<p> Chapter 6 - Perception</p><p>Perception is the process of ______, ______, and ______sensory information (also known as ______)</p><p>● ______refers to the fact that we can only pay attention to one aspect of the </p><p> object at a time. Perceptions about objects ______from moment to moment.</p><p>─ ______- you focus on one voice in a crowd </p><p>– The Stroop Effect (words/colors)</p><p>– ______- the inability to see an object or a person in our midst</p><p>● ______- fail to notice a change </p><p>● Form Perception </p><p>─ ______- when vision competes with our other senses, vision usually wins</p><p>─ ______- the organization of the visual</p><p> field into objects (figures) that stand out from their surroundings</p><p>([back]ground). Can also be auditory.</p><p>─ ______- after distinguishing the figure from the ground, </p><p> our perception needs to organize the figure into a meaningful form using grouping rules</p><p>1 Chapter 6 - Perception</p><p>● ______– simple organization requiring least amount of effort</p><p>● ______enables us to judge distances. </p><p>(Gibson & Walk’s ______)</p><p>─ ______- depth perception using ______(two) eyes</p><p>● ______– images from the two eyes differ</p><p>● ______- the more your eyes converge (move inward -towards </p><p> the nose) the closer the object. The more your eyes diverge (move outward-(away from the nose) </p><p> the farther away the object is. </p><p>─ ______- depth perception using ______eye</p><p>● ______- if two objects are similar in size, we perceive the one that </p><p> casts a smaller retinal image to be farther away</p><p>● ______- objects that occlude (______) other objects tend to</p><p> be perceived as closer 2 Chapter 6 - Perception ● ______- because light from distant objects passes through more light </p><p> than closer objects, we perceive hazy objects to be farther away than those objects that appear sharp </p><p> and clear.</p><p>● ______- indistinct texture signals an increasing distance</p><p>● ______- perceive objects that are higher in our field of vision to be </p><p> farther away than those that are lower</p><p>● ______(______) - objects closer to a </p><p> fixed point move faster and in opposing direction to those objects that are farther away from a fixation </p><p> point, moving slower and in the same direction. In other words, stable objects appear to move.</p><p>● ______- the more the lines converge, the greater their perceived </p><p> distance</p><p>● ______- nearby objects reflect more light into our eyes than more </p><p> distant objects. Given two identical objects, the dimmer one appears to be farther away.</p><p>● Motion Perception</p><p>─ ______- objects traveling towards us grow in size and those moving away shrink </p><p> in size</p><p>─ ______- simulate movement by flashing </p><p>24 to 30 frames (slightly different drawings) per second</p><p>─ ______- when lights flash at a certain speed</p><p> they tend to present illusions of motion </p><p>3 Chapter 6 - Perception</p><p>● ______-perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal </p><p> images change. Perceptual constancies include constancies of ______and ______.</p><p>─ ______- the interplay between perceived </p><p> size and perceived distance (______)</p><p>─ ______- perceiving familiar objects as</p><p> having consistent color even when changing illumination</p><p>─ ______- the amount of light an object</p><p> reflects is relative to its surroundings</p><p>(______)</p><p>● Perceptual Interpretation</p><p>─ ______- perception is influenced by ______.</p><p>Kittens raised without exposure to horizontal lines later had difficulty perceiving horizontal bars.</p><p>─ ______- visual ability to adjust to an artificially displaced </p><p> visual field (______)</p><p>─ ______a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and </p><p> not another (uses ______)</p><p>4 Chapter 6 - Perception</p><p>─ ______- concepts that organize and interpret unfamiliar information. We</p><p>______them as we age.</p><p>● Facial schemas are accentuated by specific features on the face (especially the </p><p>______& ______)</p><p>─ ______- similar stimuli might cause different perceptions depending </p><p> on the context</p><p>● Context instilled by ______also alters perception</p><p>─ ______- design machines that assist our </p><p> natural perceptions (machines aid humans rather than humans aiding machines). It is a growing</p><p> field in psychology.</p><p>* Perception is both inborn and acquired (______& ______)</p><p>5 Chapter 6 - Perception</p><p>6</p>