Technical guidelines on the environmentally sound management of wastes consisting of, containing or contaminated with the pesticides aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), mirex or toxaphene or with HCB as an industrial chemical K0760095 230307 Contents I. Introduction .............................................................................................................5 A. Scope .............................................................................................................5 B. Description, production, use and wastes ......................................................................5 1. Aldrin .............................................................................................................5 (a) Description ..........................................................................................5 (b) Production...........................................................................................5 (c) Use.......................................................................................................6 2. Chlordane.........................................................................................................6 (a) Description ..........................................................................................6 (b) Production...........................................................................................6 (c) Use.......................................................................................................6 3. Dieldrin............................................................................................................7 (a) Description ..........................................................................................7 (b) Production...........................................................................................7 (c) Use (see also aldrin) ............................................................................7 4. Endrin .............................................................................................................7 (a) Description ..........................................................................................7 (b) Production...........................................................................................7 (c) Use.......................................................................................................8 5. Heptachlor .......................................................................................................8 (a) Description ..........................................................................................8 (b) Production...........................................................................................8 (c) Use.......................................................................................................8 6. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)..............................................................................8 (a) Description ..........................................................................................8 (b) Production...........................................................................................8 (c) Use.......................................................................................................9 7. Mirex ...........................................................................................................10 (a) Description ........................................................................................10 (b) Production.........................................................................................10 (c) Use.....................................................................................................10 8. Toxaphene .....................................................................................................11 (a) Description ........................................................................................11 (b) Production.........................................................................................11 (c) Use.....................................................................................................11 9. Wastes ...........................................................................................................12 II. Relevant provisions of the Basel and Stockholm conventions ...............................................13 A. Basel Convention .......................................................................................................13 B. Stockholm Convention...............................................................................................14 III. Issues under the Stockholm Convention to be addressed cooperatively with the Basel Convention 15 A. Low POP content .......................................................................................................15 B. Levels of destruction and irreversible transformation................................................15 C. Methods which constitute environmentally sound disposal.......................................15 IV. Guidance on environmentally sound management (ESM) .....................................................15 A. General considerations: Basel and Stockholm conventions and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ................................................................15 1. Basel Convention...........................................................................................15 2. Stockholm Convention ..................................................................................15 3. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.........................15 B. Legislative and regulatory framework .......................................................................15 C. Waste prevention and minimization...........................................................................16 D. Identification and inventories.....................................................................................16 1. Identification..................................................................................................16 2. Inventories .....................................................................................................17 E. Sampling, analysis and monitoring ............................................................................17 1. Sampling........................................................................................................18 2 2. Analysis.........................................................................................................18 3. Monitoring.....................................................................................................18 F. Handling, collection, packaging, labelling, transportation and storage......................18 1. Handling........................................................................................................18 2. Collection.......................................................................................................18 3. Packaging.......................................................................................................19 4. Labelling........................................................................................................19 5. Transportation................................................................................................20 6. Storage 20 G. Environmentally sound disposal ................................................................................20 1. Pre-treatment .................................................................................................20 2. Destruction and irreversible transformation methods....................................20 3. Other disposal methods when neither destruction nor irreversible transformation is the environmentally preferable option...............................20 4. Other disposal methods when the POP content is low...................................20 H. Remediation of contaminated sites ............................................................................20 I. Health and safety........................................................................................................20 1. Higher-risk situations.....................................................................................20 2. Lower-risk situations .....................................................................................20 J. Emergency response ..................................................................................................20 K. Public participation ....................................................................................................20 Annexes I. Synonyms and trade names for pesticide POPs......................................................................21 II. Bibliography ...........................................................................................................27 3 Abbreviations and acronyms ADR European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry BAT best available techniques BEP best environmental practices DDT 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) EPA Environmental Protection Agency (United States of America) ESM environmentally sound management EXTOXNET Extension Toxicology Network FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GC gas chromatography HCB hexachlorobenzene HEOD 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-endo-1,4-exo-