<p> KEY TERMS: EVIDENCE FOR EVOLUTION Standards - 6.A - The student is expected to: identify components of DNA, and describe how information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the DNA (R) 7.A - The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry among groups is provided by the fossil record, biogeography, and homologies, including anatomical, molecular, and developmental (R) KEY TERMS /DEFINITION Diagram KEY TERMS /DEFINITION Diagram Common Ancestor Fossil Record</p><p>Shared Decendants Information gathered over time by the collection of fossils </p><p>Cladogram Phylogeny</p><p>Picture Showing Evolutionary Study of Evolutionary Relationships Relationships </p><p>Continental Drift Biogeography</p><p>Movement of Continents Geographical Distribution of Species </p><p>Homologous Structure Bat Wing Vestigal Structure Appendix & SAME structure, different function Human Arm Structure we DON’T use anymore</p><p>Developmental Homology Analogous Structure</p><p>Embryology– study of organisms Same Function, Different Structure before birth</p><p>Embryology Molecular Homology</p><p>Comparisons between embryos Comparisons between DNA, RNA or (babies) protein</p><p>Vertebrate</p><p>Organisms with a vertebral column (backbone) KEY TERMS: MECHANISMS OF EVOLUTION & NATURAL SELECTION Standards - 7.C - The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate how natural selection produces change in populations, not individuals 7.D - The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate how the elements of natural selection, including inherited variation, the potential of a population to produce more offspring than can survive, and a finite supply of environmental resources, result in differential reproductive success 7.E - The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate the relationship of natural selection to adaptation and to the development of diversity in and among species (R) 7.F - The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate the effects of other evolutionary mechanisms, including genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, and recombination KEY TERMS /DEFINITION Diagram KEY TERMS /DEFINITION Diagram Charles Darwin Natural Selection</p><p>Father of Evolution/Natural Survival of the Best Adapted to Selection environment</p><p>Directional Selection Disruptive Selection</p><p>One extreme phenotype is favored Either extreme phenotype is instead of average phenotype favored, but NOT the average one</p><p>Stabilizing Selection Adaptation</p><p>Average phenotype is favored so Trait that makes you more “fit” (for much the extreme ones disappear your environment) </p><p>Adaptive Radiation Behavioral Adaptation</p><p>Occurs when an organism changes Things organisms do to survive quickly into many new forms</p><p>Differential Reproductive Success Finite Supply of Food</p><p>Organisms that are more “fit” Limited resources in environment reproduce more and increase their numbers within a population Genetic Drift Gene Flow</p><p>Random Changes in the number of Movement of Alleles (genes) into an Allele (gene) in a population or out of a population</p><p>Mutations Recombination</p><p>Change in Genetic Material (DNA) New genetic combinations made during crossing over (meiosis)</p><p>Allelic Frequency Gene Pool</p><p>How often an allele is seen-shows Types of genes in one reproductive genetic diversity group </p><p>Inherited Variation</p><p>Offspring do not look exactly like mom or dad because they have a unique set of genetic material KEY TERMS: HISTORY OF THE EARTH Standards - 7.B- The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate scientific explanations concerning any data of sudden appearance, stasis, and sequential nature of groups in the fossil record 7.G - The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate scientific explanations concerning the complexity of the cell 9.D - The student is expected to: analyze and evaluate the evidence regarding formation of simple organic molecules and their organization into long complex molecules having information such as the DNA molecule for self-replicating life. KEY TERMS /DEFINITION Diagram KEY TERMS /DEFINITION Diagram Cyanobacteria Primordial Soup Gets energy through photosynthesis; possibly 1st Theory stating organic molecules organism on earth; oxygenated came from the oceans to atmosphere eventually create living organisms Spontaneous Generation Endosymbiosis Mitochondria & Chloroplasts lived Theory that living organisms came without the cell and then went into from non-living materials a larger cell (making eukaryotic cells) Evolution Gradualism</p><p>Change over time Slow and Steady Change over time</p><p>Punctuated Equilibrium Convergent Evolution</p><p>Hurry up and wait Organisms evolve and become Rapid evolution followed by long more similar to each other periods of stability Divergent Evolution Stasis</p><p>Organisms evolve and become less No or Little Change within a species similar to each other, can lead to new species (speciation) Speciation</p><p>Making a new species </p>