<p> STUDY GUIDE FOR BOVINE MEDICINE</p><p>1. The population of ______cattle in the world outnumbers both Bos Taurus and Bos indicus types.</p><p>2. Breeds of dairy cattle known for both the high solids and protein content of their milk include the ______and the ______.</p><p>3. The most common breed of dairy cattle worldwide is the ______.</p><p>4. The three major English breeds of beef cattle in the United States are the ______, ______, and ______.</p><p>5. Brahman cattle were introduced to the United States because of two characteristics: ______, and______.</p><p>6. Two breeds of beef cattle developed in America are the ______, and the ______.</p><p>7. The breed of beef cattle selected for the myostatin gene is the ______.</p><p>8. “Heartbrand beef” contains lower levels of ______and higher levels of ______when compared with other beef.</p><p>9. The King Ranch in Texas was responsible for the development of the ______cattle, while the Lasater Ranch was responsible for developing ______cattle.</p><p>10. The only breed of dairy cattle to increase in number over the past several years in the United States in the ______.</p><p>11. A castrated male bovine can be referred to as either a ______or ______depending upon its age.</p><p>12. Bovine veterinary practice in the United States can be divided into three types: ______, ______, or ______.</p><p>13. Two dermatologic problems of cattle which are more common during the winter months are ______and ______.</p><p>14. One therapy that is effective against both lice and mange in cattle is ______.</p><p>15. A dermatologic condition of cattle related to parasitic fly infestation which results in damage to hides is known as ______.</p><p>16. ______infestation has been eradicated from the United States.</p><p>17. The most common skin neoplasm in cattle is ______.</p><p>1 18. An hereditary type of ______occasionally seen in Holstein or Limousine cattle is known as ______.</p><p>19. Milk allergy in cattle is manifested as ______.</p><p>20. ______is a cause of ventral midline dermatitis in cattle. The ______fly may be a vector of transmission.</p><p>21. A type of pyoderma which affects the area between the udder and the leg of a dairy cow or the cleavage area between the halves of the udder is known as ______.</p><p>22. Two plants which may cause primary photosensitivity in cattle are ______and ______.</p><p>23. ______is a topical therapy for ringworm in calves.</p><p>24. Fescue grass can be infected with two types of fungus; the ______fungus ______which causes a condition known as “summer slump”, and the ______fungus ______which produces ______, a chemical responsible for gangrene.</p><p>25. ______produces ______which is responsible for causing photosensitivity often referred to as ______.</p><p>26. Typically, joint infection in cattle leads to the development of a ______type of lameness.</p><p>27. ______is a general all-inclusive term often used to describe any bovine foot lameness.</p><p>28. Heel wart of cattle appears to be an infectious condition, while ______(or corn) is not.</p><p>29. ______is characterized by the development of an ulcerative interdigital lesion associated with ______infection, which responds usually to therapy with either ______or ______.</p><p>30. ______in cattle is often a sequel to a severe systemic disease or feed change, such as ______.</p><p>31. The typical sole ulcer lesion in cattle is referred to as a ______.</p><p>32. Lameness in cattle is most often associated with disease of the ______.</p><p>33. Factors influencing the development of lameness in cattle include ______, ______, and ______.</p><p>34. Control and prevention of clostridial disease in cattle usually depends upon ______with ______.</p><p>2 35. A breed of dairy cattle with a hard black foot is the ______.</p><p>36. ______% of cattle lameness involves the digits, and ______% of digital lameness involves the ______limbs.</p><p>37. White muscle disease of calves often responds to therapy with ______and ______.</p><p>38. Deficiency of ______or excess of ______may cause brittle bones leading to pathological fractures, especially of the ______bone.</p><p>39. An infectious cause of arthrogryposis in cattle is ______virus. A toxic cause is ingestion of ______.</p><p>40. A simple and useful technique for aiding in the treatment of a digital hoof problem in cattle is to ______a normal digit to ______on an affected one.</p><p>41. When handling cattle with respiratory disease one must not cause excessive ______, or the respiratory system may become severely compromised to the point of asphyxiation.</p><p>42. Infection of the calf's upper respiratory tract with Fusobacterium may result in ______. Therapy involves the use of an antibacterial such as______.</p><p>43. ______sinusitis is common in cattle as a sequel to ______; maxillary sinusitis is associated with ______or infectious problems.</p><p>44. Interstitial pneumonia of cattle is often referred to as ______or ______.</p><p>45. Pleuritis in cattle is a sequel to pneumonia or thoracic infections. The main clinical sign of this is ______shown by ______.</p><p>46. Differential diagnosis for pharyngeal swelling in a calf would include ______, ______, and ______.</p><p>47. Stress factors involved in the pathogenesis of shipping fever in cattle include ______, ______, ______, and ______.</p><p>48. In a herd outbreak of bovine respiratory syncytial virus antibiotics should be given because of a high incidence of ______.</p><p>49. Both ______and ______are part of the normal respiratory microflora in cattle, even though they are both capable of causing disease.</p><p>3 50. The tuberculosis test in cattle is also known as the ______test.</p><p>51. Eradication of ______in cattle in the United States and Canada has relied upon a policy of ______and ______.</p><p>52. Parasitic bronchitis in cattle is associated with ______infection. ______in the peripheral blood may aid in diagnosis.</p><p>53. Four common respiratory viral diseases of cattle are: ______, ______, ______, and ______.</p><p>54. ______ventilation in barns is a major factor in the development of respiratory disease in cattle raised and housed inside.</p><p>55. Techniques used for identification of respiratory pathogens of cattle include ______, ______, and ______.</p><p>56. Herpes virus in cattle causes ______.</p><p>57. Serological testing of viral respiratory pathogens usually involves evaluation of ______to demonstrate a ______.</p><p>58. ______and ______are clinical signs associated with caudal venal caval thrombosis, sometimes a sequel to septic disease or rumenitis.</p><p>59. ______stimulate fetal surfactant production by the fetal or newborn lung. However, exogenous administration of these drugs may suppress the ______, or affect the ______of colostral antibody from the intestine.</p><p>60. ______was a disease of cattle that was a major factor in the development of regulations requiring the pasteurization of milk. Today, the disease which determines the standard temperature for pasteurization of milk is ______.</p><p>61. False positives to tuberculosis testing in cattle may be shown by animals exposed to other ______antigens, such as ______or ______.</p><p>62. The ______test is used to differentiate between a case of tuberculosis in a cow or exposure to some other antigen.</p><p>63. ______, a relatively new antimicrobial drug used for the therapy of bovine respiratoiry disease, interferes with bacterial protein synthesis by binding ribosomes and inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity.</p><p>4 64. With respect to the therapy of bovine respiratory disease, combination antimicrobial therapy ______been shown to be superior to single drug therapy through clinical trials.</p><p>65. The majority of BVDV infections are ______or ______when they attack the cow or calf.</p><p>66. When a bovine fetus becomes infected in utero before it develops immunocompetency and is not aborted, it may be born normally as a ______infected animal. Such animals may reach adulthood and reproduce ______infected calves.</p><p>67. For mucosal disease to occur an animal must be 1) ______, and then 2) be exposed to a ______strain of BVDV.</p><p>68. Premuition is ______.</p><p>69. ______is an asymptomatic arrhythmia of cattle associated with electrolyte disturbances or gastrointestinal disease.</p><p>70. The most common multicentric neoplasm of cattle is ______.</p><p>71. Under natural conditions bovine lymphosarcoma can be transmitted horizontally by contact with infected ______.</p><p>72. Bovine lymphosarcoma virus infection may result in ______, ______, or ______.</p><p>73. Three common sites of lymphosarcoma other than peripheral lymph nodes are the ______, ______, and ______.</p><p>74. Under natural conditions bovine lymphosarcoma can be transmitted vertically in ______or through ingestion of ______. The former occurs at a rate of about 10-20%.</p><p>75. Unlike oncogenic viruses bovine lymphosarcoma virus does not carry its own ______gene. Instead, bovine lymphosarcoma virus interacts with cellular genes to produce neoplasia.</p><p>76. A control measure to aid in the prevention of bovine lymphosarcoma virus infection in calves involves ______from the dam at birth and feeding ______or ______from uninfected cows.</p><p>77. The P24 antigen test for ______determines the presence of ______in an animal.</p><p>78. A highly sensitive and rapid test for bovine lymphosarcoma is an ______test.</p><p>5</p>