<p> Honors Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide</p><p>Name______Period______</p><p>Read p. 51 1. Who used the term “cells” to view cork?______2. Who made a more refined microscope to view pond water?______</p><p>Read pp. 52-53 Fill in the following chart: Type of Microscope How it works Maximum magnification LM</p><p>SEM</p><p>TEM</p><p>Define: magnification</p><p>Define: micrograph</p><p>Define: resolution</p><p>What are two parts of the Cell Theory? 1.</p><p>2.</p><p>Read p. 54 1. Circle: Large cells have (more or less) surface area than small cells, but they have much (more or less) surface area relative to their volume than small cells.</p><p>2. Describe a plasma membrane: Honors Biology Study Guide 4 p. 2 3. Draw a sketch of a phospholipid membrane, labeling the hydrophobic and the hydrophilic regions. </p><p>4. What are some molecules that can freely move through a phospholipid membrane?</p><p>What are some molecules that cannot freely move through a phospholipid membrane?</p><p>Read p. 55 1. Contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells:</p><p>2. Draw a sketch of a bacteria cell (label ribosomes, nucleoid, capsule, cell wall, plasma membrane, flagella and fimbriae.</p><p>Read p. 56-57 Fill in the chart : Organelle Structure (can sketch) Function nucleus</p><p>Very small found on ER or in cytoplasm</p><p>Energy processing</p><p>Long whip-like </p><p>Plasmodesmata</p><p>Green, contains chlorophyll</p><p>Protein fibers that extend throughout the cell Cell Wall</p><p>Honors Biology Study Guide p. 3</p><p>Read p. 58 1. What is the difference among DNA, chromatin, and chromosomes?</p><p>2. What is the job of the nucleolus? </p><p>3. Where is mRNA made and what is its job?</p><p>Read p. 59 1. What is the job of ribosomes?</p><p>2. Ribosomes can be found in what two areas of the cell?</p><p>3. What structures are included in the endomembrane system?</p><p>4. What does ER stand for?______</p><p>Read pp. 60-61 Fill in the chart: Smooth ER Synthesizes: Organ with lots of Functions to store What it looks like: Smooth ER: ______ions</p><p>Rough ER Makes more: Tiny sacs of the Proteins in the What it looks like: membrane are rough ER make: called:</p><p>Honors Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide p. 4 Read p. 61 Draw what the Golgi apparatus looks like:</p><p>What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?</p><p>Read p. 62 Draw what the lysosome looks like:</p><p>Describe at least three functions of the lysosome:</p><p>Read p. 63</p><p>Read pp. 63-4 Fill in the chart: ORGANELLE Function Special structures Sketch</p><p>Mitochondrion</p><p>Chloroplast</p><p>According to the endosymbiont hypothesis what are chloroplasts and mitochondrion once thought to be?</p><p>Honors Biology Chapter 4 Study Guide p. 5</p><p>Read p. 65 Fill in the chart: Cytoskeleton Type Structure Description Function Description Examples Microfilament</p><p>Intermediate filament</p><p>Microtubule</p><p>Read p. 66-68 What is the difference between the structure of cilia and of flagella?</p><p>What is meant by 9+2?</p><p>What does ECM stand for? What is it mostly made of? What are integrins? What is pectin?</p><p>Describe the three types of cell junctions found in animal tissues? Tight Junctions Anchoring Junctions Gap Junctions Describe each of these parts of plant cell enclosures: Cell wall Primary layer Secondary Wall Plasma membrane </p><p>Read p. 69 List organelles that are found in each category: Genetic control Manufacturing, Energy Processing Structural support, distribution, breakdown movement, communication</p>