<p> DNA and Chromosomal Mutation Problems 1. Below is the base sequence for the protein for normal hemoglobin and the base sequence for the sickle cell hemoglobin.</p><p>Normal DNA GGG CTT CTT TTT Sickle DNA GGG CAT CTT TTT</p><p> a) Transcribe and translate the normal and sickle cell DNA. Normal DNA GGG CTT CTT TTT Sickle DNA GGG CAT CTT TTT mRNA ______mRNA ______protein ______protein ______(aa’s abbreviated – first three letters)</p><p> b) Identify this as a point or frameshift mutation? How do you know? ______</p><p> c) If the base sequence read GGG CTT CTT AAA instead, would this result in sickle cell hemoglobin? NO why? ______</p><p>2. Use the DNA sequence below to answer the following questions.</p><p>AAT GCC AGT GGT TCG CAC a) Transcribe and translate the DNA above. DNA AAT GCC AGT GGT TCG CAC mRNA ______protein ______</p><p> b) Study the following mutations and identify them as point (P) or frameshift (F) mutations. i) AAT GGC AGT GGT TCG CAC = _____ ii) AAT GCC AGT GGT TCG CAA = _____ iii) AAT CCA GTG GTT CGC AC = _____ iv) AAT GCC AGT GGT TCG CCA C = _____ v) AAT GCC AGG GTT CGC AC = _____</p><p>3. Which kind of mutation, point or frameshift is more harmful and why? ______4. Identify the following types of chromosomal mutations </p><p>5. Look at the following karyotypes and identify the chromosomal mutations a)</p><p> b) c)</p><p>6. Which of the karyotypes above shows “fragile X” syndrome (insertion/duplication on the X chromosome)? circle: 5a or 5b or 5c 7. Which of the karyotypes above is “Cri du Chat” syndrome (a deletion on chromosome 5)? circle: 5a or 5b or 5c 8. Which karyotype shows translocation which could be the cause of some cancers, severe autism and mental retardation? circle: 5a or 5b or 5c</p>