<p>Anthropology 100: Ch. 6: Reproduction & Human Development 1. How are modes of reproduction related to modes of livelihood?</p><p>A. Foraging Additional notes Examples?</p><p> Moderate birth and death rates</p><p> Moderate value of children</p><p> Birth/fertility control →</p><p> Homogeneous</p><p>B. Agricultural</p><p> High birth rates + declining death rates</p><p> High value of children</p><p> Birth/fertility control →</p><p> Class differences and specialization</p><p>C. Industrial/Digital </p><p> Industrialized = negative population growth; developing countries = high population growth</p><p> Mixed value of children</p><p> Birth/fertility control →</p><p> Stratified fertility and highly developed speciali- zation</p><p>2. How does culture shape fertility in different contexts?</p><p>1 A. Sexual Intercourse Additional notes Examples?</p><p> When it begins</p><p> Frequency/fertility</p><p>B. Fertility Decisions</p><p> Family level</p><p> State level</p><p> Global level</p><p>C. Fertility Control</p><p> Indigenous methods</p><p> Induced abortion</p><p> New reproductive technologies</p><p>D. Infanticide</p><p> Direct</p><p> Indirect</p><p> Modernization of mortality</p><p> Infant mortality rate</p><p>3.How does culture shape personality over the life cycle?</p><p>2 A. Birth, Infancy, Childhood Additional notes Examples?  What is personality?</p><p> What is enculturation?</p><p> The birth context</p><p> Bonding</p><p> Gender in infancy</p><p>B. Socialization in Childhood The Six Cultures Study (1975) Personality types:  Nurturant-responsible</p><p> Dependent-dominant</p><p> Narcissistic</p><p>C. Adolescence and Identity</p><p> Puberty</p><p> Adolescence</p><p> Coming of age and gender identity</p><p> Female circumcision</p><p> Infibulation</p><p> Sexual identity</p><p> Gender pluralism</p><p> Asexuality</p><p>D. Adulthood</p><p> Becoming a parent</p><p>3 --matrescence Couvade?</p><p>--patrescence</p><p> Middle age --the 40 syndrome (U.S. men)</p><p>--midlife crisis</p><p>--menopause</p><p> The senior years --relatively “new”—Why??</p><p>--status of the elderly</p><p> Death and dying --resistance to death</p><p>--active participants in death</p><p>--choices for terminally ill</p><p>--ability to hold “proper” burial</p><p>--varying expressions of grief</p><p>4</p>