<p>Biology Name: Intro to Genetics 11-1, 11-2 Notes</p><p>The Work of Gregor Mendel</p><p>Genetics: The scientific study of ______</p><p>Terms to Know</p><p>Fertilization- The process where male and female ______unite. </p><p>True-breeding- Self- ______produces ______</p><p>Cross-pollination- Pollen from one flower fertilizes a second ______flower producing ______</p><p>Trait- A specific ______that varies from one ______to another. </p><p>Mendel’s experiment: </p><p>Step 1: Create a Pure Generation</p><p>WHY?</p><p>Give an example of his pea plant pure generation:</p><p>Step 2: </p><p>WHY?</p><p>Give an example and data from his pea plants:</p><p>F1= First ______= true breeding offspring</p><p>Hybrid= The offspring of crosses between parents with different ______.</p><p>Step 3:</p><p>WHY?</p><p>Give example and data from his F2 pea plants:</p><p>Mendel’s Conclusions: Biological inheritance is determined by ______that are passed from one generation to the next. Every trait is controlled by one ______that occurs in 2 contrasting forms called ______.</p><p>Vocabulary</p><p>Genes- A sequence of ______that codes for a ______and thus determines a trait.</p><p>Alleles- Different forms of a ______. </p><p>Principle of Dominance -Alleles are ______or ______.</p><p>-An organism with a ______allele for a trait will ______exhibit that form of the trait.</p><p>-An organism with a ______allele for a trait will exhibit that form only if the dominant allele is ______present.</p><p>**In Mendel’s experiment with flower color: Which color was dominant? ______Which color was recessive? ______Important Vocabulary:</p><p>Capital letters = ______trait Lower case letters= ______trait. </p><p>Homozygous- Having two ______alleles for a particular trait. (aka ______)</p><p>Heterozygous-Having two ______alleles for a particular trait. (aka ______)</p><p>Phenotype- ______characteristics Genotype- ______make up</p><p>Probability- The ______that a particular event will occur.</p><p>Punnett square- ______used to show genetic combinations from a cross. Used to predict and compare genetic variations that ______occur.</p><p>Law of Segregation:</p><p>Segregation = ______Factors for different characteristics are distributed to gametes independently. Each gamete carries a ______copy of each ______.</p>