LAWS5006: TORTS + CONTRACTS II INTRODUCTION TO TORTS + CONTRACTS II 8 Introduction 8 Conceptual Distinction Between Tort and Contract 8 Concurrent Liability in Tort and Contract 9 Matthews v Kuwait Bechtel 10 Kelly v Metropolitan Railway Co 10 Esso Petroleum v Mardon 10 Thake v Maurice 10 Practical Implications 11 Equitable Doctrines 13 CAUSATION AND REMOTENESS IN CONTRACT 16 Introduction 16 Loss 16 Alfred McAlpine Constructions Ltd v Panatown Ltd [2000] 3 WLR 946 16 Causation in Contract 17 Alexander v Cambridge Credit Corporation (1987) 19 Reg Glass Pty Ltd v Rivers Locking Systems Pty Ltd (1968) 120 CLR 516 19 Luna Park (NSW) Ltd v Tramways Advertising Pty Ltd (1938) 61 CLR 286 19 Remoteness in Contract 20 Hadley v Baxendale (1854) 9 Ex 341 21 Victoria Laundry (Windsor) Ltd v Newman Industries Ltd [1949] 2 KB 528 21 Koufos v Czarnikow Ltd [1969] 1 AC 350 22 H Parsons (Livestock) Ltd v Uttley Ingham & Co Ltd [1978] QB 791 23 Transfield Shipping Inc v Mercator Shipping Inc (The Achilleas) [2009] 1 AC 61 23 Monaghan Surveyors Pty Ltd v Stratford Glen-Avon Pty Ltd [2012] NSWCA 94 24 MEASURE OF DAMAGES IN CONTRACT 25 Measure of Damages 25 Clark v Macourt (2013) 253 CLR 1 27 McRae v Commonwealth Disposals Commission (1951) 84 CLR 377 28 Commonwealth v Amann Aviation Pty Ltd (1991) 174 CLR 64 28 Particular Issues in Determining Expectation Damages 29 Shevill v Builders Licensing Board (1982) 139 CLR 620 32 Baltic Shipping Co v Dillon (1993) 176 CLR 344 33 Insight Vacations Pty Ltd v Young (2010) 78 NSWLR 641 33 Moore v Scenic Tours Pty Ltd [2020] HCA 17 34 Flight Centre Ltd v Louw (2010) 78 NSWLR 656 35 Bellgrove v Eldridge (1954) 90 CLR 613 35 Mitigation 35 British Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing v Underground Electric Railways [1912] AC 673 36 Clark v Macourt (2013) 253 CLR 1 36 RECOVERY OF SUMS FIXED BY CONTRACT 37 Action for Debt 37 White & Carter Councils v McGregor [1962] AC 413 38 Young v Queensland Trustees Ltd (1956) 99 CLR 560 38 Penalties 38 Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co v New Garage [1915] AC 79 41 Andrews v ANZ Banking Group (2012) 247 CLR 205 41 Cavendish Square Holding BV v Talal El-Makdessi; ParkingEye Limited v Beavis [2015] UKSC 67 42 Paciocco v ANZ Banking Group Ltd [2015] HCA 28 42 VITIATING FACTORS AND THE REMEDY OF RESCISSION 44 Rescission 44 Coastal Estates v Melevende [1965] VR 433 47 Alati v Kruger (1955) 94 CLR 216 48 Vadasz v Pioneer Concrete (1995) 130 ALR 570 49 Car and Universal Finance Co Ltd v Caldwell [1965] 1 QB 525 50 Leaf v International Galleries [1950] 2 KB 86 51 Seddon v North Eastern Salt Co [1905] 1 Ch 326 51 Svaniosio v McNamara (1956) 96 CLR 186 52 DURESS 54 Duress (Common Law) 54 North Ocean Shipping Co Ltd v Hyundai Construction Co Ltd (The Atlantic Baron) [1979] 1 QB 705 55 MISTAKE 56 Introduction 56 Common Mistake (Common Law and Equity) 56 McRae v Commonwealth Disposals Commission (1950) 84 CLR 377 57 Solle v Butcher [1950] 1 KB 671 57 Svanosio v McNamara (1956) 96 CLR 186 58 Mutual Mistake 58 Goldsbourough Mort v Quinn (1910) 10 CLR 674 58 Raffles v Wichelhaus (1864) 2 H&C 906 59 Unilateral Mistake (Common Law and Equity) 59 Cundy v Lindsay (1878) 3 App Cas 459 60 Lewis v Avery [1972] 1 QB 198 60 Taylor v Johnson [1972] 1 QB 198 61 Rectification (Equity) 61 Pukallus v Cameron (1982) 180 CLT 447 61 Non Est Factum (Common Law) 62 Petelin v Cullen (1975) 132 CLR 355 62 UNFAIR DEALING: UNDUE INFLUENCE AND UNCONSCIONABLE CONDUCT 63 Introduction 63 Undue Influence (Equity) 63 Johnson v Buttress (1936) 56 CLR 113 66 Allcard v Skinner (1887) 67 Bank of New South Wales v Rogers (1941) 65 CLR 42 68 Garcia v National Australia Bank (1998) 194 CLR 395 69 Unconscionable Transactions (Equity) 70 Commercial Bank of Australia v Amadio (1983) 151 CLR 447 71 Bloomley v Ryan (1956) 99 CLR 621 72 Louth v Diprose (1992) 175 CLR 621 73 Kakavas v Crown Melbourne Ltd (2013) 298 ALR 35 74 UNFAIR DEALING: STATUTORY REGULATION 76 Contracts Review Act 76 West v AGC (Advances) Ltd (1986) 5 NSWLR 610 78 Australian Consumer Law 79 ACCC v CG Berbatis Holdings Pty Ltd (2003) 214 CLR 51 86 Jetstar Airways Pty Ltd v Free [2008] VSC 539 87 TRESPASS TO LAND AND STATUTORY LIABILITY FOR DAMAGE BY AIRCRAFT 88 Solving a Trespass to Land Problem 88 Scope of the Tort 88 Newington v Windeyer (1985) 3 NSWLR 555 89 Public Transport Commission of NSW v Perry (1977) 137 CLR 107 89 Halliday v Nevill (1984) 155 CLR 1 89 TCN Channel Nine v Anning (2002) 54 NSWLR 333 90 Coco v The Queen (1994) 179 CLR 427 90 Kuru v New South Wales (2008) 236 CLR 1 90 Macintosh v Lovel (1993) 30 NSWLR 441 90 Newington v Windeyer (1985) 3 NSWLR 555 90 Rodrigues v Ufton (1894) 20 VLR 539 90 Aerial Trespass 91 Bernstein v Skyviews & General [1978] QB 479 91 Schleter v Brazakka (2002) 12 NTLR 76 91 Didow v Alberta Power [1988] 5 WWR 606 92 LJP Investments v Howard Chia Investments (1989) 24 NSWLR 490 92 Damage by Aircraft 92 Southgate v Commonwealth of Australia (1987) 13 NSWLR 188 93 Underground Trespass 93 Edwards v Sims 24 SW 2d 619 (1929) (Kentucky Court of Appeals) 94 Di Napoli v New Beach Apartments [2011] AC 380 94 Remedies for Trespass to Land 94 CN v Channel Nine v Anning 94 Plenty v Dillon (1991) 171 CLR 635 95 State of NSW v Ibbett (2006) 229 CLR 638 96 Evans v Balog [1976] 1 NSWLR 36 96 Parramatta City Council v Lutz (1988) 12 NSWLR 293 96 Hansen v Gloucester Developments [1992] 1 Qd R 14 96 C R Taylor (Wholesale) Ltd v Hepworths Ltd [1977] 2 All ER 784 96 XL Petroleum v Caltex Oil (1985) 155 CLR 448 96 MISREPRESENTATION AT COMMON LAW 98 Misrepresentation 98 Holmes v Jones (107) 4 CLR 1692 100 Redgrave v Hurd (1881) 20 Ch D 1 100 STATUTORY ACTION FOR MISLEADING OR DECEPTIVE CONDUCT 101 Introduction 101 Scope of the Prohibition 102 Concrete Constructions (NSW) Pty Ltd v Nelson (1990) 169 CLR 594 104 Butcher v Lachlan Elder Realty Pty Ltd (2004) 218 CLR 592 105 Accounting Systems 2000 (Developments Pty Ltd v CCH Australia Ltd (1993) 42 FCR 470 105 Taco Company of Australia v Taco Bell (1982) 42 ALR 177 105 Campomar Sociedad Ltd v Nike International (2000) 202 CLR 45 106 Henjo Investments Pty Ltd v Collins Marrickville Pty Ltd (1988) 79 ALR 83 106 Remedies 107 Marks v GIO Australia Holdings (1998) 196 CLR 494 110 ABN AMRO Bank NV v Bathurst Regional Council [2014] FCAFC 65 110 Perpetual Trustee Company Ltd v Milanex Pty Ltd (in liq) [2011] NSWSC 367 110 INTRODUCTION TO PURE ECONOMIC LOSS 112 Intentional Economic Torts 112 Derry v Peek (1889) 14 Apps Cas 337 112 Pure Economic Loss Due to Negligence 113 PEL DUE TO NEGLIGENT MISSTATEMENT 117 Negligent Misstatement 117 Hedley Byrne Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd [1964] AC 465 119 MLC v Evatt (1968) 122 CLR 556 119 L Shaddock & Associates v Parramatta City Council (1981) 150 CLR 225 120 San Sebastian Pty Ltd v The Minister (1986) 162 CLR 340 120 Tepko v Water Board (2001) 206 CLR 1 120 Esanda Finance Corporation v Peat Marwick Hungerfords (1997) 188 CLR 241 121 ABN AMRO Bank v Bathurst City Council [2014] FCAFC 65 121 Relationship Between Tort, Contract, and ACL 122 PROFESSIONAL NEGLIGENCE 123 Liability to Contractual Parties 123 Hawkins v Clayton (1988) 164 CLR 539 124 Liability to Third Parties 124 White v Jones [1995] 2 AC 207 125 Hill v Van Erp (1997) 188 CLR 159 125 Voli v Inglewood Shire Council (1963) 110 CLR 74 126 Badenach v Calvert [2016] HCA 126 PEL FROM THIRD PARTY OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY 127 PEL Due to Damage to Third Party Property 127 Caltex Refineries (Qld) Pty Ltd v Stavar (2009) 75 NSWLR 649 129 Caltex Oil v The Dredge ‘Willemstad’ (1976) 136 CLR 529 129 Perre v Apand (1999) 198 CLR 180 130 Johnson Tiles Pty Ltd v Esso Australia Pty Ltd [2003] VSC 2007 131 Christopher v MC ‘Fiji Gas’ (1993) Aust Torts Reports 81-202 132 Canadian National Railway v Norsk Pacific Steamship Co (1992) 91 DLR (4th) 289 (SC of Canada) 132 Robins Dry Dock & Repair Co v Flint 275 US 303 (1927) 132 People Express Airlines v Consolidated Rail Corp 495 A 2d (1985) 133 PEL Due to Third Party Injury 133 Barclay v Penberthy (2012) 246 CLR 258 135 PEL FROM DEFECTIVE STRUCTURES AND PRODUCTS 136 Defective Structures and Products 136 Sutherland Shire Council v Heyman (1985) HCA 137 Bryan v Maloney (1995) 182 CLR 609 138 Woolcock Street Investments v CDG (2004) 216 CLR 515 138 Brookfield Multiplex Ltd v Owners Corporation SP 61288 [2014] HCA 36 139 Owners Corporation SP 74602 v Brookfield Australia Investments Ltd [2015] NSWSC 1916 139 Rail Corporation NSW v Fluor Australia Pty Ltd [2009] NSWCA 344 139 TORT LIABILITY FOR INTERFERENCE WITH GOODS 141 Introduction 141 Armory v Delamirie (1722) 93 ER 664 141 Bryne v Hoare [1965] Qd R 135 141 McDowell v Ulster Bank (1899) 33 Ir LT JO 223 142 Elwes v Brigg Gas Co (1886) 142 South Staffordshire Water Co v Sharman [1896] 142 Bridges v Hawkesworth (1851) 142 Hannah v Peel [1945]; Parker v British Airways Board [1982] 142 Moffatt v Kazana [1968] 142 Title to Sue and Interest in Property 142 The Winkfield [1902] P 42 144 Armory v Delamirie (1722) 93 ER 664 145 Parker v British Airways Board [1982] QB 1004 145 National Crime Authority v Flack (1998) 156 ALR 501 145 Trespass to Goods 146 Hutchins v Maughan [1947] VLR 131 146 Penfolds Wines v Elliot (1946) 74 CLR 204 147 Conversion 148 Fouldes v Willoughby (1841) 151 ER 1153 149 Bunnings Group v CHEP Australia (2011) 82 NSWLR 420 150 Model Dairy v White (1935) 41 Argus LR 432 150 Howard E Perry and Co Ltd v British Railways Board [1980] 2 All ER 579 151 Detinue 151 Action on the Case for Damage to the Reversionary Interest 152 Mears v London & South Western Railway Co (1862) 142 ER 1029 152 Remedies 152 Wilton v Commonwealth