
<p>x</p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">r s nt </li><li style="flex:1">I continu il ustration </li></ul><p>influ nc of N Aryan East upon H llas a subj ct which hav discuss d in by inv stigation of a articular rsonag and pisod trust that this study will bring into still cl ar r romin nc fact that arl st and at sam tim most important links b tw n ast st subj ct is also <br>Po ms constitut of in strict continuation of my prior mythological s arch s and as I hav al ady tr at d s pa at y of Sun ion sos oon in and tars in and so in m th of Kirk two h av nly rotagonists ill a ar in clos conn xion alik ith </p><p>ac oth r and ith st llar host As pr viously sta d such inv stigations int nd d to </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">butions </li><li style="flex:1">and highly important study of </li></ul><p>arc aic psychology mighty ha p of Hom r is h ptach rd <br>Po ms r s lv th ms lv s into a s v nfold asp ct which may d not d by t rms R ligion logy Folklor Archa logy History Humanity and Linguistic and v ry f om last word upon any th s divisions Inv stigators </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">chos this or that branch of </li><li style="flex:1">study in accord </li></ul><p>anc wit th ir tast s and opp rtuniti s works with spad anoth r historically at d ciph rm nt a third on lin s of linguistic sci nc a fou th upon hos of comparativ myth logy th s lab urs truly valuabl va ious subj cts </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">int rtwin and int rp n t at </li><li style="flex:1">goal will </li></ul><p>ach d but is not and m anwhil hall ll to r cogniz importanc of car ful and sci ntific ort in v ry portion of fi ld </p><p>uch of a st ictly inguistic charact r still r mains to don in study t xt of </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">and </li><li style="flex:1">Esp cially should all r c rri g </li></ul><p>formulas and pith ts ith r obscur or appar ntly not pa ticularly appropriat r c iv car ful att ntion in a c mparativ point vi w unint lligibl and s mingly unsuitabl constantly survivals f om a prior stag and g n rally b com luminous by aid of comparison </p><p>ix </p><p>o ms of cours Ar an in charact r <br>Aryan l m nt how v r important is xc ptional </p><p>and s bordinat <br>Whil r j ct any imaginary moral graft d on a myth in a comparativ ly lat shall do w ll at sam tim to think of Natur as arli st Gosp l of is and of nobl st myths as adumbrating and s tting forth in a c rtain mann r infinit r aliti s Wh n Sokrat s in </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">has quot d </li><li style="flex:1">l g nd of dyss us in </li></ul><p>Shad s and told how h ro saw inos holding a </p><p>sc ptr of gold and giving laws to d ad adds th s nobl and m morabl words Now I am p rsuad d of truth of th s things and I consid r how I shall pr s nt my soul whol and b for Judg in that day R nouncing honours at which world aims I d sir nly to know Truth and to liv as w ll as I can wh n tim com s to And to utmost of my pow r I xhort all oth r to do sam </p><p>R ON ON <br>R I IONS <br>S C IO <br>N</p><p>R</p><p>IR </p><p>S N </p><p>S</p><p>O<br>NO I S IR </p><p>V I I S IR <br>R NS OR ION </p><p>X</p><p>S</p><p>O</p><p>S</p><p>I OIN S IN <br>IR </p><p>A RE IATIO S </p><p>d</p><p>S</p><p>dd</p><p>d</p><p>S</p><p>ddd</p><p>S</p><p>d</p><p>S<br>S</p><p>bl l l </p><p>SECTION I <br>O with his ship s cr w having scap d fr m who d scrib d as b i g giant cannibals com s to irk own sist r of and daught r of H li s and P rs daught r of On third day <br>Isl wh r dw l aft r th ir a rival h ro r connoitr s and having notic d smok and flam afar in woodland tu ns to ship with a stag upon which company f ast N xt mor ing divid s his band and s nds </p><p>with to xplor country <br>T y find palac of irk in for st sur round d by tam and b witch d wolv s and lions Th y h ar godd ss singing as wo ks at a mighty and hail and bids th m nt r </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">ga s </li><li style="flex:1">alon r mains without and </li></ul><p>aft r long watching r turns to Odyss us ith n ws that his f llows had disa p ar d in pa ac anwhil irk havi g s at d gu sts mak th m a m ss mix d with ha mful drugs which caus </p><p>th m to for t th i hom Wh n th hav drunk potion smit s th m with magic wand wh r upon th y b com swin and shut up in sti s but still r tain th ir human ind Odyss us now arms hims lf and s s out to r scu of his and on his way m ts ith rm s who in him how to b hav and giv s magic h rb by m ans of which wi nabl d to succ ssfull d fy nchantm nts of irk Having nt r d palac ro is s at d by godd ss on a goodly chair and giv n drugg d otion in a gold n cup smit s him with wand and bids him join his company in sty but is not b witch d and drawing sword springs </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">upon With a gr at </li><li style="flex:1">clasps his kn s </li></ul><p>and surmising that must Odyss us s ks his lov mak s sw ar that wi l not hurt him wh n nak d m anwhil four handmaids daught rs of w lls woods and iv rs busy th m s lv s hall pr par a m al and a bath of th m wash s anoints with oil and dr ss s h ro who how v r r fus s to tast banqu t ntil his comrad r stor d to man s s at which is don accordingly Odyss us th n r turns to </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">ship and conducts </li><li style="flex:1">and his f llows to </li></ul><p>halls of irk wh r th y r main in ac and pl nty for a y ar wh n h ro s companions sug g st to him that it is tim to part irk cons nts and informs him that must s k Und rwo ld in ord r to consult soothsay r T ir sias giv s </p><p>him full dir ctions for p rilous journ y and at dawn cloth s him v ils h ad and pass s l ghtly away having s nt a br z to fill v ss l s sail h ro th n voyag s to Land of D ad and aft rwards r turns to abod of i k who again kindly nt tains him and his and h ars his story Having instruct d r sp cting s v al dang rs which await him dismiss s him at dawn with a favourabl wind </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">This bri f out in of </li><li style="flex:1">will s rv </li></ul><p>to r fr sh r ad r s m mory r sp cting famous story and I would also r f him to xc ll nt </p><p>of tal by iss J E Har ison who has v ry ably illustrat d its asp ct in po try and art has not how v thought fit pass on of myth a task which I shall now </p><p>att mpt </p><p>v l p</p><p>SECTION II will facilitat inv stigati n to compar in first plac two myst rious godd ss s K k and a pro ss which sh ws that though is actuall a r dup ication of oth r that th y m r ly variant phas s of sam g at pow r p incipal points of r s mblanc b tw n th m as f llows <br>Each is a fair and lov ly godd ss in a r m t i land att nd d by handmaid ns <br>II Each is conn ct d with g ld silv r and w av s a ighty as sings <br>Each sp cially d c ib d as fai hai d <br>IV Each is sp cially styl d an awful g dd ss m tal s ch <br>V Each has a b autiful dw lli g surround d by w ods <br>VI Each l v s ro who unwillingly r turns pas i n and whom is p rmitt d to r tain <br>Each sw ars s l mnly not inj r h o <br>VII Each s s that is bath d and dr ss d </p><p>x</p><p>v x </p><p>x</p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">v x </li><li style="flex:1">v</li></ul><p></p><p>x</p><p>v x v</p><p>ach at dawn clad h rs lf in a gr shining rob ight of woof and gracious and about waist cas a fai gold n girdl and put a v il upon h ad <br>Each wh n h ro d art d s nt a w lcom br z to sp d him on his way dw lls in isl gygia nav l of but this circumstanc impli s no n c ssa y di r nc b tw n two godd ss s sinc nam m r ly m ans oc an and so in r al ty qually appli s to g n <br>Nors girt island and </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">nam s </li><li style="flex:1">and </li></ul><p>r ad god stormy who r app ars in od rn tim s as w l kn wn or tidal riv r wav and Ogr variant phas s originally xp ssiv of t r or xcit d by </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">vast and t mp stuous </li><li style="flex:1">who app ars </li></ul><p>in and as an archaic g is always conn ct d with a flood and his nam is quival nt to prim val in r f r c to uppos d pristin </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">wat ry chaos </li><li style="flex:1">fol owing Windisch </li></ul><p>mann and Pict t bs rv s Son nom m m para t d riv c lui qui d signait primitiv m nt d lug dans idiom s ary ns sanscrit Pau amo gst his almost innum rabl valuabl </p><p>v</p><p>x</p><p>v<br>V</p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">V</li><li style="flex:1">xxxv p l </li></ul><p></p><p>littl scraps of bscur mythic p digr has s rv d fact that h ro El usis C ming Sun god was according to som son <br>Knowing daught r of according to oth rs son of but thus illus id ntity of two latt r Sun god constantly springs in mythic p digr from Oc an and som knowing light bringing nymph for primarily to s to know and darkn ss ignoranc uns n first point of r al di r nc b tw n two </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">is daught r </li><li style="flex:1">g dd ss s is in par ntag </li></ul><p>of Atlas Enduring who hims lf upholds ta l pillars which k p arth and sky asund r Atlas is a p rsonification of that p w r which sustains h av n ab v arth in kosmic o d r s lar H akl s ssay d task but aft r a tim at night was f ign to r tir in favour of mor during Atlas who thus and also b caus at night luna and st llar h av n which upb ars com s into fu l st pro n nc is mo a nocturnal than a diurnal p rsonag and h nc po t appli s to </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">p culia pith t </li><li style="flex:1">a titl which </li></ul><p>sha s with and and which as Gladston not s s ms to imply in som for a formidabl injurious craft ss s Butch r and Lang r nd r x r ssion wis and t rribl but I </p><p>r f r to t ansla it by t rm bal ful for highly myst rious Cav rn solar mythology <br>Egyptia dw ll ng of alypso is r mot in that yst ious which towa ds W st is form d by und fin d bl nding of Ov rs a mar </p><p>agnum sin in which solar and luna ba qu s sai Oc an prop r which of unknown and awful va tn ss nrings world idgard and Und rs a invisibl and fathoml ss to man and in which gold n solar boat cup disapp ars l k Kirk although thus dw ll ng afar is p culiarly l abl to sway of H rm s Wind p w r upon clouds who is abl to blot fr m h av n and so to d stroy in a mom nt b auty of cav And thus wh n H rm s is s nt to with a command it is in his charact r of A g iphont s who can put out thousand </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">starry y s of Arg s </li><li style="flex:1">which o bs </li></ul><p>Gl aming h av n puts in p acock s tail <br>H rm s as Z us m ss g r w l kn ws his pow r and although int rvi w b tw n him and is mark d by a charming court sy on both sid s wh n gr at slay r of A gos d parts his final word to godd ss is Sp d him dyss us now up n his path and hav r gard unto wrath of Z us l st haply ang r d and b a hard on th h r aft r </p><p>N v l v</p><p>V</p><p>v<br>V</p><p>v</p><p>oth irk and w ll acquaint d with riv r Styx at ful which was con </p><p>with Und rs a and b ing a f atur in r al of d ath and darkn ss b cam v ry typ of dr ad ns n and thus suppli d a conc pt for most sol mn oaths although upon whol a mor t nd d id al than Kirk is n c s arily to a gr at xt nt distinctly lunar inasmuch as mo n always </p><p>is and must h ad of ight light is also as will furth r app ar consid rably mor Aryan in cha than sist r godd ss basis of myth is too wid to monopolis d by any sp cial rac of mankind and th r for som of stori s conn ct d with it A yan in origin hilst oth s not form r class has b n su fici nt y r f rr d to by Aryan mythologists and Sir G W Cox w ll </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">says of d lling of </li><li style="flex:1">that it is hom </li></ul><p>of Tara Bai Star maid n of Hindu f lklor b ing who can n ith r grow old nor and witch ry of whos lull ng songs no mortal may with stand is m di val tradition ntic s ill fat d abod of Ursula Littl bright myriad star maid ns to which V nus of as o pos d to wh r fairy qu n k s Thomas Rim r a not </p><p>v x </p><p>S</p><p>xx</p><p>lb fl b k v v b </p><p>unwilling prison r maj sty b auty d grada ti n and h rror of Night qu n combin d in varying phas s of a singl con pt H kat in long car r from H siod to Shaksp r </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">V</li><li style="flex:1">b b </li></ul><p></p><p>S</p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">b</li><li style="flex:1">v W </li></ul><p>pl</p><p>S CTION III will d sirabl in n xt plac to dis ntangl from story a parasitic ov rgrowth of imaginary morality This which is v ry di r nt f om that of Kirk has b n chi fly wov n around luckl ss comrad s Odyss us and pr s nts a notabl instanc of h dl ssn ss with which form a judg m nt and of facility with which an anci nt rror is hand d down from to Thus l arn that <br>S krat s s s b ast f rm only a symbol mad to gr din ss Stoics find a s mon r ad </p><p>hand Circ is for t m incarnation of b st lik irrationality discov rs in dr ad aught r of H lios an imp rsonation of animal p tit orac b com s quit s v r ly virtuous wh n cal s his fri nd s att ntion to what sup pos s w r admirabl obj cts b lli <br>Ho r it s ms wrot his po ms much for sam moral r asons which induc d Johnson to com os Int mp ranc d v lop d in various ways produc s dismal r sults at </p><p>I</p><p>v</p><p>roy and bard n xt proc ds to show quid virtus quid sapi ntia us a att rn charact r Odyss us xhibits b for nobis <br>This vi w is d l ghtfully absurd x mplar and all mor so b caus it is so grav l and hon stly advanc d by a and worldl ng lik orac Odyss us having v ry judiciously avoid d g tting </p><p>hims lf kill d at roy most prop rl wish s to com his ducation by trav l w mak rand tour and r turn to vastly improv d torum urb s mor s Aft r pa ing a round of visits amongst yklop s i k <br>Shad s of </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">ad </li><li style="flex:1">Skylla Cha ybdis and </li></ul><p>would naturally r turn hom r pl t with irtu as arry Sa dford hims lf But alas v n this grand x mplar had no upon his infatuat d com </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">rad s </li><li style="flex:1">continu s Horac to his fri nd </li></ul><p>acqu int d ith voic s of Sir ns and cu s of Circ this was no doubt strictly tru of which if <br>Ulyss s had foo shly and gr dil drunk with his companions </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">d</li><li style="flex:1">p</li></ul><p>l</p><p>But suppos som <br>Fath r of <br>Church Cl m nt of A xandria T rtull an </p><p>or Augustin had said to him How dar you hold up an x m lar of virtu a wand ring vagabond who liv d in adult ry first with f mal and th n with anoth r pr t nding whil that d sir d no thi g so much as to r turn to his wif And this story Circ and Ulyss s is most profoundly oral not m r ly in its incid nts but sp cially in this that only sinn r party was Ulyss s hims lf who scap d scot fr with many advantag hilst his uno nding f i nds w r s v r ly p nish d To avoid t lling forc of argum nts such as th s wh n appli d to gods g n rally lat r Pagan philosoph rs w r f ign to ak r fug may hop in som cas s unwillingly in tangl d jungl s of Plato is wh r th y and p rish d mis ra ly but had th y b n Comparativ ythol gists th y would had an asy r ply to this obj c ion of th ir Christian ppon nts fro to luckl ss comrad s h ro hav had to b ar many a taunt and point moral </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">until r ach </li><li style="flex:1">of ilton and swinish </li></ul><p>multitud of Burk <br>But wh n turn to story its lf find no fault stat d or impli d against party by nl ss ind d it is a fault to d c iv d by sup rhuman pow r Th r is no sugg stion that th y drank of cup gr dily in sty th y did not njoy acorns and mast and fruit of corn l tr wh r on wallowing swin do always batt n h ro mou ns th ir hapl ss cas and a passag p haps un xc ll d in b auty by any in w l </p><p>po m d scrib s how th w r mor than r stor d to th ir for r stat not pardon d for th had don no wrong <br>It is tru that hog as of most nous animals is sac d V nus and that cording to Pythag r an doctrin s bas d upon a </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">misconc ption of this story lustful </li><li style="flex:1">trans </li></ul><p>But th is no sugg stion in w r s inish in f rm d into hogs tal that band of such s ns nor again is any sp cial str ss laid upon th ir b ing turn d into for round palac of godd ss w r b witch d wolv s and lion and </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">f ar of </li><li style="flex:1">was that irk would su l </li></ul><p>chang us to swin wolv s ions to guard gr at hous <br>I n d not how v r nlarg furth r upon this point for ind d mo nt r m mb r that story what v r its subs qu nt l m nts may is ba d upon obs rvation of atural ph nom na which it f qu ntly r lat s with a t uly curious </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">curacy </li><li style="flex:1">at onc that s rious y pr dicat </li></ul><p>moral ty or immorality of p rsonifi d Sun or his att ndants of oon or of Ni ht is absurd Fro th ir long and m lancholy d gradation in this con gods hav b n at l ngth and it is no long r n c ssary to r gard Jupi r b oad bright h av n lov s countl ss nymphs as Solomon of a ha m I am v ry far f om ith r sa ing or </p><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">k bj v </li><li style="flex:1">ll </li></ul><p>Z</p><p>x<br>SECTION at pr s nt day th r x sts any anci nt tak s story of k and Odyss us to a gr at xt nt m r ly stripping </p><p>sup rnatural l m nt aft r fashion in which som sa s tr at Four Gosp ls I will not att mpt to disturb his r pos or </p><p>d d l l d l d </p><p>him trac in p ac voyag of h r up dit rran an and in tim bring him back again <br>But having got rid of crud m al st it is p rhaps d si abl to n tic how his br th r in </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">rro </li><li style="flex:1">Platonist has d alt with rk sto y </li></ul><p>I hav notic d that N Pla nism xt nd d and </p><p>of cours cr at d Chri tian <br>Eu m ism Lik v ry oth phas of mind it aris s v ry simply and naturally An anci nt story v n rabl and hallow d d sc nds to a compa ativ ly lat and r gard it with a ctionat r v r nc It not truth but it contains truth arry hav l ng c as d b li v it l t rally </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">occultl </li><li style="flex:1">not our appar ntl simpl anci nt </li></ul><p></p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">in r alit as full of pro </li><li style="flex:1">st ri s sa s </li></ul><p>found significanc as any of your boast d myths tr at d of om r or siod So rat that th y as I will show nay mor so t achings and int r r tations w r conn ct d with liv s of Abraham and Jos ph and </p><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">oth rs but </li><li style="flex:1">world not to outdon </li></ul><p>tr at d th ir ntir mythol gy in a similar fa hi n syst m has but fault it is found d on unsupport d fancy and arbitrar ass rtion <br>That </p>
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