PREFACE ’ h nr n Tms editionof t e dine sce e atTrimd chio s house, . inthe ati r of Pe r niu i u nth anepisode S ae to s, s b ased po e li h Buchel r I v i nll text as estab s ed by e . ha e occas o a y d d from hi readi ns utonl as a rule h re h eparte s g , b y, , w e e h l w dou other n l r din imse f as in b t, and co jectura ea gs oul m i h ualor r ter lausib ilit In he c d b e ade w t eq g ea p y. t preparationof mycommenta ry I have b eenunder special ’ ob ligationnot only to Friedlander s editionof the Gena M malchionis and th r vie of th sam articularl , e e ws e e, p y inthe Berliner P hilologische Wochenschrafi and the Classi l ca R evi ew, b ut also to the valuab le contrib uti ons on the language of Petronius inthe Archiv f ar Lateinischs Lexioo h H r or hi om ri n th h grap ie, to e aeus f s c pa so s wi t e a us l ri tto for th com r ti ve C m G ossa orum, and to O e pa a stud of num r u ul to Po r ni I y e o s redenaartenpec iar to us. am also indeb ted to professors inthe Latindepartments of Columb ia University for veryvaluab le suggestions and assi stance inth r n f m n r ll e p eparati o o the com e ta y, as we as inthe re i r ading of a cons derab le porti onof the p oof. I must express my specialob ligati onto Professor Peck Ill PREFACE m and to Professor Lod e for the for his helpfulcriti cis s, g kindness he has showninpermitting me the full and r imes free use of hi s large lib ra y atallt . The Gena Trimalchionis is fai rly enti tled to a place of inthe stud of Romanlife and lite prominence y rature. Itreveals ani rnportant side of life inthe early years of ur r inalli na r lness d i h u o e a, ts tua an w t perfecttr thful ne s and is to thatexten f h v lu h l s , to t e same a e as t e p ays P u or the Le r n of la tus tters of Cice o. The ame of Petro nius has b eenanathema to a large numb er of Latin h l sc o ars, b utinthe Gena his puritac is no longer imp a h rissima, and what e discloses there concerning the lan ua e life and custom of v ueni l r i onof g g , , s a ery infl ta po t Italiansociety inthe closing years of the Repub lic and atthe dawnof the Empi re makes pleasantand valuab le readin e i ll l g, spec a y as it supp ements informati ongath ered from i nscri tions or f m omed h e p , ro C y and t e po ts and rose ri ters of h ri of P tron m t e p w t e pe od e i us, or fro h di scoveries whi ch have b eenand are stillb eing continu all made i n v i y the exca ations at Pompe i . By far the greater portionof the text of the Gena rests uonone m t aln h x p anuscrip o e, t e Code T ragurien is H s ( ) . Inthis editionthat portioni s set inRoman t e. Where the text re ts ho ever m yp s , w , uponthis sa e manuscri t and the a r honof S i r ll the p pog ap calge , ca ed Codex ni li h l Th Lside s Ita cs ave beenem o ed. e s (L), p y portionsetinb lack- faced typo rests uponother manu INTRODUCTION. ' m s IN RELATI ON r o Em ma Warrens or I . Par ao v ' an H rsroar AN D Rom ce. A story well told can find its ready hearers ; of none canthi s prob ab ly b e said with greater truth than of the tale of exciting and varied adventure which fills s e nd w heard b the li stenin r k i h the Ody s y, a as y g G ee w t silent wonder and pride as the rhapsodist chanted and recited from the greatpoem at the city or national fes The less m thical b ut extremel romanti c and ti vals. y y nin i ri f H e wh h l entertai g h sto es o rodotus, o ad himse f andered uite as idel as the Ithacan had i i w q w y , a s m ‘ h o h e of r l i lar c arm. And th ug th age Pe ic es saw n one hi stori n Thuc dide an un ervin re r for a , y s, sw g ga d truth and cri tical accurac etfor the reeks hi r y, y G , sto y, es eciall that of forei nnations and remote untrie p y g co s, remained sub stanti ally the province for more or less of r mantic and rhe ri cal r tmen K i n o to tea t. tes as a d Xeno phon had filled the minds of their countrymenwi th curious tales oncernin P r i d A e r c g e s a ; an th nianorato s, expati ating atfestivals and onmemori aldays uponthe t lori e o pas g s f Greece, were taming records of events 1 Com r fo pa e, r m is ple, the story told of the emotionwhich Thu id in cyd ss b etrayed while listen g, ona certainoccasion, to the Paths: ’ of Histor himself. M llinns W nn lo srcs uin rm B . y ( , . ests s s g 0m . 19s a 3 ; sss Guides. under m y.) vii ' ' n viii m rnonucrro . m h r into tales of romance, uc afte the fashionof modern r D of Colo hon author of a com endiou orato s. einnn p , p s to ersia hich has b eenlost w r l n accoun f P , w , as p ob ab y o e of these many hi stori ans whose style was rheto ri cal ntertainm ur o e w e ent. T hi on li and whose p p s as o s s , C hi oun ma hav serve model f tarchus, t s acc t y e d as a ; or hi s talentas anhistori anof forcible descripti ve powers is ’ rai ed ther thanhi s re ard for truth and accurac p s , ra g y. We have ituponthe authority of Cicero that thi s Cli tarchus was anauthor who was read with speci al pleas ure b the Roman hi stori an Cornelius Sisenna and y _ , ni l flun uon him th exerted co s derab e in e ce p . As to e of hi influen there i s re on f r lievin nature t s ce, as o b e g ‘ hu h m l xaner h that Clitarc s, w o A e d t e Great had taken with him onhis Persiancampaignfor the purpose of reco n its hi stor w a riter not onl rhetori l rdi g y, as w y ca inhi s st le b ut stronl inclined to romancin that y , g y g ; 3 ’ i t t . Deinons history of Pers a ex ended o the year 340 nc. , the date of the conquestof Egyptb y Artaxerxes Ill. l b r i . Quint. x. l, 74: C itarchi pro atu ingenium, fldes inamatur ‘ “ i Cieero, De leg ions, i . 2 : S sauna eius amicus omnes adhuc no u nt ub t sttos scriptores, nisi qui forte nond m edideru , de qi us exi s imare vi t. m nn u nonpossumus, facile supera Is ta e eqe orator innumero uam est b i tu stinhistoria uerile uiddam consectatur vestre unq ha s p g , at nnum Clitarchum neque praeterea quemquam de Graecis legless ll u timi u videatur. sum tamenve e d mtaxa tari ; qem si adsequi pom t, aliquantum ab optumo tamenab esset. ’ Compare Cicero s criticism of Sisenna, Brutus, 228. Clitarchus was a nati ve of Megan; b e attended Alexander on i Em i r w t ut r o H his invasionof the Pers an p e, and as he a ho f a istory, intwelve b ooks, terminating with th e b attle of lpsus. He also wrote n n te X rx a history of Persia, coveri g the period b efore a d af r e es. As n to his historical accuracy. cf. Cicero , Brutus, 42 : Co csssum est i t rhetorib usmsntirlinh storlis, utaliquid dicere possin argutius ; ut a i de nomi I INTRODUCTION . m nue t f artha an h ll rinth Fro the co qs o C ge d t e fa of Co , re exi te inRome a ro in hilhelleni ri rac the s d g w g p c a stoc y, delighted b y the refined ci vili z ation and entertaining i f re fond o li nin th i e f lterature o G ece, f ste g to e ep sod s o the Odyssey and witnessing the comedies of Diphilus and r T ren d l utu uh h m u n Menande , as e ce an P a s b ro g t t e po h ta In e tim of S isenna ho ever man of t e s ge.