FM 3-34.170/MCWP 3-17.4 (FM 5-170) ENGINEER RECONNAISSANCE March 2008 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online <www.us.army.mil> and General Dennis J. Reimer Training and Doctrine Digital Library at <http://www.train.army.mil>. *FM 3-34.170/MCWP 3-17.4 (FM 5-170) Field Manual Headquarters No. 3-34.170/MCWP 3-17.4 (5-170) Department of the Army Washington, DC, 25 March 2008 Engineer Reconnaissance Contents Page PREFACE ............................................................................................................vii INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................ix Chapter 1 ENGINEER RECONNAISSANCE ..................................................................... 1-1 Engineer Functions............................................................................................. 1-1 Army Warfighting Functions ............................................................................... 1-3 Engineer Reconnaissance ................................................................................. 1-4 Engineer Reconnaissance Team Capabilities and Limitations.......................... 1-9 Chapter 2 INTEGRATING ENGINEER RECONNAISSANCE CAPABILITIES ................. 2-1 Enabling Information Superiority ........................................................................ 2-1 Integrating Assured Mobility ............................................................................... 2-3 Staff Engineer Coordination ............................................................................... 2-4 Geospatial Integration ........................................................................................ 2-6 Planning Processes............................................................................................ 2-7 Specific Command and Control Considerations .............................................. 2-13 Chapter 3 ENGINEER SUPPORT TO INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, AND RECONNAISSANCE OPERATIONS ................................................................ 3-1 Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Planning................................. 3-1 Reconnaissance Operations .............................................................................. 3-7 Engineer Reconnaissance Operations............................................................. 3-17 Sustainment Considerations ............................................................................ 3-19 Chapter 4 TACTICAL RECONNAISSANCE SUPPORT.................................................... 4-1 Support to Mobility Operations ........................................................................... 4-1 Support to Countermobility Operations ............................................................ 4-13 Support to Survivability Operations .................................................................. 4-14 Support to Other Combat Operations .............................................................. 4-15 Other Types of Reconnaissance...................................................................... 4-27 Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. *This publication supersedes FM 5-170, 5 May 1998. i Contents Chapter 5 TECHNICAL RECONNAISSANCE – ROUTE CLASSIFICATION....................5-1 Route Classification ............................................................................................5-1 Route Classification Overlay...............................................................................5-2 Route Classification Formula..............................................................................5-4 Curve Calculations..............................................................................................5-7 Underpasses.....................................................................................................5-15 Tunnels on Routes............................................................................................5-16 Road Reconnaissance Procedure....................................................................5-20 Chapter 6 TECHNICAL RECONNAISSANCE – ASSESSMENTS AND SURVEYS .........6-1 Bridge Reconnaissance......................................................................................6-1 Other Gap Crossing Sites...................................................................................6-6 Engineer Resource Assessment ......................................................................6-14 Infrastructure Reconnaissance .........................................................................6-14 Environmental Reconnaissance .......................................................................6-21 Airfield Assessment ..........................................................................................6-23 Technical Resources and Field Force Engineering..........................................6-27 Appendix A METRIC CONVERSION TABLE....................................................................... A-1 Appendix B REPORTING...................................................................................................... B-1 Appendix C INFRASTRUCTURE RECONNAISSANCE ...................................................... C-1 Appendix D ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE SURVEY ........................................................ D-1 Appendix E MILITARY LOAD CLASSIFICATION ............................................................... E-1 Requirement for Classification Numbers ........................................................... E-1 Requirement for Vehicle Classification............................................................ E-15 Temporary Procedures for Vehicle Classification............................................ E-16 Appendix F RAPID CLASSIFICATION OF BRIDGE SPANS...............................................F-1 Appendix G SIGNS ................................................................................................................ G-1 Appendix H TECHNICAL TOOLS AND RESOURCES........................................................ H-1 SOURCE NOTES ......................................................................... Source Notes-1 GLOSSARY.......................................................................................... Glossary-1 REFERENCES.................................................................................. References-1 INDEX ......................................................................................................... Index-1 ii FM 3-34.170/MCWP 3-17.4 25 March 2008 Contents Figures Figure 1-1. Engineer primary relationships to the warfighting functions ................................1-4 Figure 1-2. Range of engineer reconnaissance capabilities..................................................1-6 Figure 2-1. Commander’s critical information requirements ..................................................2-2 Figure 2-2. Developing situational understanding..................................................................2-3 Figure 2-3. The military decision-making process..................................................................2-8 Figure 2-4. Rapid decision-making and synchronization process .........................................2-9 Figure 3-1. ISR task development process ............................................................................3-3 Figure 3-2. ISR integration .....................................................................................................3-6 Figure 3-3. Reconnaissance guidance—tempo...................................................................3-11 Figure 3-4. Zone reconnaissance graphic coordinating measures......................................3-13 Figure 3-5. Area reconnaissance graphic control measures ...............................................3-15 Figure 3-6. Route reconnaissance graphic control measures .............................................3-16 Figure 5-1. Route classification overlay .................................................................................5-3 Figure 5-2. Route widths ........................................................................................................5-5 Figure 5-3. Tape-measure method.........................................................................................5-8 Figure 5-4. Triangulation method ...........................................................................................5-8 Figure 5-5. Formula method...................................................................................................5-9 Figure 5-6. Curve symbols ...................................................................................................5-10 Figure 5-7. Percent-of-slope formula....................................................................................5-10 Figure 5-8. Map method to determine percent of slope .......................................................5-11 Figure 5-9. Pace method to determine percent of slope......................................................5-12 Figure 5-10. Angle-of-slope method to determine percent of slope.....................................5-13 Figure 5-11. Percent-of-slope symbols ................................................................................5-14 Figure 5-12. Route constriction symbol................................................................................5-15