Mining of Sand (Minor Mineral), M.L. Area-44.064 Ha. Risk Assessment Report Village-Nai Nagla Manglora Jadid, Tehsil - Uun District - Shamli, U.P. RISK ASSESSMENT 1. INTRODUCTION Mining are associated with several hazards that pose impacts on employees & surrounding area necessitating adequate implementation of Safety and health measures. Hence, mine safety is one of the most essential aspects of any working mine. The proposed project is for “Mining of Sand (Minor Mineral)” located at Village- Nai Nagla Manglora Jadid, Tehsil-Uun, District-Shamli, U.P. over an area of 44.064 ha. with production capacity of 10,49,143 MTPA in Village- Nai Nagla Manglora Jadid, Tehsil-Uun, District - Shamli, U.P by By Prop. Shri. Jagjeet Singh S/o Late Shri Mitrasen. It is an open-cast semi mechanized mining project. There will be no mining activities when there is flow of water in the working zones. During rainy season, the activities will be stopped. Besides resource extraction, following activities will be kept in view: Protection and restoration of ecological system. Prevent damages to the river regime. Protect riverine configuration such as bank erosion, change of water course gradient, flow regime etc. Prevent contamination of ground water. The size of the sediments is variable. The grains, whether small or large, are round in shape. Sand is grey, brown in color, coarse to fine grained. The present deposits are of good quality and can be used for building industries. There is no other use of this material. 2. METHODOLOGY & RISK ASSESSMENT FOR MINING OF SAND OPERATION: Mining is among the most hazardous activities all around the world, being always accompanied with different incidents, injuries, loss of lives, and property damages. Risk assessment is all about prevention of accidents and there is a need to be aware that there is the risk of an accident before steps can be taken to prevent it happening. It may not always be obvious that a workplace task could lead to an accident. This is why risk assessments are carried out. In risk assessment the words Hazards and Risks are often used and it is necessary to be clear what Hazards and Risks are: - A hazard is anything that has the potential to cause harm. The risk is how likely it is that a hazard will cause actual harm. Having defined the work to be undertaken risk assessment will give a clearer picture of what could go wrong and how serious an accident could be. It will depend upon following a set model which will enable the risk to be assessed. FIVE STEPS OF RISK ASSESSMENT Step 1: Identify the hazards. Step 2: Decide who might be harmed and how. Step 3: Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions. Step 4: Record your findings and implement them. Step 5: Review your assessment and update if necessary Model for Risk Assessment. MODEL FOR RISK ASSESSMENT This model (shown in Fig.1) is best understood by working through the steps listed below; 1. Identify the hazard - How an accident might happen? Consider what or how things could go wrong when the activity is carried out. 2. Identify who is at risk - Who is involved in the activity? Who else could be at risk? 3. Remove the hazard - Can the activity be carried out in another way so as to eliminate the hazard. Mining of Sand (Minor Mineral), M.L. Area-44.064 Ha. Risk Assessment Report Village-Nai Nagla Manglora Jadid, Tehsil - Uun District - Shamli, U.P. 4. Evaluate the risk - How likely is an accident to happen? How serious would the injury be if there is an accident while carrying out the activity? 5. Decide on control measures - look at what measures have been taken already to ensure that persons do not have an accident. For example, have suitable and sufficient guards been fitted? Decide whether anything else needs to be done. For example, it may be necessary to provide extra training in the safe use of machinery and only allow trained workers to use it. 6. Record the assessment - The risk assessment should be recorded. 7. Review - The assessment will need to be reviewed every time there are changes in the workplace, for example new members of staff, new equipment, new systems of work and new location. Figure 1: Model for Risk Assessment Hazard identification (HAZID) at Sand quarry site Hazard identification and risk assessment is a continual process. At mining operation following could be the main hazard: • Blasting operation-But no blasting operation will be used at site. Light weight excavators will be used for digging and loading of mineral in tippers • Drilling operation- But no drilling operation will be used at site. Light weight excavators will be used for digging and loading of mineral in tippers • Health Hazard • Accident at site/crusher • Transportation • Natural hazards It is performed to identify whatever could cause injury, damage, ill-health, financial loss and loss of reputation to the organization. Hazard identification is an analysis to determine whether a risk agent under plausible conditions would cause harm to population or the environment. Hazard identification is an analysis which is in many ways a detailed study of operations and process, epidemiology, ergonomics. Hazard identification and risk assessment (HIRA) Objectives are to, Identify any thing that may cause injury, damage, ill-health Prioritize the risks in terms of urgency of required attentions Discover preventive or mitigating actions that can be taken in each case Create awareness in all concerned in each and every factor and activity that may cause injury damage or ill health Enhance decision making by brining all concerned and effected parties into the HIRA process Mining of Sand (Minor Mineral), M.L. Area-44.064 Ha. Risk Assessment Report Village-Nai Nagla Manglora Jadid, Tehsil - Uun District - Shamli, U.P. Encourage employees to take ownership of their own safety in terms of recognizing and reporting hazards and participating in the discovery and implementations of the solutions that will prevent incidents or mitigate the consequence. Build a team approach to Safety Health and Environment Management HAZARD IDENTIFICATION (HIZID) AND RISK ASSESSMENT Major Risks involved in River Bed Mining are following: 1. River Bed Inundation 2. Soil Erosion 3. Damage of River bank due to access of Ramps 4. River bank collapse due to close proximity of river bed mining 5. Surface degradation due to road network 6. Sand storage stacks stability Failure 7. Failure of Pit slope Other Hazards Machines used for desired Production This is a new mining contract. Following equipments are proposed to be deployed for the desired production and has been shown in below table no. 1. Table-1: List of Machineries S. No. Name of machinery Capacity Nos. 1 Scraper 2.0 m3 10 2 Tippers/ Trucks 12 tons 49 3 Water Tanker 10000 liters 5 4 Light vehicles /jeep -- 1 5 Maintenance Van 2 (Source: Mining Plan and Progressive Mine Closure Plan) This volume will deal with hazards associated with the equipment used. Loading: The main hazard associated with loading is gravel falling on to the driver, plant toppling overdue to uneven ground, failure of hydraulic systems, fires and falls while gaining access to operating cabins. Electrocution, and failure of wire ropes are added hazards with some drag line equipment. Good access must be provided to operators cabins which should be of suitable strength to protect the driver in the event of gravel/sand falling against the cab or if the vehicle rolls over. Transporting: Transporting may be categorised as any means of moving the raw product from the working face to the process plant. Minerals sand will be transported by hired trucks. Light weight excavators will be deployed for extraction. Mineral will be loaded in trucks of 25 tons capacity. Loaded trucks will travel on Kuccha road made for plying of trucks. Such temporary road will provide access to the river bed and the movement of loaded trucks. Light weight excavators will be used for digging and loading of mineral in tippers. Mining of Sand (Minor Mineral), M.L. Area-44.064 Ha. Risk Assessment Report Village-Nai Nagla Manglora Jadid, Tehsil - Uun District - Shamli, U.P. 3. MITIGATION MEASURES AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN: Possible Risks Due to Inundation & Its Control Mining will be done during the non monsoon periods so there shall be no problem of inundation is likely to happen. Mining is done by excavating the mineral in 1½ meter slice at a time with a maximum of 2 such slices. Soil Erosion Top Soil Excavated shall be reused in plantation and green belt development. No mining will be done within 10 m from the either side of river banks to maintain its protection. Mining will proceed along the river in the direction from downstream to upstream in each block. No mining will be done across the river-nalla. Uneven/ Irregular mining of sand Due to uneven/ irregular thickness of sand bed, river bed mining may result in ponds to develop. Proper management of even excavation can overcome this. Mining will be done for ½ metre thick strip at a time in the direction of river, to avoid ponding effect and maintaining the uniform surface. Disturbance of Ground water Level Excavation will be carried out up to a maximum depth of 3 meters from surface of sand deposit and not less than one meter from the water level of the River channel whichever is reached earlier. Work is to be done from dip towards rise side and also laterally towards the boundary with 1.5 m slice every time, so as not to touch the river bed water level.