T.C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ KAPI DAĞI (ISPARTA) SUBALPİN KESİMLERİNİN YAPRAK BÖCEKLERİNİN (COLEOPTERA, CHRYSOMELIDAE) TÜR ÇEŞİTLİLİĞİ Serdar BİLGİNTURAN Danışman: Doç. Dr. Ali GÖK YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ BİYOLOJİ ANA BİLİMDALI ISPARTA - 2009 i İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa İÇİNDEKİLER .............................................................................................................i ÖZET.. ......................................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT................................................................................................................ vi TEŞEKKÜR...............................................................................................................vii ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ...................................................................................................viii ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ ............................................................................................... ix 1. GİRİŞ ....................................................................................................................... 1 2. MATERYAL VE YÖNTEM ................................................................................... 7 2.1. Çalışma Alanı........................................................................................................ 7 2.2. Çalışma İstasyonları.............................................................................................. 8 2.2.1. Kuzey Yamaç İstasyonları ................................................................................. 8 2.2.2. Güney Yamaç İstasyonları ............................................................................... 10 2.3. Örneklerin Toplanma Metodu ve Preparasyon İşlemi ........................................ 13 2.4. Verilerin Analizi ................................................................................................. 14 3. ARAŞTIRMA BULGULARI ................................................................................ 17 3.1. Tespit Edilen Altfamilya ve Türler ..................................................................... 17 3.1.1. Altfamilya: Criocerinae.................................................................................... 17 3.1.1.1. Lilioceris faldermanni (Guérin, 1829) .......................................................... 17 3.1.2. Altfamilya: Clytrinae ....................................................................................... 17 3.1.2.1. Clytra atraphaxidis (Pallas, 1773) ................................................................ 17 3.1.2.2. Clytra bodemeyeri Weise, 1900.................................................................... 18 3.1.2.3. Clytra laeviuscula Ratzeburg,1837............................................................... 18 3.1.2.4. Clytra novempunctata Oliver, 1808.............................................................. 18 3.1.2.5. Coptocephala unifasciata (Scopoli, 1763).................................................... 18 3.1.2.6. Labidostomis asiatica Faldermann, 1837 ..................................................... 19 3.1.2.7. Labidostomis maculipennis Lefèvre, 1870 ................................................... 19 3.1.2.8. Labidostomis metallica Lefèvre, 1872.......................................................... 19 3.1.2.9. Labidostomis propinqua Faldermann, 1837 ................................................. 20 3.1.2.10. Labidostomis rufa (Waltl, 1838)................................................................. 20 3.1.2.11. Smaragdina biornata Lefèvre, 1872........................................................... 20 3.1.2.12. Smaragdina limbata (Steven, 1806) ........................................................... 20 3.1.2.13. Smaragdina xanthaspis (Germar, 1824) ..................................................... 20 i 3.1.3. Altfamilya: Cryptocephalinae .......................................................................... 21 3.1.3.1. Cryptocephalus bipunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758) ............................................. 21 3.1.3.2. Cryptocephalus duplicatus Suffrian, 1847.................................................... 21 3.1.3.3. Cryptocephalus elegantulus Gravenhorst, 1807 ........................................... 21 3.1.3.4. Cryptocephalus flavipes Fabricius, 1781 ...................................................... 22 3.1.3.5. Cryptocephalus imperialis Laicharting, 1781............................................... 22 3.1.3.6. Cryptocephalus moehringi Weise, 1884....................................................... 22 3.1.3.7. Cryptocephalus octacosmus Bedel, 1891 ..................................................... 22 3.1.3.8. Cryptocephalus octomaculatus Rossi, 1790 ................................................. 23 3.1.3.9. Cryptocephalus prusias Suffrian, 1853......................................................... 23 3.1.3.10. Cryptocephalus sericeus (Linnaeus, 1758)................................................. 23 3.1.3.11. Cryptocephalus trimaculatus Rossi, 1790 .................................................. 23 3.1.3.12. Cryptocephalus turcicus Suffrian, 1847 ..................................................... 24 3.1.3.13. Cryptocephalus virens Suffrian, 1847......................................................... 24 3.1.3.14. Pachybrachis fimbriolatus (Suffrian, 1848) ............................................... 24 3.1.3.15. Pachybrachis limbatus (Ménétriés, 1836) .................................................. 24 3.1.3.16. Pachybrachis tesellatus (Oliver, 1791)....................................................... 24 3.1.4. Altfamilya: Eumolpinae................................................................................... 25 3.1.4.1. Macrocoma rubripes (Schaufuss, 1862)....................................................... 25 3.1.4.2. Bromius obscurus (Linnaeus, 1758) ............................................................. 25 3.1.5. Altfamilya: Chrysomelinae .............................................................................. 25 3.1.5.1. Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825) .................................................... 25 3.1.5.2. Chrysolina sahlbergi (Ménétriés, 1832) ....................................................... 26 3.1.5.3. Entomoscelis suturalis Weise, 1882 ............................................................. 27 3.1.5.4. Gonioctena fornicata Brüggemann, 1873..................................................... 27 3.1.5.5. Timarcha tenebricosa (Fabricius, 1775)....................................................... 27 3.1.6. Altfamilya: Galerucinae................................................................................... 27 3.1.6.1. Calomicrus apicalis Demaison, 1891 ........................................................... 27 3.1.6.2. Calomicrus chevrolati (Joannis, 1866) ......................................................... 28 3.1.6.3. Diorhabda fischeri (Faldermann, 1837) ....................................................... 28 3.1.6.4. Exosoma neglectum Mohr, 1968................................................................... 28 3.1.6.5. Galeruca interrupta (Illiger, 1802)............................................................... 28 3.1.6.6. Galeruca tanaceti (Linnaeus, 1758) ............................................................. 28 3.1.6.7. Luperus xanthopoda (Schrank, 1781)........................................................... 29 ii 3.1.6.8. Nymphius lydius (Weise, 1886) .................................................................... 29 3.1.6.9. Phyllobrotica elegans Kraatz, 1866.............................................................. 29 3.1.7. Altfamilya: Cassidinae..................................................................................... 30 3.1.7.1. Cassida fausti Spaeth et Reitter, 1926 .......................................................... 30 3.1.7.2. Cassida rubiginosa Müller, 1776.................................................................. 30 3.1.7.3. Cassida viridis Linnaeus, 1758..................................................................... 30 3.1.7.4. Hypocassida subferruginae (Schrank, 1776)................................................ 31 3.1.8. Altfamilya: Alticinae........................................................................................ 31 3.1.8.1. Altica oleracea (Linnaeus, 1758).................................................................. 31 3.1.8.2. Apthona pygmae Kutschera, 1861................................................................. 32 3.1.8.3. Apthona atrovirens (Förster, 1849)............................................................... 32 3.1.8.4. Chaetocnema concinna (Marsham, 1802) .................................................... 32 3.1.8.5. Crepidodera aurata (Marsham, 1802).......................................................... 32 3.1.8.6. Derocrepis anatolica Heikertinger, 1922 ..................................................... 33 3.1.8.7. Dibolia kralii Mohr, 1981............................................................................. 33 3.1.8.8. Dibolia timida (Illiger, 1807)........................................................................ 33 3.1.8.9. Longitarsus alfierii klapperichi Mohr, 1962................................................. 34 3.1.8.10. Longitarsus luridus (Scopoli, 1763) ........................................................... 34 3.1.8.11. Longitarsus lycopi (Foudras, 1860) ...........................................................