure 2: Districts of Trnava Region 3 1 http://www.slovakia.culturalprofiles.net/?id=2996 2 http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Slovakia_trnava_skalica.png ; http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Slovakia_regions_english.png 3 http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Okres_trnava.png 3 The city is in the centre of the region and it lies in the north temperate zone. According to this it has a continental climate with four distinct seasons. 4 Table 1: Average temperature and precipitation in Trnava Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average high (°C) 2 5 10 16 22 25 27 27 21 15 8 3 15.08 Average low (°C) -4 -3 0 4 9 12 14 14 10 6 2 -3 5.75 Precipitation (m m) 25.4 25.5 32.6 43.5 49 67 68.8 58.8 54.5 44.9 42.9 36.5 549.4 Data from: www.worldweatheronline.com 5 “The Trnava region has rich resources of mineral and thermal water, such as the hot springs at Piešťany, and of fresh water on Žitný Ostrov, which is the largest source of drinking water in Central Europe. It also has deposits of oil, natural gas and coal, while the Small Carpathian mountain range is a source of high-quality wood.” 6 The access to the region and its cities is very easy by car thanks to the motorway D1 and R1. Figure 3: Map of Slovak roads 7 4 http://www.slovakia.culturalprofiles.net/?id=3116 5 http://www.worldweatheronline.com/Trnava-weather-averages/Trnava/SK.aspx 6 http://www.slovakia.culturalprofiles.net/?id=2996 7http://maps.google.hu/?ie=UTF8&vpsrc=6&source=embed&ll=48.407326,19.02832&spn=2.552628,4.6 69189&z=7 4 1.2 Demographic situation and development 1.2.1 Demographic situation of the Concept Region The total population of Slovakia was around 5,4 million, the population of Trnava Region was 554.800 in 2011. Distribution of the population in Slovakia ( NUTS 3), 2011 Bratislava 15% 11% TRNAVA 10% Trencin 15% Nitra 11% Zilina 12% 13% Banská Bystrica 13% Presov Kosice Data from: Eurostat 8 In terms of