Exchange rate on Jan. 2008 is US$ 1.00 = Tanzanian Shilling Tsh 1,108.83 = Japanese Yen ¥ 114.21 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUPPORTING REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABBREVIATIONS CHAPTER 1 METEOROLOGY AND HYDROLOGY.......................................................... 1 - 1 1.1 Purpose of Survey ............................................................................................................... 1 - 1 1.2 Meteorology ........................................................................................................................ 1 - 1 1.2.1 Meteorological Network.................................................................................. 1 - 1 1.2.2 Meteorological Data Analysis ......................................................................... 1 - 2 1.3 Hydrology ........................................................................................................................... 1 - 7 1.3.1 River Network ................................................................................................. 1 - 7 1.3.2 River Regime................................................................................................... 1 - 8 1.3.3 River Flow Discharge Measurement ............................................................... 1 - 10 1.4 Water Use........................................................................................................................... 1 - 12 CHAPTER 2 GEOMORPHOLOGY......................................................................................... 2 - 1 2.1 Purpose of Survey ............................................................................................................... 2 - 1 2.2 Survey Area......................................................................................................................... 2 - 1 2.3 Methodology of Geomorphologic Analysis........................................................................ 2 - 1 2.3.1 Used Remote Sensing Data ............................................................................. 2 - 1 2.3.2 Data Processing and Analysis.......................................................................... 2 - 2 2.3.3 Field Survey..................................................................................................... 2 - 4 2.4 Geomorphologic Characteristics ......................................................................................... 2 - 5 2.4.1 Topography...................................................................................................... 2 - 5 2.4.2 Nature of Ground Surface................................................................................ 2 - 7 CHAPTER 3 GEOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 3 - 1 3.1 General Geology................................................................................................................. 3 - 1 3.2 Geological Description........................................................................................................ 3 - 2 3.2.1 Precambrian Basement Rocks ......................................................................... 3 - 4 3.2.2 Kainozoic (Cenozoic) Formations................................................................... 3 - 5 3.2.3 Volcanic Rocks................................................................................................ 3 - 5 3.3 Geological Structure............................................................................................................ 3 - 5 3.4 Results of Field Survey ....................................................................................................... 3 - 7 3.5 Detailed Analysis of Sub-Basin G by Remote Sensing ...................................................... 3 - 16 3.5.1 Purpose of Survey............................................................................................ 3 - 16 3.5.2 Survey Area ..................................................................................................... 3 - 16 3.5.3 Used Remote Sensing Data and Product Images............................................. 3 - 16 3.5.4 Survey Results ................................................................................................. 3 - 20 CHAPTER 4 WATER BALANCE ANALYSIS BY USING REMOTE SENSING.............. 4 - 1 4.1 Purpose of Survey ............................................................................................................... 4 - 1 4.2 Survey Area......................................................................................................................... 4 - 1 4.3 Detailed Water Balance Analysis for the Sub-basin G ....................................................... 4 - 2 4.3.1 Evapotranspiration........................................................................................... 4 - 5 4.3.2 Rainfall ............................................................................................................ 4 - 13 4.3.3 Runoff.............................................................................................................. 4 - 14 4.3.4 Infiltration........................................................................................................ 4 - 15 4.3.5 Results of Detailed Water Analysis for the Sub-basin G................................. 4 - 18 4.4 Simplified Water Balance Analysis for the Sub-basins in IDB .......................................... 4 - 19 4.4.1 Sub-basin A (Lake Eyasi Sub-basin)............................................................... 4 - 24 4.4.2 Sub-basin B (Monduli Sub-basin (1)).............................................................. 4 - 25 4.4.3 Sub-basin C (Monduli Sub-basin (2)).............................................................. 4 - 25 4.4.4 Sub-basin D (Lake Manyara Sub-basin).......................................................... 4 - 25 4.4.5 Sub-basin E (Lake Natron Sub-basin) ............................................................. 4 - 25 4.4.6 Sub-basin F (Olduvai Sub-basin)..................................................................... 4 - 26 4.4.7 Sub-basin G (Bahi (Manyoni) Sub-basin) ....................................................... 4 - 26 4.4.8 Sub-basin H (Masai Steppe Sub-basin) ........................................................... 4 - 26 4.4.9 Sub-basin I (Namanga Sub-basin)................................................................... 4 - 26 4.4.10 Summary of the Water Balance in February (Rainy Season).......................... 4 - 27 4.5 Macro Water Balance Analysis........................................................................................... 4 - 28 CHAPTER 5 GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY.............................................................................. 5 - 1 5.1 Outline of Survey ................................................................................................................ 5 - 1 5.1.1 Purpose of Survey............................................................................................ 5 - 1 5.1.2 Planned Survey Location................................................................................. 5 - 1 5.1.3 Survey Quantity............................................................................................... 5 - 1 5.2 Survey Methodology........................................................................................................... 5 - 2 5.2.1 Vertical Electrical Sounding............................................................................ 5 - 2 5.2.2 Two-dimensional Resistivity Survey............................................................... 5 - 6 5.2.3 Magnetic Survey.............................................................................................. 5 - 11 5.3 Survey Result...................................................................................................................... 5 - 15 5.3.1 Geological Structure Survey (Vertical Electrical Sounding)........................... 5 - 15 5.3.2 Geophysical Survey for Test Borehole Drilling .............................................. 5 - 25 CHAPTER 6 TEST BOREHILE DRILLING SURVEY...................................................... 6 - 1 6.1 Purpose of Survey ............................................................................................................... 6 - 1 6.2 Drilling Work .................................................................................................................... 6 - 1 6.2.1 Outline of the Work......................................................................................... 6 - 1 6.2.2 Specification of Survey.................................................................................... 6 - 3 6.2.3 Drilling Procedure ........................................................................................... 6 - 4 6.2.4 Drilling Method ............................................................................................... 6 - 5 6.2.5 Sampling, Measurement and Testing .............................................................. 6 - 6 6.2.6 Borehole Logging............................................................................................ 6 - 6 6.2.7 Result of Drilling............................................................................................. 6 - 9 6.3 Pumping Test...................................................................................................................... 6 - 24 6.3.1 Method of Pumping