THE HANDBOOK FOR INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN TRANSBOUNDARY BASINS OF RIVERS, LAKES AND AQUIFERS March 2012 GWP / INBO The drafting of this handbook was coordinated by The French Development Agency gave advice, did Christophe Brachet and Daniel Valensuela of the proofreading and financed the translation and International Office for Water (Permanent publication of this handbook. Technical Secretariat of the International Network of Basin Organizations) in partnership with The English translation was provided by Gisèle Patricia Wouters (GWP Technical Committee and Sine (IOWater/INBO). Dundee UNESCO-HELP Centre), Nataliya NIKIFOROVA (UNECE), Jose Luis Martin Bordes, The handbook can be downloaded from the Alice Aureli, Raya Marina Stephan, Neno Kukuric following websites: (UNESCO), Ivan Zavadsky (GEF) and Elisa Vargas Amelin (EVREN). www.inbo-news.org www.gwp.org The case studies were collected through INBO www.iowater.org and GWP networks, and from examples provided by the partners. Published in 2012. Traduction : Gisèle Sine. Mise en page et design : Scriptoria, FGgraphic/Franck Guihard. ISBN : 978-91-85321-85-8 (March 2012). THE HANDBOOK FOR INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN TRANSBOUNDARY BASINS OF RIVERS, LAKES AND AQUIFERS www. inbo-news .org | www. gwp .org TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6 ACRONYMS ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................7-8 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 1.1 Context .................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 1.2 How to use this Handbook .................................................................................................................................................................9 1.3 Key concepts and definitions ........................................................................................................................................................10 2 Establishing transboundary cooperation for water resources management .................................................15 2.1 Interstate Political Will ........................................................................................................................................................................15 2.2 International Water Law - Conventions ................................................................................................................................22 2.3 International Water Law – How it works .............................................................................................................................28 2.4 Legal agreements as foundations for transboundary water resource management .....................30 3 Governance of transboundary River Basin Organizations ...............................................................................................39 3.1. Types of organizations ........................................................................................................................................................................39 3.2. Types of functions of transboundary basin organizations ...................................................................................44 3.3 Operation of transboundary basin organizations .........................................................................................................46 4 Information Systems and transboundary monitoring ..........................................................................................................51 4.1 Stakes related to information systems .................................................................................................................................51 4.2 Methodology for implementation of information systems ..................................................................................52 4.3 Some types of transboundary information systems .................................................................................................57 4.4 Flood warning systems ......................................................................................................................................................................61 4.5 Performance Indicators .....................................................................................................................................................................63 5 Integrated management of transboundary aquifers ..............................................................................................................67 5.1 Joint management of surface and ground waters ......................................................................................................67 5.2 UN Resolution on Transboundary Aquifer Management .......................................................................................69 5.3 Application of the UNECE Water Convention to groundwaters ........................................................................70 6 Stakeholders’ participation at transboundary level ..............................................................................................................73 6.1 Identification and representativeness of stakeholders ............................................................................................73 6.2 Participation at transboundary level .......................................................................................................................................75 6.3 Public consultations ..............................................................................................................................................................................77 7 Strategy and planning in transboundary basins .......................................................................................................................79 7.1 Transboundary diagnostic analysis ..........................................................................................................................................79 7.2 Transboundary planning tools ......................................................................................................................................................81 7.3 Transboundary master plan ............................................................................................................................................................83 7.4 Planning of investments ....................................................................................................................................................................85 7.5 Implementation and follow-up .....................................................................................................................................................86 7.6 Climate change and water-related risks ...............................................................................................................................86 8 Financing of transboundary basin organizations .....................................................................................................................89 8.1 Various systems for financing transboundary basin organizations .............................................................90 8.2 Contribution from the Member States to the basin organization ...................................................................91 8.3 Access to regional community funds ....................................................................................................................................92 8.4 Tax of the “user-polluter / pays” kind ....................................................................................................................................93 8.5 Payment for project management performed by the transboundary basin organization ..................94 8.6 Payment for services provided ....................................................................................................................................................95 9 Transboundary challenges ............................................................................................................................................................................97 9.1 Inland navigation .....................................................................................................................................................................................97 9.2 Transboundary hydraulic infrastructures ............................................................................................................................99 9.3 Ecosystems, climate change and green infrastructure ........................................................................................102 10 Capacity Building and Development ................................................................................................................................................107