<p>Name: ______Study Guide Aquatic Ecology 1. Water by the Numbers: % water on the Earth: ______% saltwater on the Earth: ______% freshwater on the Earth: ______% water in polar ice caps and glaciers: ______% water in lakes and rivers (surface water): ______2. What is the largest lake in the world? ______What is the largest aquifer? ______3. What is the world water use, by percentage, of: Agriculture: ______Industry: ______Cities/residence (Municipalities): ______Identify the TWO largest consumptive uses of water in the US:</p><p>4. Identify TWO abiotic and TWO biotic factors that affect aquatic ecosystems:</p><p>5. Briefly describe some of the characteristics of the ocean:</p><p>6. Identify and describe the following types of aquatic organisms: a. Phytoplankton ______b. Zooplankton ______c. Nekton ______d. Benthos ______7. Identify and describe the lotic characteristics: ______Identify and describe the lentic characteristics: ______8. Explain a watershed and the importance of floodplains and groundwater:</p><p>Define: Infiltration – Runoff – Aquifer – Name: ______Water table – 9. Describe the different zones in a lentic ecosystem and their properties: a. Littoral b. Limnetic c. Euphotic d. Profundal 10. Describe an upwelling and explain why an upwelling/turnover important in aquatic ecosystems:</p><p>11. Describe estuaries and explain why are they important environmentally:</p><p>12. Explain the importance of wetlands:</p><p>Describe TWO important ecological functions of wetlands: 1. 2. 13. Explain TWO of the issues associated with the Colorado River system:</p><p>Advantages: ______Disadvantages: ______14. Explain TWO of the issues associated with the Aswan High dam:</p><p>Advantages: ______Disadvantages: ______15. Explain TWO of the issues associated with the Three Gorges Dam:</p><p>Advantages: ______Disadvantages: ______16. Describe what happened to the Aral Sea:</p><p>17. Explain how water pollution detected and how water quality monitored: </p><p>18. Define indicator species. Explain why indicator species important in aquatic ecosystems:</p><p>19. The Clean Water Act monitors US waterways, describe the different pollutants that are monitored: Eutrophication – Organic Pollutants – Inorganic Pollutants – Sediment Pollution – Sewage Pollution – Name: ______20. Identify THREE methods of irrigation. a. ______, b. ______, c. ______Describe the importance of drip irrigation: 21. Describe desalinization and identify where desalinization is used:</p><p>22. Identify TWO ways that seawater is used:</p>