<p>Name: ______Date: ______</p><p>Study Guide for Mid Summative Exam 4 & 5 (Formation of Sedimentary Rocks)</p><p>Sediments- ______</p><p>Weathering - ______Erosion- ______Deposition- ______Matrix- ______Basins- ______Compaction- ______Principle of Original Horizontality- ______Uniformitarianism- ______Principle of Superposition ______</p><p>Concepts 1. Sandstone and shale are sedimentary rocks. Sandstone is made of ______and a ______and shale is made of ______(think about the stream table, what is left at the end?) 2. Sediments form through the processes of chemical and physical ______. 3. ______is the wearing away of soil and rock by weathering, mass movement, and action of streams, glaciers, waves and wind. 4. Eroded sediments can be ______by water, wind or ice and deposited in new locations. 5. Sediments that settle in water form a flat, ______layer; each layer of sediment is distinct. 6. Sediments turn into rock through the process of ______, which involves cementation and compaction. 7. The present is the key to the______; geological processes that we observe today most likely ______in the same way throughout Earth’s history. 8. How is sandstone formed? Explain the process. ______</p><p>9. In what environment(s) does sandstone form? How do you know? ______</p><p>10. How is shale formed? Explain the process. ______11. In what environment(s) does shale form? How do you know? ______</p><p>12. Why are fern plant fossils commonly found in shale? ______</p><p>13. Sedimentary Rock Characteristics:</p><p>Rock Texture Color Acid Test Other Observations</p><p>Sandstone</p><p>Shale</p><p>Limestone 14. Sedimentary Rock Formation Environments:</p><p>Rock Environment Evidence</p><p>Sandstone</p><p>Shale</p><p>Limestone</p><p>15. Explain the Principle of Superposition and how it relates to rock layers. ______</p><p>16. Why does limestone fizz when hydrochloric acid is placed on it? a. What mineral is present that reacts with the HCl acid? ______b. Explain the chemical reaction that occurs to casue the fizzing ______</p><p>17. Describe the two ways that limestone can form in an ocean environment. a. ______b. ______</p><p>18. What is a fossil? In what type of rock are fossils usually found? ______</p><p>*** Review ALL notes and readings posted. Also review Stream Table Observation sheet</p>