<p> Table S6. Pressures indicators description and evolution that directly affect biodiversity and ecosystems in Spain.</p><p>Pressures Indicator description Indicator evolution Land use change Urbanization Number of initiate 1000</p><p> s</p><p> e 900 s</p><p> houses u 800 o h</p><p> d 700 e t</p><p> a 600 i</p><p>Period: 1970-2009 t i n</p><p> i 500</p><p> f o 400 s d</p><p>Units: Thousands of n 300 a s</p><p> u 200 initiated houses o h</p><p>T 100 0 Source: [1]</p><p>Years</p><p>Habitat New railroads 18 fragmentatio 16 s</p><p> d 14 a</p><p> n Period: 1980-2010 o r l i</p><p> a 12 r</p><p> f o</p><p>10</p><p>Units: Thousand of m K</p><p> s 8</p><p>Kilometers d n</p><p> a 6 s u o</p><p> h 4 Source: [2] T 2 0</p><p>Years</p><p>Over exploitation / Biotic materials Marine Captures of salmons in 16 species Spanish rivers 14 extracted 12 ) 0</p><p>Period: 1961-2005 0 10 0 0</p><p>0 8 1 x (</p><p>Units: Millions of tons m 6 T 4</p><p>Source: [3] 2</p><p>0</p><p>Years</p><p>Over exploitation / Abiotic materials Groundwater Groundwater extracted 400 consumption for irrigation 350 300 Period: 1961-2004 250 3</p><p> m 200 H Units: Hectometers 150 100 Source: [4] 50 0</p><p>Years Climate change Greenhouse Total greenhouse gases 160 gases emisssions 140 emissions 120</p><p> q 100 e Period: 1990-2008 2</p><p>O 80 C</p><p> m</p><p>T 60 Units: Tons of CO2 equivalent 40 20 Source: [4] 0</p><p>Years</p><p>Glaciers Surface cover by 7 permanent glaciers 6 5 a H</p><p>Period: 1982-2009 </p><p> d 4 e r d</p><p> n 3 u</p><p>Units: Hectares H 2 Source: [5] 1 0</p><p>Years</p><p>Invasive alien species Invasive alien Number of invasive 140 d</p><p> e 120 species plants c u d</p><p> o 100 r t n i</p><p> s 80 Period: 1961-2003 t n a l p</p><p>60 f o</p><p> r</p><p>Units: number of e 40 b m</p><p> species u 20 N</p><p>0 Source: [6]</p><p>Years</p><p>Pollution Pollution Total CO2 emissions 400 350</p><p>Period: 1961-2010 2 300 O C 250 m T</p><p> f o</p><p>Units: Millions of tons 200 s n o</p><p> i 150 l l i</p><p>Source: [7] M 100 50 0</p><p>Years</p><p>REFERENCES 1. Spanish National Statistical Institute. Available online (visited November 2011) http://www.ine.es/</p><p>2. World Bank (2011) World Bank data by country. Available online (visited November 2011) http://data.worldbank.org/country/spain</p><p>3. Sport fishing groups (2011) Available online (visited November 2011) http://www.vadeando.com/inicio/;</p><p>4. Spanish Ministry of Agriculture Food and Environment (2011) Anuraio de estadistica. Perfil ambiental de España. Available online (visited November 2011) http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/estadistica/temas/default.aspx </p><p>5. European Environment Agency (2011) ERHIN Program. Available online (visited November 2011) http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/es/national-and-regional- story-spain </p><p>6. Sanz Elorza M, Sanchez ED, Sobrino Vesperina E, (2004) Atlas de las plantas alóctonas invasoras en España. Dirección General para la Biodiversidad. Madrid, 384 p.</p><p>7. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (2011) Available online (visited November 2011) http://cdiac.ornl.gov/</p>