<p> Chapter 11, Section 1: War in Ancient Greece (pp. 328-333)</p><p>KEY IDEAS</p><p> Greek city-states cooperated to defeat a threat from the mighty Persian Empire.</p><p> After the Persian Wars, Athens became the dominant Greek city-state.</p><p> Rivalry between Athens and Sparta led to a series of wars that weakened all of Greece.</p><p>THE PERSIAN WARS</p><p>1. Which Greek city-states did Persia conquer in the mid-500s BCE?</p><p>The Ionian city-states</p><p>2. What caused Darius to try to conquer Greece in 490 BCE?</p><p>He was enraged that Athens had burned Sardis in support of rebelling Ionian city-states.</p><p>3. How did the Greeks win the first Persian War? (2) What was this battle called?</p><p>They took the Persian army by surprise the day after the Persians landed in Greece. </p><p>The phalanx gave them a military edge. The battle was the Battle of Marathon.</p><p>4. What advantages did the Persians have at the start of the Second Persian War? (2)</p><p>They had a huge army and the use of the Phoenician navy.</p><p>5. Where did the Persians go after their victory at Thermopylae? What did they do there?</p><p>To Athens. They burned it to the ground.</p><p>6. What was Themistocles’ trap? What was the battle called?</p><p>He hid his ships, attacking only after the Persian navy was inside the Strait of Salamis. </p><p>This was the Battle of Salamis. ATHENS RIVALS SPARTA</p><p>1. How did the Delian League get its name?</p><p>They met on the island of Delos.</p><p>2. What did the league members promise each other? (3)</p><p>To protect one another from Persia; to provide ships and to provide money for defense.</p><p>3. What evidence supports the idea that the allies of the Delian league were not all equal? </p><p>(3)</p><p> a. Athens forced some city-states to join and blocked others from leaving.</p><p> b. Athens moved the league’s treasury to Athens.</p><p> c. Athens used league funds to help build their navy and the Parthenon.</p><p>4. Why did Sparta form the Peloponnesian League?</p><p>Sparta wanted to balance or neutralize the growing power of Athens and of its </p><p> government.</p><p>THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR</p><p>1. Why do you think the Peloponnesian War lasted so long? (2)</p><p>The sides were evenly matched and unwilling to compromise or make a settlement.</p><p>2. What effect do you think the siege followed by the plague had on the Athenians?</p><p>It probably left them feeling defeated. They were weakened. They were unable to </p><p> move food into Athens. </p><p>3. Why do you think Persia gave money to Sparta for a new navy?</p><p>They wanted Sparta to defeat their old enemy Athens once and for all.</p>