orIgInAl rePort stage 1 Archaeological Assessment of Broken lt 18 con 6 jones; Broken lt 19 con 6 jones; lt 20 con 6 jones except Pts 1 & 2, 49r11289; S/T Jo206 Municipality Of The Township Of Madawaska Valley Report Author: Luke Dalla Bona Woodland Heritage Services Limited 308 Queen Street E Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 1Z1 Telephone: 705-256-5418 E-Mail: [email protected] Province of Ontario, Licence to Conduct Consultng Archaeology P065-2015 (Woodland Heritage Services Limited) Project Informaton: Stage 1, Litle Bark Lake PIF # P065-0255-2016 Proponent Informaton: Mr. Neil Enright Natonal Fur Farms Inc 118 Annie Mayhew Road Combermere,Ontario K0J 1L0 p: 480 363 6558 e: [email protected] Report Completed: February 29, 2016 Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment, Mun. of Township of Madawaska Valley, Renfrew County. /19 © 2016 Woodland Heritage Services Limited. All Rights Reserved. tABle oF contents Project Personnel .....................................................................................................................................................1 Project Background ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Development Context ............................................................................................................................................. 2 Historical Context ....................................................................................................................................................2 Archaeological Context ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Recommendatons................................................................................................................................................... 8 Advice on Compliance with Legislaton .................................................................................................................... 9 References Cited .................................................................................................................................................. 10 Figure 1. Locaton of the Litle Bark Lake study area, Renfrew County, Ontario.....................................................11 Figure 2. Property index map for the subject property at Litle Bark Lake.. ...........................................................12 Figure 3. 1:8000 scale topographic map of the Litle Bark Lake study area, Renfrew County, Ontario. ..................13 Figure 4. 1:8000 scale aerial photography of the Litle Bark Lake study area, Renfrew County, Ontario. ...............14 Figure 5. Original 1862 survey map of Jones Township. Litle Bark Lake is highlighted in red. ..............................15 Figure 6. Proponent’s proposed development map for the subject property. .......................................................16 Figure 7. Development map showing the original road allowance around Scot’s Lake and fooded lands between the original Scot’s Lake shoreline and the current shoreline of Litle Bark Lake/Bark Lake. .....17 Figure 8. Areas of archaeology potental that require Stage 2 archaeological assessment. ...................................18 Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment, Mun. of Township of Madawaska Valley, Renfrew County. /20 © 2016 Woodland Heritage Services Limited. All Rights Reserved. eXecutIve suMMAry Mr. Neil Enright of Natonal Fur Farms Inc of Combermere, Ontario contracted Woodland Heritage Services Limited to conduct a Stage 1 archaeological assessment of their property located at Broken Lt 18 Con 6 Jones; Broken Lt 19 Con 6 Jones; Lt 20 Con 6 Jones Except Pts 1 & 2, 49R11289; S/T Jo206 Municipality Of The Township Of Madawaska Valley in Renfrew County. The proponent is planning to sub-divide the property. The archaeological assessment was undertaken in accordance with the requirements of the Ontario Heritage Act (R.S.O. 1990), the The Planning Act, and the Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (2011). All archaeological consultng actvites were performed under the Professional Archaeological License of Luke Dalla Bona (P065). The subject property is located on the Canadian Shield (Secton 1.3.3, Standard 1). As a result of the Stage 1 archaeological assessment at Litle Bark Lake, archaeology potental was determined to exist. It is recommended that Stage 2 archaeological assessment take place in those areas identfed as having archaeological potental as shown on Figure 8 in this report. Due to the fact that a site inspecton did not occur, determinaton of archaeological potental was conservatve. Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment, Mun. of Township of Madawaska Valley, Renfrew County. /21 © 2016 Woodland Heritage Services Limited. All Rights Reserved. Project Personnel Luke Dalla Bona, M.A. Partner Woodland Heritage Services Limited 308 Queen Street E Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 1Z1 Licence Holder (P065) Licensee Informaton: Luke Dalla Bona Woodland Heritage Services Limited 308 Queen Street E Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 1Z1 Telephone: 705-256-5418 E-Mail: [email protected] Province of Ontario, Licence to Conduct Consultng Archaeology P065 (Woodland Heritage Services Limited) Project Informaton: Stage 1, Litle Bark Lake PIF # P065-0255-2016 Proponent Informaton: Mr. Neil Enright Natonal Fur Farms Inc 118 Annie Mayhew Road Combermere,Ontario K0J 1L0 p: 480 363 6558 e: [email protected] Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment, Mun. of Township of Madawaska Valley, Renfrew County. /1 © 2016 Woodland Heritage Services Limited. All Rights Reserved. Project conteXt Development context Mr. Neil Enright of Natonal Fur Farms Inc of Combermere, Ontario contracted Woodland Heritage Services Limited to conduct a Stage 1 archaeological assessment of their property located at Broken Lt 18 Con 6 Jones; Broken Lt 19 Con 6 Jones; Lt 20 Con 6 Jones Except Pts 1 & 2, 49R11289; S/T Jo206 Municipality Of The Township Of Madawaska Valley in Renfrew County. The proponent is planning to sub-divide the property. The archaeological assessment was undertaken in accordance with the requirements of the Ontario Heritage Act (R.S.O. 1990), the The Planning Act, and the Standards and Guidelines for Consultant Archaeologists (2011). All archaeological consultng actvites were performed under the Professional Archaeological License of Luke Dalla Bona (P065). The subject property is located on the Canadian Shield (Secton 1.3.3, Standard 1). All records pertaining to this project area currently housed in the corporate ofce of Woodland Heritage Services, Limited in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. Historical context Record Review Site fles at the ofces of the Archaeological Data Coordinator Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport (MTCS) and Woodland Heritage Services Limited site fles were checked to determine if any prehistoric sites had been previously recorded and registered either in or near the study area. Cultural Prehistory People have been living in the study area since the tme glaciers receded and the land could support plants and animals. Archaeologists have divided the precontact era (that is, before the tme of European arrival) into tme periods, described briefy below. Paleo-Indian Period (ca. 10,000 - 7,000 B.P. [before present tme]) These precontact peoples were the frst inhabitants of the area. Most likely, they arrived by following herds of caribou across the tundra/parkland environment of newly opened lands lef by the retreatng glaciers. Within a few hundred years, the Boreal forest moved in, causing an adaptaton to a forest environment and setlement concentratons along lakes and river systems. Several types of early spear points indicate that diferent groups of these early hunters moved in at various tmes. In the Thunder Bay region, Paleo-Indian sites are commonly associated with the glacial Lake Minong shoreline. However, because of the later retreat of the glaciers in the northern part of the province and subsequent fooding of the glacially-compressed landscape by pre and post glacial lakes, there Stage 1 Archaeological Assessment, Mun. of Township of Madawaska Valley, Renfrew County. /2 © 2016 Woodland Heritage Services Limited. All Rights Reserved. was a tme delay in the setlement of northern regions by colonizing vegetaton, animals and humans. It appears that people may have entered the eastern Lake Superior/northern Lake Huron area about 9,000 years ago, while archaeological work farther north in the Hudson’s Bay Lowlands suggests that human occupaton there may be limited to about the last 6,000 years. Archaic Period (ca. 7,000 B.P. - 2,500 B.P.) An environmental transiton brought about warmer, drier conditons resultng in a change in the plant and animal communites, which consequently impacted the subsistence paterns of humans living in the region now represented by north-central Ontario. These alteratons of subsistence paterns are refected in the artfact assemblages. For instance, in response to the huntng of smaller game, large spear points were replaced by smaller, notched projectle points and stone knives generally became smaller. A new technology involving the producton of stone tools by grinding rather than chipping was also utlized. About 5,000 B.P., people started to make use of copper, which was cold-hammered to form spear points, knives, gaf hooks and elaborate jewelry. One of the most complete copper assemblages for northwestern Ontario comes from a burial south of Lake