Respiratory System Challenge Test Name ______

1. A normal tidal volume is about ____ milliliters, and it represents ______.

a) 300; the amount of air remaining in the lungs after each breath

b) 150; the amount of air that remains in the air passageways

c) 500; the amount of air moved into and out of the lungs with each breath

d) 1200; the amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled

2. Most of the carbon dioxide (CO2) carried in the blood is carried:

a) as a dissolved gas in the water of the plasma.

b) as the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in plasma.

c) bound to hemoglobin in RBCs.

d) bound to ferritin proteins in plasma.

3. Oxygen loading and carbon dioxide unloading between the pulmonary capillary blood and the air in the alveoli is called:

a) breathing.

b) expiration.

c) internal respiration.

d) external respiration.

4. The amount of air that enters and leaves the lungs through normal quiet breathing is known as the:

a) expiratory reserve volume.

b) inspiratory reserve volume.

c) tidal volume.

d) residual volume

5. Air in the conducting zone airways that does not contribute to gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood is called ______. a) alveolar air

b) dead space volume

c) expiratory reserve volume

d) residual volume

e) tidal volume

6. Air in the larynx on its way to the lungs would enter which of the following next?

a) Bronchiole.

b) Esophagus.

c) Pharynx.

d) Primary bronchus.

e) Trachea.

7. Air must pass through this slit-like opening between the vocal cords in the larynx to enter the trachea.

a) Alveolus.

b) Concha.

c) Glottis.

d) Palate.

e) Sinus.

8. Each of the following is directly connected to the pharynx EXCEPT the ______.

a) auditory tubes

b) larynx

c) nasal cavity

d) oral cavity

e) trachea

9. How is the bulk of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood? a) Dissolved in the plasma.

b) As the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in plasma.

c) Combined with hemoglobin.

d) As carbon monoxide (CO) in the plasma.

e) Inside red blood cells.

10. In addition to the respiratory system, what other system shares the responsibility of supplying cells of the body with oxygen and disposing of carbon dioxide?

a) Cardiovascular system.

b) Digestive system.

c) Lymphatic system.

d) Urinary system.

e) Reproductive system.

11. The main stimulus for increasing the breathing rate and depth of the lungs involves:

a) decrease in body temperature.

b) a decrease in the level of oxygen in the blood.

c) an increase in blood pH.

d) an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood.

e) an increase in the level of oxygen in the blood. 12. Which of the following statements regarding expiration is FALSE?

a) The normal pressure within the pleural space (intrapleural pressure) is always negative.

b) Expiration in healthy people is a largely active process, which relies on muscle contraction of the internal intercostals muscles.

c) As the intrapulmonary volume decreases, the gases inside the lungs are forced more closely together.

d) As the inspiratory muscles relax and assume their initial resting length, both the thoracic and intrapulmonary volumes decrease.

13. The partition that separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity below is called the:

a) concha.

b) epiglottis.

c) nasal septum.

d) palate.

e) thyroid cartilage.

14. What is the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs called?

a) Expiratory reserve volume.

b) Inspiratory reserve volume.

c) Residual volume.

d) Tidal volume.

e) Vital capacity.

15. What muscular passageway serves as a common passageway for food and air?

a) Esophagus.

b) Glottis.

c) Larynx.

d) Pharynx.

e) Trachea. 16. Name the brain center, which sets the basic rhythm of inspiration and expiration.

a) Cerebrum.

b) Cerebellum.

c) Corpus callosum.

d) Medulla.

e) Pons.

17. Which of the following is NOT a protective mechanism of the respiratory system?

a) Coughing.

b) Cilia mucus sweeping.

c) "Dust cells."

d) Gastric juice.

e) Sneezing.

18. Which of the following is NOT involved in conducting air to the lungs?

a) Bronchus.

b) Esophagus.

c) Larynx.

d) Pharynx.

e) Trachea.

19. Which of the following is NOT true about the lungs?

a) They contain elastic connective tissue in their walls.

b) They receive air by way of primary bronchi.

c) They are divided into lobes.

d) They are located in the mediastinum.

e) They are covered by visceral pleura. 20. Which of the following is NOT true during inspiration?

a) Intrapulmonary volume increases.

b) The diaphragm contracts, moves inferiorly and flattens out.

c) Intrapulmonary air pressure decreases.

d) The external intercostal muscles contract, lifting the rib cage and thrusting the sternum forward.

e) Intrapleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric air pressure.

21. Which of the following would increase the pH of blood leading to alkalosis?

a) Holding your breath.

b) Rebreathing air in a brown paper bag.

c) Exercising.

d) Hyperventilating.

e) Falling asleep.

22. What force causes oxygen to enter the alveoli?

a) Positive pressure; air is forced in.

b) Diffusion.

c) Negative pressure; air is pulled into the lungs as the lungs expand.

d) Osmosis.

e) Active transport.

23. Inhalation results when the:

a) intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract, and make the chest cavity bigger.

b) lungs expand and make the chest cavity bigger.

c) air pressure within the lungs increases, drawing air into the lungs from the outside.

d) diaphragm relaxes and the intercostal muscles contract.

e) intercostal muscles relax and the diaphragm contracts.

24. Oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the actual lung membrane surface into the pulmonary capillaries through:

a) osmosis.

b) differences in atmospheric pressure.

c) diffusion.

d) active transport.

e) tidal air.

25. The flap of tissue that closes to prevent food from entering the trachea during swallowing is the ______.

a) pharynx b) epiglottis c) arytenoid cartilages d) thyroid cartilage e) hyoid bone

26. Pick the correct order for the path followed by an oxygen molecule as it travels from the outside to the lungs:

1. primary bronchi 2. laryngopharynx 3. nasal cavity 4. external nares 5. glottis 6. oropharynx 7. secondary bronchi 8. larynx 9. nasopharynx 10. trachea

a) 6, 3, 9, 4, 5, 2, 8, 10, 1, 7.

b) 4, 9, 3, 6, 2, 5, 8, 1, 10, 7.

c) 4, 3, 9, 6, 5, 2, 8, 10, 7, 1.

d) 4, 3, 9, 6, 2, 5, 8, 10, 1, 7.

e) 6, 9, 2, 3, 5, 4, 10, 8, 1, 7.

27. Place the following structures in their correct order, from superficial to deep:

1. lungs 2. pleural cavity 3. visceral pleura 4. parietal pleura

a) 1, 2, 3, 4.

b) 3, 2, 4, 1.

c) 2, 3, 4, 1.

d) 2, 1, 4, 3.

e) 4, 2, 3, 1.

28. The glottis is ______.

a) just superior to the larynx and esophagus

b) the moveable lid covering the opening into the larynx

c) pointed end of the lungs

d) point where the trachea divides

e) space between the vocal cords

29. The largest amount of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in the form of:

a) dissolved carbon dioxide (gas bubbles) in the blood plasma.

b) carbonic acid.

c) carbamino-hemoglobin.

d) bicarbonate ions.

e) oxyhemoglobin.

30. The nose:

1. moistens the air 2. warms the air 3. filters the air 4. contains the olfactory receptors a) Only (1), (2), and (3) above are correct.

b) All of the above are correct.

c) Only (1) and (3) above are correct.

d) Only (2) and (4) above are correct. e) Only (4) above is correct.

31. The tidal volume is air:

a) exhaled during normal breathing.

b) forcefully exhaled.

c) inhaled during normal breathing.

d) forcefully inhaled.

e) exhaled and inhaled during normal breathing.

32. The volume of air that can be forced into the lungs over the tidal volume is called the:

a) residual air.

b) inspiratory reserve volume.

c) expiratory reserve volume.

d) vital capacity.

e) reserve air.

33. What is average vital capacity?

a) It is the amount of air forced out of lungs at the end of a breath.

b) It is the amount of extra air one can take in after a normal breath.

c) It is the amount of air one takes in during hyperventilation.

d) It is the tidal volume - the forced expiration volume.

e) It is the amount of air taken in and released during a normal breath.

34. What is the form of hemoglobin that is responsible for carrying oxygen?

a) Carboxyhemoglobin.

b) Carbamino-hemoglobin.

c) Deoxygenated hemoglobin.

d) Oxyhemoglobin. e) Reduced hemoglobin.

35. What prevents food from entering the trachea?

a) Vocal cords.

b) Glottis.

c) Soft palate.

d) Saliva.

e) Epiglottis.

36. What supplies the force responsible for normal expiration?

a) Diaphragm contraction.

b) External intercostal muscles contraction.

c) Elastic recoil of the diaphragm.

d) Internal intercostal muscles contraction.

e) Simultaneous contractions of the diaphragm and internal intercostal muscles.

37. Where are the respiratory control centers located?

a) Cerebrum.

b) Hypothalamus.

c) Medulla.

d) Pons.

e) Medulla and pons.

38. Where would carbon dioxide concentration be the highest?

a) Pulmonary artery blood.

b) Pulmonary vein blood.

c) Renal artery blood.

d) Renal vein blood.

e) Hepatic portal vein blood.

Team Answer Sheet Names ______1. ______21. ______

2. ______22. ______

3. ______23. ______

4. ______24. ______

5. ______25. ______

6. ______26. ______

7. ______27. ______

8. ______28. ______

9. ______29. ______

10. ______30. ______

11. ______31. ______

12. ______32. ______

13. ______33. ______

14. ______34. ______

15. ______35. ______

16. ______36. ______

17. ______37. ______

18. ______38. ______

19. ______

20. ______