<p> Electronic Supplementary Material</p><p>ESM 1</p><p>.(Optical devices based on Live Cell Arrays (LCA</p><p>Figure ESM 1 a) Slide-based capillary single cell LCA. (b) Bright-field image of the 20 μm) diameter PW working surface of the slide-based LCA. Magnification ×20, scale bar 0.1 mm. (c) Home-made Petri dish-based multicellular polymer LCA. (d) The SEM micrographs present the PW working surface and (e) the single PW (250μm diameter, (135μm width</p><p>ESM 2</p><p>.Calibration of the fluorescent signal (FI) of HSA-Mag NP .Fluorescence signals were calibrated both in NP solutions and intracellularly For calibration of NP fluorescence signal we initially used cell-free NP solutions. The emitted fluorescence from NP solutions at increasing concentrations was measured .using a spectrophotometer Increasing NP concentration resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the intensity of the emitted fluorescence (Fig. S2-a), and the plot was best fitted with a linear regression function (R2 = 0. 965). However, an exponential distribution was evident (R2=0.843) when individual cell mean FI was plotted vs the corresponding number of .(accumulated NPs (Fig S2 b</p><p>Figure ESM 2 a) FI of the HSA-Mag NP solution in DMEM medium (without phenol red) was) measured in the Victor spectrophotometer and demonstrated good approximation to</p><p>.(linear regression (R2=0.9659 b) Intracellular fluorescent signal showed exponential character of the relationship) between FI and intracellular NP number (R2=0.843). A constant change in the</p><p>.intracellular FI is dependent on the proportional change in the NP number X axis is Ln (NP number) in the ROIs calculated from particle analysis; and Y axis is intracellular FI as Gray Value Mean of each particle within the ROI (particle .(analysis</p><p>ESM 3</p><p>Calculation of 3D spheroid volume Volume of the A172 spheroids were calculated using Equivalent Circle Diameter (ECD) parameter, which is the diameter of a circle that has an area equal to the area of the Region Of Interest (ROI) in the images. ROIs of the spheroids grown from A172</p><p>(cells are defined in bright light images by discretionary red lines. (Figure ESM 3</p><p>.Figure ESM 3 Bright field image of multi cellular spheroid structures of glial cells formed within LCA (250 µm diameter). Red lines outline the area of the spheroid from which the</p><p>.volume is calculated. Magnification ×20, scale bar 100 μm ESM 4</p><p>Clip 1 demonstrates the transition from round cell morphology to spread one during first three hours of the monolayer formation (bright field). A172 cells with the accumulated HSA-NPs were loaded into the 250 µm LCA for monolayer formation .under real-time observation</p><p>ESM 5</p><p>Clip 2. The initial change in intracellular fluorescent signal was observed .simultaneously</p>