Arab Republic of Egypt Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency Alexandria Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project (AICZMP) Environmental and Social Impact Assessment DRAFT FINAL Revision Date: October 20th 2009 EEAA AICZMP-ESIA CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Exchange Rate Effective {20 October 2009} US$1 = EGP 5.47 i EEAA AICZMP-ESIA TABLE OFCONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................................................................... IV LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................................... V ABREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................ VI CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT .................................................................................................................................................. 1 RATIONALE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT ........................................................................................................................... 2 SCOPE OF THE ESIA .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 2 POLICY, LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK .................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................. 4 NATIONAL POLICY AND LEGAL MANDATES ...................................................................................................................... 4 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 5 EEAA REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 RELEVANT LEGISLATION TO THE PROJECT ACTIVITIES ...................................................................................................... 8 National Environmental legislation ............................................................................................................................. 8 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND MANAGEMENT ARRANGEMENTS ................................................................................ 8 Partnership Arrangements ........................................................................................................................................... 8 Institutional and implementation arrangements ........................................................................................................... 9 International and regional environmental legislation ................................................................................................ 10 CHAPTER 3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION...................................................................................................................... 12 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................ 12 PROJECT OBJECTIVES ...................................................................................................................................................... 12 PROJECT COMPONENTS .................................................................................................................................................... 13 Component (1): Planning, Institutional Capacity and Monitoring ............................................................................ 13 Component (2): Pollution Reduction. ......................................................................................................................... 15 Phasing of Implementation of the Proposed Package ................................................................................................ 33 Component (3): Project Management and Monitoring and Evaluation. .................................................................... 34 CHAPTER 4 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................... 35 LAKE MARIOUT BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................................... 35 CURRENT SYSTEM CONFIGURATION AND STATUS OF THE LAKE ..................................................................................... 36 LAKE MARIOUT WATER QUALITY .................................................................................................................................. 37 INFLUENTS TO THE MAIN BASIN ..................................................................................................................................... 38 Regional Geology ....................................................................................................................................................... 41 Air Quality .................................................................................................................................................................. 43 CLIMATE ......................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Temperature ............................................................................................................................................................... 46 Winds .......................................................................................................................................................................... 46 Cloud cover and Sunshine .......................................................................................................................................... 47 FLORA ............................................................................................................................................................................. 49 SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT IN ALEXANDRIA .................................................................................... 50 Solid waste ................................................................................................................................................................. 50 Hazardous waste ........................................................................................................................................................ 51 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ....................................................................................................................................... 52 ii EEAA AICZMP-ESIA Population next to Lake Mariout ................................................................................................................................ 52 Fishermen Community ............................................................................................................................................... 53 Fisheries and Aquatic Resources ............................................................................................................................... 57 CHAPTER 5 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ........................................................... 60 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................................ 60 ANTICIPATED POSITIVE IMPACTS .................................................................................................................................... 60 ANTICIPATED NEGATIVE IMPACTS .................................................................................................................................. 62 Analysis of Impacts..................................................................................................................................................... 63 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS ............................................................................................................................................. 66 Impacts on fishermen community ............................................................................................................................... 66 Other socio-economic impacts ................................................................................................................................... 67 CHAPTER 6 : ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ....................................................................................................... 68 1. PROJECT ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................................................. 68 The “no project” option ............................................................................................................................................