<p>Respiratory System Challenge Test Name ______</p><p>1. A normal tidal volume is about ____ milliliters, and it represents ______.</p><p> a) 300; the amount of air remaining in the lungs after each breath</p><p> b) 150; the amount of air that remains in the air passageways</p><p> c) 500; the amount of air moved into and out of the lungs with each breath</p><p> d) 1200; the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled</p><p>2. Most of the carbon dioxide (CO2) carried in the blood is carried:</p><p> a) as a dissolved gas in the water of the plasma.</p><p> b) as the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in plasma.</p><p> c) bound to hemoglobin in RBCs.</p><p> d) bound to ferritin proteins in plasma.</p><p>3. Oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading between the pulmonary capillary blood and the air in the alveoli is called:</p><p> a) breathing.</p><p> b) expiration.</p><p> c) internal respiration.</p><p> d) external respiration.</p><p>4. The amount of air that enters and leaves the lungs through normal quiet breathing is known as the:</p><p> a) expiratory reserve volume.</p><p> b) inspiratory reserve volume.</p><p> c) tidal volume.</p><p> d) residual volume</p><p>5. Air in the conducting zone airways that does not contribute to gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood is called ______. a) alveolar air</p><p> b) dead space volume</p><p> c) expiratory reserve volume</p><p> d) residual volume</p><p> e) tidal volume</p><p>6. Air in the larynx on its way to the lungs would enter which of the following next?</p><p> a) Bronchiole.</p><p> b) Esophagus.</p><p> c) Pharynx.</p><p> d) Primary bronchus.</p><p> e) Trachea.</p><p>7. Air must pass through this slit-like opening between the vocal cords in the larynx to enter the trachea.</p><p> a) Alveolus.</p><p> b) Concha.</p><p> c) Glottis.</p><p> d) Palate.</p><p> e) Sinus.</p><p>8. Each of the following is directly connected to the pharynx EXCEPT the ______.</p><p> a) auditory tubes</p><p> b) larynx</p><p> c) nasal cavity</p><p> d) oral cavity</p><p> e) trachea</p><p>9. How is the bulk of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood? a) Dissolved in the plasma.</p><p> b) As the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in plasma.</p><p> c) Combined with hemoglobin.</p><p> d) As carbon monoxide (CO) in the plasma.</p><p> e) Inside red blood cells.</p><p>10. In addition to the respiratory system, what other system shares the responsibility of supplying cells of the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide?</p><p> a) Cardiovascular system.</p><p> b) Digestive system.</p><p> c) Lymphatic system.</p><p> d) Urinary system.</p><p> e) Reproductive system.</p><p>11. The main stimulus for increasing the breathing rate and depth of the lungs involves:</p><p> a) decrease in body temperature.</p><p> b) a decrease in the level of oxygen in the blood.</p><p> c) an increase in blood pH.</p><p> d) an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood.</p><p> e) an increase in the level of oxygen in the blood. 12. Which of the following statements regarding expiration is FALSE?</p><p> a) The normal pressure within the pleural space (intrapleural pressure) is always negative.</p><p> b) Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostals muscles.</p><p> c) As the intrapulmonary volume decreases, the gases inside the lungs are forced more closely together.</p><p> d) As the inspiratory muscles relax and assume their initial resting length, both the thoracic and intrapulmonary volumes decrease.</p><p>13. The partition that separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity below is called the:</p><p> a) concha.</p><p> b) epiglottis.</p><p> c) nasal septum.</p><p> d) palate.</p><p> e) thyroid cartilage.</p><p>14. What is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs called?</p><p> a) Expiratory reserve volume.</p><p> b) Inspiratory reserve volume.</p><p> c) Residual volume.</p><p> d) Tidal volume.</p><p> e) Vital capacity.</p><p>15. What muscular passageway serves as a common passageway for food and air?</p><p> a) Esophagus.</p><p> b) Glottis.</p><p> c) Larynx.</p><p> d) Pharynx.</p><p> e) Trachea. 16. Name the brain center, which sets the basic rhythm of inspiration and expiration.</p><p> a) Cerebrum.</p><p> b) Cerebellum.</p><p> c) Corpus callosum.</p><p> d) Medulla.</p><p> e) Pons.</p><p>17. Which of the following is NOT a protective mechanism of the respiratory system?</p><p> a) Coughing.</p><p> b) Cilia mucus sweeping.</p><p> c) "Dust cells."</p><p> d) Gastric juice.</p><p> e) Sneezing.</p><p>18. Which of the following is NOT involved in conducting air to the lungs?</p><p> a) Bronchus.</p><p> b) Esophagus.</p><p> c) Larynx.</p><p> d) Pharynx.</p><p> e) Trachea.</p><p>19. Which of the following is NOT true about the lungs?</p><p> a) They contain elastic connective tissue in their walls.</p><p> b) They receive air by way of primary bronchi.</p><p> c) They are divided into lobes.</p><p> d) They are located in the mediastinum.</p><p> e) They are covered by visceral pleura. 20. Which of the following is NOT true during inspiration?</p><p> a) Intrapulmonary volume increases.</p><p> b) The diaphragm contracts, moves inferiorly and flattens out.</p><p> c) Intrapulmonary air pressure decreases.</p><p> d) The external intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage and thrusting the sternum forward.</p><p> e) Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric air pressure.</p><p>21. Which of the following would increase the pH of blood leading to alkalosis?</p><p> a) Holding your breath.</p><p> b) Rebreathing air in a brown paper bag.</p><p> c) Exercising.</p><p> d) Hyperventilating.</p><p> e) Falling asleep.</p><p>22. What force causes oxygen to enter the alveoli?</p><p> a) Positive pressure; air is forced in.</p><p> b) Diffusion.</p><p> c) Negative pressure; air is pulled into the lungs as the lungs expand.</p><p> d) Osmosis.</p><p> e) Active transport.</p><p>23. Inhalation results when the:</p><p> a) intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract, and make the chest cavity bigger.</p><p> b) lungs expand and make the chest cavity bigger.</p><p> c) air pressure within the lungs increases, drawing air into the lungs from the outside.</p><p> d) diaphragm relaxes and the intercostal muscles contract.</p><p> e) intercostal muscles relax and the diaphragm contracts.</p><p>24. Oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the actual lung membrane surface into the pulmonary capillaries through:</p><p> a) osmosis.</p><p> b) differences in atmospheric pressure.</p><p> c) diffusion.</p><p> d) active transport.</p><p> e) tidal air.</p><p>25. The flap of tissue that closes to prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing is the ______.</p><p> a) pharynx b) epiglottis c) arytenoid cartilages d) thyroid cartilage e) hyoid bone</p><p>26. Pick the correct order for the path followed by an oxygen molecule as it travels from the outside to the lungs:</p><p>1. primary bronchi 2. laryngopharynx 3. nasal cavity 4. external nares 5. glottis 6. oropharynx 7. secondary bronchi 8. larynx 9. nasopharynx 10. trachea</p><p> a) 6, 3, 9, 4, 5, 2, 8, 10, 1, 7.</p><p> b) 4, 9, 3, 6, 2, 5, 8, 1, 10, 7.</p><p> c) 4, 3, 9, 6, 5, 2, 8, 10, 7, 1.</p><p> d) 4, 3, 9, 6, 2, 5, 8, 10, 1, 7.</p><p> e) 6, 9, 2, 3, 5, 4, 10, 8, 1, 7.</p><p>27. Place the following structures in their correct order, from superficial to deep:</p><p>1. lungs 2. pleural cavity 3. visceral pleura 4. parietal pleura</p><p> a) 1, 2, 3, 4.</p><p> b) 3, 2, 4, 1.</p><p> c) 2, 3, 4, 1.</p><p> d) 2, 1, 4, 3.</p><p> e) 4, 2, 3, 1.</p><p>28. The glottis is ______.</p><p> a) just superior to the larynx and esophagus</p><p> b) the moveable lid covering the opening into the larynx</p><p> c) pointed end of the lungs</p><p> d) point where the trachea divides</p><p> e) space between the vocal cords</p><p>29. The largest amount of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in the form of:</p><p> a) dissolved carbon dioxide (gas bubbles) in the blood plasma.</p><p> b) carbonic acid.</p><p> c) carbamino-hemoglobin.</p><p> d) bicarbonate ions.</p><p> e) oxyhemoglobin.</p><p>30. The nose:</p><p>1. moistens the air 2. warms the air 3. filters the air 4. contains the olfactory receptors a) Only (1), (2), and (3) above are correct.</p><p> b) All of the above are correct.</p><p> c) Only (1) and (3) above are correct.</p><p> d) Only (2) and (4) above are correct. e) Only (4) above is correct.</p><p>31. The tidal volume is air:</p><p> a) exhaled during normal breathing.</p><p> b) forcefully exhaled.</p><p> c) inhaled during normal breathing.</p><p> d) forcefully inhaled.</p><p> e) exhaled and inhaled during normal breathing.</p><p>32. The volume of air that can be forced into the lungs over the tidal volume is called the:</p><p> a) residual air.</p><p> b) inspiratory reserve volume.</p><p> c) expiratory reserve volume.</p><p> d) vital capacity.</p><p> e) reserve air.</p><p>33. What is average vital capacity?</p><p> a) It is the amount of air forced out of lungs at the end of a breath.</p><p> b) It is the amount of extra air one can take in after a normal breath.</p><p> c) It is the amount of air one takes in during hyperventilation.</p><p> d) It is the tidal volume - the forced expiration volume.</p><p> e) It is the amount of air taken in and released during a normal breath.</p><p>34. What is the form of hemoglobin that is responsible for carrying oxygen?</p><p> a) Carboxyhemoglobin.</p><p> b) Carbamino-hemoglobin.</p><p> c) Deoxygenated hemoglobin.</p><p> d) Oxyhemoglobin. e) Reduced hemoglobin. </p><p>35. What prevents food from entering the trachea?</p><p> a) Vocal cords.</p><p> b) Glottis.</p><p> c) Soft palate.</p><p> d) Saliva.</p><p> e) Epiglottis.</p><p>36. What supplies the force responsible for normal expiration?</p><p> a) Diaphragm contraction.</p><p> b) External intercostal muscles contraction.</p><p> c) Elastic recoil of the diaphragm.</p><p> d) Internal intercostal muscles contraction.</p><p> e) Simultaneous contractions of the diaphragm and internal intercostal muscles.</p><p>37. Where are the respiratory control centers located?</p><p> a) Cerebrum.</p><p> b) Hypothalamus.</p><p> c) Medulla.</p><p> d) Pons.</p><p> e) Medulla and pons.</p><p>38. Where would carbon dioxide concentration be the highest?</p><p> a) Pulmonary artery blood.</p><p> b) Pulmonary vein blood.</p><p> c) Renal artery blood.</p><p> d) Renal vein blood.</p><p> e) Hepatic portal vein blood.</p><p>Team Answer Sheet Names ______1. ______21. ______</p><p>2. ______22. ______</p><p>3. ______23. ______</p><p>4. ______24. ______</p><p>5. ______25. ______</p><p>6. ______26. ______</p><p>7. ______27. ______</p><p>8. ______28. ______</p><p>9. ______29. ______</p><p>10. ______30. ______</p><p>11. ______31. ______</p><p>12. ______32. ______</p><p>13. ______33. ______</p><p>14. ______34. ______</p><p>15. ______35. ______</p><p>16. ______36. ______</p><p>17. ______37. ______</p><p>18. ______38. ______</p><p>19. ______</p><p>20. ______</p>