<p> BIO101 Unit 13 Meiosis, Organismic Reproduction & Genetics</p><p>Study Guide</p><p>I. Asexual Reproduction</p><p>A. Budding</p><p>B. Regeneration</p><p>C. Binary Fission</p><p>II. Sexual Reproduction</p><p>A. define</p><p>B. Conjugation</p><p>1</p><p>C. Syngamy</p><p>D. Separate Sexes (dimorphism)</p><p>1. production of sex cells</p><p>2. meiosis</p><p>3. meiosis is a </p><p>E. Meiosis</p><p>1. reduction division</p><p>2. Meiosis I & Meiosis II</p><p>3. Where meiosis it occur?</p><p>2 4. What is the result of Meiosis?</p><p>F. Meiosis I</p><p>1. four phases</p><p>2. How is it different from Mitosis?</p><p>G. Meiosis II</p><p>1. two daughter cells & interkinesis</p><p>2. Describe the division as it occurs in Meiosis II</p><p>3. Describe the cellular products of this division:</p><p>3 H. Comparison of Meiosis with Mitosis</p><p>1. DNA replication occurs</p><p>2. Number of divisions mitosis vs. meiosis:</p><p>3. number of daughter cells mitosis vs. meiosis</p><p>4. genetic content mitosis vs. meiosis</p><p>5. where does mitosis occur? Where does meiosis occur?</p><p>6. Comparison of Meiosis II to Mitosis:</p><p> a. events of meiosis II compared to mitosis</p><p> b. number of daughter cells in telophse II</p><p> c. number of daughter cells at end of mitosis</p><p>III. The Human Life Cycle</p><p>A. Requires both mitosis & meiosis</p><p>B. spermatogenesis</p><p>4 C. oogenesis</p><p>D. Purpose of Mitosis </p><p>IV. Spermatogenesis</p><p>A. products</p><p>B. primary spermatocytes</p><p>C. secondary spermatocytes</p><p>D. Spermatids</p><p>V. Oogenesis</p><p>A. Meiosis I</p><p>5 B. Secondary Oocyte & Meiosis II</p><p>C. When is Meiosis II completed?</p><p>D. products of Meiosis II</p><p>VI. Notes on Sexual Reproduction:</p><p>A. sex cells contain how many chromosomes?</p><p>B. The Zygote</p><p>C. Homologous Chromosomes</p><p>VII. Early Developmental Stages</p><p>A. Fertilization & Zygote</p><p>6 B. Development</p><p>C. Embryo</p><p>D. Cleavage</p><p>VIII. Embryonic Development</p><p>A. Cleavage</p><p>B. Morula</p><p>C. blastula</p><p>D. gastrula</p><p>E. The result of gastrula stage</p><p>7 F. Ectoderm</p><p>G. Mesoderm</p><p>H. Endoderm</p><p>IX. Genetics & Inheritance</p><p>A. hereditary units</p><p>B. Thousands of genes</p><p>C. Genome</p><p>D. Family resemblance</p><p>8 X. Mendel’s Laws</p><p>A. Gregor Mendel</p><p>B. Investigation of Genetics</p><p>C. Traits</p><p>D. Law of segregation/factors</p><p>E. Alleles on homologous chromosomes</p><p>F. Locus(i)</p><p>G. Factors segregate</p><p>H. Fertilization</p><p>9 XI. Inheritance of a single trait</p><p>A. Dominant allele</p><p>B. W for widow’s peak</p><p>C. Recessive allele</p><p>D. w for continuous hairline</p><p>XII. Genotype and Phenotype</p><p>A. Genotype</p><p>1. Homozygous</p><p>B. WW – homozygous dominant</p><p>C. ww – homozygous recessive</p><p>D. Heterozygous</p><p>1. Ww – heterozygous</p><p>10 E. Phenotype</p><p>1. What is the phenotype for the following genotypes? WW & Ww</p><p>2. What is the phenotype for the following genotype? Ww</p><p>XIII. Gamete Formation</p><p>A. gamete</p><p>B. allelic pair</p><p>C. Genotype</p><p>D. Resulting gametes</p><p>XIV. Monohybrid Cross</p><p>A. one trait cross</p><p>B. parental generation</p><p>11 C. filial generation</p><p>D. Perform a monohybrid cross</p><p>E. Punnett Square </p><p>F. phenotype ratio</p><p>G. What does the phenotype ratio represent?</p><p>12 XV. More Monohybrid Crosses:</p><p>A. A mother is Homozygous dominant for righthanded (R) and the father homozygous recessive for left handed(r). Perform the cross below</p><p>1. What is the mother’s phenotype?</p><p>2. What is the mother’s genotype?</p><p>3. What is the father’s phenotype?</p><p>4. What is the father’s genotype?</p><p>Note: express the answers questions 5 – 7 as percentages or ratios after you perform the cross.</p><p>5. How many of the offspring will have the mother’s phenotype?</p><p>6. How many of the offspring will have the mother’s genotype?</p><p>7. How many of the offspring will have the father’s phenotype?</p><p>8. How many of the offspring will have the father’s genotype?</p><p>13 B. A Mother is heterozygous for a large nose (N) and the father is homozygous dominant for a large nose.</p><p>1. What is the mother’s phenotype?</p><p>2. What is the mother’s genotype?</p><p>3. What is the father’s phenotype?</p><p>4. What is the father’s genotype?</p><p>Note: express the answers questions 5 – 7 as percentages or ratios after you perform the cross.</p><p>5. How many of the offspring will have the mother’s phenotype?</p><p>6. How many of the offspring will have the mother’s genotype?</p><p>7. How many of the offspring will have the father’s phenotype?</p><p>8. How many of the offspring will have the father’s genotype?</p><p>14 C. A mother is heterozygous for big feet (F) and the father is heterozygous for big feet as well.</p><p>1. What is the mother’s phenotype?</p><p>2. What is the mother’s genotype?</p><p>3. What is the father’s phenotype?</p><p>4. What is the father’s genotype?</p><p>Note: express the answers questions 5 – 7 as percentages or ratios after you perform the cross.</p><p>5. How many of the offspring will have the mother’s phenotype?</p><p>6. How many of the offspring will have the mother’s genotype?</p><p>7. How many of the offspring will have the father’s phenotype?</p><p>8. How many of the offspring will have the father’s genotype?</p><p>9. How many of the offspring will be homozygous dominant?</p><p>10.How many of the offspring will homozygous recessive?</p><p>15</p>