BILINGUAL ENGLISH AND AUSLAN DEVELOPMENT SCALE Name of child:_______________________________________ E: Emerging C: Consolidated Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C 0;0- Pre-intentional Pre-intentional 0;3 . responds to familiar . coos . manual movements touch, voices, faces . vocal play . moves arms/legs to communicate . smiles . cries, smiles, to express needs . cries, smiles, to express needs . quietens and looks intently . turns towards the speaker . turns towards signer at familiar voices/faces 0;3- Intentional Intentional . smiles, takes turns, attends 0;6 to faces . vocalizes to stimuli . starts to copy signs, gestures . laughs to express pleasure . says 'm'; makes mouth movements . uses facial expressions to when talked to communicate . cries at angry voices and faces . syllable-like vocal play, with long . manual movements show vowels emergence of rhythm . maintains eye contact . uses voice to make contact with . uses gestures to attract and . puts arms up to be lifted people and to keep their attention maintain attention, request, refuse, reject . copies facial expressions; . starts to respond to name reaches towards objects © Levesque 2008 Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C 0;6- . canonical (‘reduplicated’) babbling, . manually babbles, using rhythmic . likes attention 0;9 eg. ‘baba’, ‘gaga’ hand movements, eg. repeated opening & closing, tapping . plays Peek-a-boo . vocalizes for attention . uses hand movements for attention . points to request . uses voice to join in with familiar . uses gestures to join in with rhyme/game familiar rhyme/game . uses two gestures or gesture and vocalization . recognizes and responds to own . responds to visual and tactile to: attract attention, ask name attention-gaining strategies for things, refuse . voice tuneful and expressive, . becomes excited when starting to have tone and rhythm taking turns 0;9- . uses voice to direct attention to . uses gesture/sign to direct attention . begins to point to objects, 1;0 objects people and self to objects, people and self self and others close by . variegated babbling . manually babbles with more . makes it clear through rhythm gesture, sign or . imitates new speech sounds vocalization when they . imitates familiar signs, eg. want something to happen . approximates words mummy, milk, eat again . approximates signs - simple . gestures and points handshapes . understands approximately 10-12 . understands approximately 10-12 words signs © Levesque 2008 Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C 1;0- Phonology Phonology 1;6 . imitates other children . intonation and jargon babbling first handshapes: flat, point, spread, fist, good, cup, 1 handed O’ . initiates routines . makes animal sounds (1;0-1;3) . longer vocalizations have . uses words/signs to: recognizable words and sounds, but request information meaning is unclear . ‘proximalization’ common label comment . vocalisations sound more like . location mostly correct; movement respond speech correct approximately 50% of the greet time, handshapes correct less than call . plays vocal games with adult, copies 25% of the time (depending on their sounds complexity of sign) . responds to adult conversation but often not Receptive Language Receptive Language topically contingent . understands approximately 50 words . by 1;6: understands up to 50 signs . chatters/signs to self while playing . follows 2 word commands . follows simple instructions, eg. book (point) + give + Daddy . enjoys listening to favourite story . sustains attention to favourite story . points to pictures/objects when . points to objects when asked asked (1;0-1;3) (signed) . knows and turns to own name . responds consistently to visual and tactile attention-gaining strategies . responds appropriately to wider range of sounds, words, phrases by listening alone © Levesque 2008 Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C Expressive Language Expressive Language 1;0- . first words: over and under- . first signs: over and under- 1;6 generalization generalization cont. uses 10-15 words . uses 10-15 signs . imitates familiar words . imitates familiar signs . asks ‘whaddat?’ . combines sign & point; points to objects – not always people . gestures similar to words (1;2-1;4); different to words (1;4-1;6) . some signs similar to gestures . non-manual features for yes/no questions, ‘wh’ signs may emerge 1;6- Phonology Phonology 2;0 . uses range of consonant and vowel . uses a wider range of handshapes, sounds in ‘words in more complex combinations . uses speech/sign to with locations and movements respond to adult input . uses words more often than ‘word- like’ approximations . more topically contingent Receptive Language Receptive Language . uses longer utterances to . understands up to 75 words by 1;6, . understands more signs and express intentions, eg. up to 100 words by 1;9, 250-300 fingerspelling, in more complex reject words by 2;0 structures protest notice . understands wh- questions . understands wh- questions label initiate pretend play . follows simple commands . follows simple commands . understands prepositions in/on © Levesque 2008 Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C 1;6- Expressive Language Expressive Language 2;0 . talks/signs to self cont. 1;6-1;9: produces over 20 words . uses up to 50 signs by 1;6 continuously when with correct meanings and playing, although may not increasing accuracy in . uses 100 signs by 2;0 be readily understood by pronunciation adults . 1;9-2;0: expressive vocabulary up to . 1st 2 sign utterances; may prefer . practises familiar 75 words SVO order eg. SV or VO conversational behaviours, eg. book reading, . two-three word utterances appear . first 2-sign utterances include shopping, doctor's visit pointing . possible pronoun reversal errors . pronoun reversal errors . asks wh- questions . uses wh-question signs - NMFs may disappear temporarily, but . no syntactic or morphological NMFs for yes/no questions may markers occur . no verb or noun modifications . pointing to other people reappears . some negator signs (eg. NOT) signed, but not used with NMFs . possible use of some common depicting signs, 1 handed only © Levesque 2008 Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C 2;0- Receptive Language Receptive Language 2;6 . announces intentions . understands up to 600 words . understands hundreds of signs . takes 2 conversational . follows two stage commands . follows two stage commands turns . understands more questions and . understands size, quantity and prepositions location descriptions . introduces and changes conversational topic . recognizes family members' names . clarifies and 'repairs' Expressive Language Expressive Language communication bids . uses up to 200 words . uses approximately 200 signs . uses words/signs to express emotion . uses more questions and . many handshapes and movements prepositions still simplified; location can be on face/body . beginning morphological development . uses a greater number of wh- signs . uses ‘don't’ and ‘can't’ . most verbs in citation form . uses personal pronouns . personal pronouns correct by 2;6 . uses adverbs eg. ‘now’, ‘again’ . noun-verb pairs may be incorrect . no spatial syntax - possibly relying on SVO word order instead . combines point + sign © Levesque 2008 Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C 2;6- Receptive Language Receptive Language 3;0 . understands up to 900 words . understands plurals . converses in sentences . understands all pronouns . understands all pronouns; by 3;0 . attempts to control events understands I, YOU, HE/SHE by using speech/sign . follows questions; . answers wh- and yes/no questions . follows 2-3 step commands . follows 2-3 step commands . uses 'polite' discourse behaviour Expressive Language Expressive Language . uses up to 450 words . uses 400 signs . responds to requests to clarify or repair language . uses 4-5 word sentences . still only most common depicting signs used; handshapes often . apologizes, using . different sentence forms develop eg. incorrect appropriate language statements, questions . noun-verb pairs marked in different . answers yes/no questions, what ways: facial expression, body happened posture or speed . joins sentences using conjunctions, . 4+ sign utterances, simultaneous eg. ‘and’, ‘but’ grammar emerging . over-generalization of morphology, . first use of indicating verbs, with eg. 'goed' errors . retells story . retells story . uses infinitives, eg. ‘I like to swim’ © Levesque 2008 Age English E C Auslan E C Pragmatic Language Skills E C 3;0- Receptive Language Receptive Language 3;6 . understands up to 1,500 words . understands longer utterances with . takes 4-5 conversational more complex grammar turns . understands plural vs singular commands Expressive Language . uses 'fillers' eg. ok, uh . more accurate use of handshapes, huh, mm, nod, gestures Expressive Language locations and movements, although still errors and substitutions . begins to change register . uses up to 900 words to suit younger child . more correct use of depicting sign . most speech sounds intelligible handshapes . requests permission . uses more complex grammar . movement in depicting signs . teases, jokes sometimes sequential . uses ‘won't, is he?, are you?’ . corrects others . indicating verbs more accurate for . uses plurals, possessives, present people/objects; some omission . uses descriptions to clarify indefinite articles of verb modifications for absent meaning people/objects . uses