Paludicultural plants and utilisation options (selection) English name Latin name Most promising uses Other uses Peat moss Sphagnum spp. Founder material for restoration and Sphagnum farming Insulation and packaging material Orchid cultivation Food preservation Horticultural growing media replacing peat Medical dressings, diapers, and substrates for carnivorous plants, for vivaria with sanitary towels amphibians, reptiles and spiders, Sphagnum extracts as source of substrate for hanging baskets, wreathes and vegetation walls natural sunscreen Sundew Drosera rotundifolia Medicinal uses Vegetarian rennet for cheese making Cattail, Bulrush Typha angustifolia, Insulation material Combustion Typha latifolia Filling material (seed hairs) Biogas Construction material Extraction of proteins likely Packaging and disposable tableware Horticultural growing media replacing peat very Fodder Pollen for feeding predatory mites (pest control in glasshouses) Reed Phragmites australis Thatching material Paper Insulation material Biogas Construction material Liquid fuels cultivation Packaging and disposable tableware Extraction of proteins of Fodder Silicon from reed leaves for high‐ Combustion performance energy storage devices Giant cane Arundo donax Combustion Biogas Uptake Reed Manna Grass Glyceria maxima Fodder Biogas Extraction of proteins Reed canary grass Phalaris arundinacea Packaging and disposable tableware Paper Panels Biogas Fodder Liquid fuels Bedding Extraction of proteins Combustion Sedges Carex spp. Packaging and disposable tableware Paper Panels Biogas Fodder Liquid fuels Bedding Extraction of proteins Combustion Alder Alnus glutinosa Timber for carpentry, interior fittings, furniture Veneer Combustion Willow Salix spp. Fodder Weaving material (e.g. baskets) Bog Myrtle Myrica gale insect repellent flavour (e.g. beer) medicinal uses, cosmetics Cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos Food (e.g. berries, juice) Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa Food (e.g. berries, juice) Medicinal uses Wild rice Zizania aquatica, Cereal Z. palustris Japanese Millet Echinochloa esculenta Food fodder Celery Apium graveolens Vegetable Water Pepper Persicaria hydropiper Spicy leaf vegetable Holy Grass Hierochloe odorata Flavour (e. g. for drinks) Calamus Acorus calamus Flavour (e.g. for drinks), cosmetics paludiculture Water mint Mentha aquatica Flavour, tea for Perfumery Cloudberry Rubus chamaemorus Food (e.g. jam, juice) Blueberry Vaccinium myrtillus plants Bogbean, buckbean Menyanthes trifoliata Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria Valerian Valeriana officinale Butterbur Petasites hybridus Medicinal plants Garden Angelica Angelica archangelica (e.g. pharmaceuticals, cosmetics) promising Alder Buckthorn Frangula alnus Gypsywort Lycopus europaeus Water Dropwort Oenanthe aquatica Duckweed fern Azolla filiculoides Fodder Food Further Fertiliser (N‐fixation) Protein extraction Duckweed Lemna spp. Fodder Protein extraction.