<p>Name ______Due date ______2017 ACCELERATED BIOLOGY REVIEW FOR FINAL EXAM</p><p>1. Discuss the methods of artificial selection giving the pros and cons of each. Selective breeding:</p><p>Inbreeding:</p><p>Hybridization:</p><p>2. Describe the following genetic disorders and how they are inherited:</p><p>Colorblindness</p><p> sickle cell anemia</p><p> hemophilia</p><p>3. Cross a normal color vision female who is a carrier for colorblindness with a normal color vision male. What are the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring for each sex?</p><p>4. Wavy hair results in all the offspring of a parent with straight hair and a parent with curly hair. What do we call this type of inheritance? Cross two wavy-haired parents. Show the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring.</p><p>5. How is the sex of a human infant determined, and what is the probability that it will be a male or female? 6. Be able to analyze a pedigree showing the following patterns of inheritance:</p><p> a. autosomal dominant</p><p> b. autosomal recessive</p><p> c. sex-linked recessive</p><p>7, Be able to analyze the following from a karyotype diagram:</p><p> a. Klinefelter’s Syndrome</p><p> b. gender</p><p> c. Turner’s Syndrome</p><p> d. Down Syndrome</p><p>8. Define the following genetic mutations: a. Deletion</p><p> b. duplication</p><p> c. inversion</p><p> d. translocation</p><p>9. Differentiate between multiple allele inheritance and polygenic inheritance. Give an example of each.</p><p>10. What are possible causes of genetic mutations?</p><p>11. What did the Human Genome Project accomplish in 2003? 12. What is meant by recombinant DNA? Give an example of how it can be used.</p><p>13. How can a DNA fingerprint be produced and how can it be used?</p><p>14. Identify the contributions of the following scientists.</p><p>A. Lynn Margulis</p><p>B. Darwin</p><p>D. Pasteur</p><p>15. Discuss Lamarck’s theory of evolution through acquired traits. </p><p>16. Discuss Darwin’s theory of evolution through natural selection.</p><p>17. What types of evidence do scientists have for evolution? 18. Define and give examples of the following: </p><p> a. analogous structure</p><p> b. homologous structure</p><p> c. vestigial structure</p><p>19. Differentiate between genetic drift and evolution.</p><p>20. What language is used for scientific names and why?</p><p>21. List the 8 main categories used in classification of organisms. Which is the most general category and which is the most specific?</p><p>22. What is binomial nomenclature and which categories are used in determining a scientific name?</p><p>23. How can one determine which species are more closely related? 24. What are the 6 kingdoms? What are the important characteristics of each kingdom? Give examples of organisms from each kingdom.</p><p>25. Label the parts of a bacteriophage virus particle. List the functions of the parts.</p><p>26. Diagram and identify the major types of heterotrophic bacteria including the arrangements in which they are found.</p><p>27. Define: a. pathogen - </p><p> b. antigen - </p><p> c. antibody - </p><p> d. vaccine - e. toxin - </p><p> f. lytic - </p><p> g. lysogenic - </p><p> h. endospore - </p><p> i. capsid</p><p> j. antibiotic</p><p>28. What are harmful effects of bacteria and what are beneficial uses of bacteria?</p><p>29. Be able to identify the following protists and label key structures and functions:</p><p> a. amoeba b. euglena c. paramecium d. volvox</p><p>30. Describe types of asexual reproduction and give examples of organisms that use these different types of asexual reproduction.</p><p>31. What is osmosis and how does it relate to plants?</p><p>32. What is transpiration and what could influence its rate? 33. Define: a. geotropism</p><p> b. Phototropism</p><p>34. What are the functions of these plant parts? </p><p> a. leaves</p><p> b. stems</p><p> c. roots</p><p> d. flowers</p><p> e. seed</p><p>35. List adaptations of land plants</p><p>36. What are the general characteristics of organisms in the Kingdom Animalia?</p><p>37. What are the major invertebrate phyla and their characteristics? Give examples of animals from each of these phyla. 38. Which animal phylum and class account for most animal species?</p><p>39. Compare incomplete and complete metamorphosis. </p><p>40. Give examples of organisms with closed and open circulatory systems and what each is,.</p><p>41. What are bilateral and radial symmetry? Give examples of animals showing bilateral and radial symmetry.</p><p>42. Define: hermaphrodite - </p><p>43. What are the characteristics of: </p><p> a. mammals?</p><p> b. birds?</p><p> c c. reptiles? d</p><p> e d. amphibians?</p><p> e. Fish? 44. What is cephalization?</p><p>45. Define: Label the planes of the pig using the terms below</p><p> anterior – dorsal - </p><p> posterior - ventral -</p><p>46. Be able to label the external anatomical parts of a fetal pig.</p><p>47. Be able to label the internal organs of a fetal pig.</p><p>48. Be familiar with the structures in a flower and their function</p><p>ECOLOGY</p><p>46. . Define and give examples of: a. Biodiversity - </p><p> b. Renewable resources - </p><p> c. Nonrenewable resources - </p><p> d. Invasive species - e. Endangered species - </p><p> f. Extinct species - </p><p> g. Biological magnification - </p><p> h. Food web - </p><p> i. Food chain - </p><p>47. .Discuss the predator – prey relationship and the three types of symbiotic interactions between species. Give examples of each and be able to analyze a predator-prey graph.</p><p>48. Differentiate between abiotic and biotic factors in an ecosystem and give an example of each.</p><p>49. Explain how changes in biodiversity can impact ecosystems. </p><p>50. Be able to analyze an energy pyramid and calculate the available energy at each trophic level.</p><p>Accelerated Biology Final Review Diagrams Label the indicated structures on these Protists. Also know their functions</p><p>Organism: ______Organism: ______Organism: ______</p><p>Organism: ______What is it? ______Identify the shapes of the bacteria Label this diagram of a bacterium </p><p>Identify the genetic disorder in the 4 illustrated Karyotypes</p><p>Identify the parts of the flower Label the parts of the seed Label the indicated earthworm structures and give the functions.</p><p>Label the structures of the digestive system of a fetal pig and state the functions.</p><p>Identify the following on the food web shown above: What is this graph showing you? Producers Decomposers Primary consumers (herbivores) Secondary consumers (carnivores) Top consumer Be able to evaluate the impact of biological magnification on the organisms shown.</p>