<p> THE NUCLEUS PHYSICS IS PHUN - November 2008 S Be Seated – Welcome S “The Nucleus” S Summary of Program S Nu-cle-ar vs. Nu-cu-lar ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM S c = f  and E = h f Comment: Variety of EM waves - all obey the equation S IR – visible light - UV D N1-05: SPECTRA - VISIBLE AND INVISIBLE S EM Spectrum by frequency, wavelength, and photon energy THE ATOM - REVIEW S Atomic models D P3-53: ATOMIC ENERGY LEVEL MODEL S The Hydrogen Balmer Series THE NUCLEUS S Nucleus consists of protons and neutrons Comment: ~ same mass, proton positive, neutron neutral charge S Chart of Nuclides (small nuclides) S Stable Nuclides and All Nuclides S Nuclear “Models” Comment: models tell us about real physical phenomena S Water Drop Model S Binding Energy Definition S Binding Energy per Nucleon Comment: Iron most common element (page 2) WATER DROP MODEL OF THE NUCLEUS S Fission and Fusion definitions NUCLEAR FISSION S Nuclear Fission S Binding Energy per nucleon slide (again) V VIBRATING WATER DROP VIDEO V CRITICAL SIZE (NUCLEAR REACTIONS - CRITICAL SIZE) D P4-62 CHAIN REACTION - MOUSE TRAP MODEL S Controlled and Uncontrolled Fission (Reactor vs. Bomb) 2S NUCLEAR REACTOR Comments: How it works Accident at Three Mile Island (Water moderator) – NO INJURIES Accident at Chernobyl (Carbon moderator) S Advantages of Nuclear Power 3S Patrick Moore quotes S UM 250 kW REACTOR - LARGE VIEW (Cherenkov radiation) Mention MSNBC video: Rethinking Nuclear Power NUCLEAR FUSION S Nuclear Fusion – happens on sun S Binding Energy per Nucleon S Theta Pinch D K2-62 CAN SMASHER - ELECTROMAGNETIC Comment: “Atomic bomb” and “Hydrogen bomb” Comment: Fusion reactor not yet made (page 3) SHELL MODEL OF THE NUCLEUS S Nuclear Shell Model D P3-53: ATOMIC ENERGY LEVEL MODEL Comment: nuclear levels much more energetic, nuclear radiation stronger S Types of Radiation D P4-01: GEIGER COUNTER Show alphas, betas, and gammas with ranges S RADIATION EXPOSURE S Sources of Radiation Exposure S Natural Exposure U-238 DECAY CHAIN S Transparency of Uranium Decay Chain D P4-12 EXPONENTIAL DECAY - WATER MODEL D P4-14 RADIOACTIVE DECAY CHAIN - WATER MODEL Comment: Causes much of our radiation exposure Important due to long half-life Radon gas, Polonium in tobacco COSMIC RAYS S COSMIC RAY TYPES Cosmic rays cause radiation exposure and create radioactive materials (C14) D COSMIC RAYS S COSMIC RAYS HURT (page 4) MAN-MADE RADIATION EXPOSURE S MAN-MADE SOURCES S RADIATION EXPOSURE SUMMARY USEFUL RADIATION EFFECTS S USEFUL RADIATION EFFECTS I S USEFUL RADIATION EFFECTS II S OMAHA STEAK PACKAGE S USEFUL RADIATION EFFECTS III</p><p>7S NUCLEAR WASTE TEST QUESTIONS S Web Reference Materials S ATOMIC BOMB WITH WHITE CLOUD (Ultimate Sunset) Pre-Show Demonstrations CHART OF THE NUCLIDES</p><p>NATURAL RADIATION COSMIC RAYS GEIGER TUBES WITH RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS RADIOACTIVE CONSUMER PRODUCTS RADON DETECTION CANNISTER</p><p>HALF LIFE RADIOACTIVE DICE RADIOACTIVE DECAY WATER MODEL DECAY CHAIN WATER MODEL</p><p>PARTICLE PHYSICS CLOUD CHAMBERS (with alphas and betas) BUBBLE CHAMBER TRACKS - THREE DIMENSIONAL VIEWMASTER</p><p>IRRADIATED FOOD VIDEO ON FOOD IRRADIATION</p><p>RADIATION APPLICATIONS SHRINK TUBING WITH OTHER APPLICATIONS IONIZATION SMOKE ALARM Handouts: Personal Radiation Dose Table Radiation Exposure Sources</p>