<p> Early Expansion</p><p>2 nd President of The United States of America:</p><p>John Adams</p><p>Federalist</p><p>Alien and Sedition Acts:</p><p>Made it a crime to make criticism of the Government verbally or in print.</p><p>People from foreign countries to wait 14 years to become citizens</p><p>Foreign people could be exported back to their home country if they were found a threat to the U.S.A.</p><p>***Alien and Sedition Acts violated the 1st Amendment***</p><p>John Marshall: appointed as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.</p><p>The Judiciary Act of 1789: President could appoint new Judges.</p><p>In his last night in Office</p><p>President Adams appointed judges at Midnight</p><p>All judges were Federalists 3 rd President of The United States of America:</p><p>Thomas Jefferson</p><p>Republican</p><p>The Louisiana Purchase: Huge region west of the Mississippi River. Belonged to the French.</p><p>Bought the Region form France (Napoleon Bonaparte)</p><p>Cost $15 MILLION</p><p>France needed the money because they were fighting wars in Europe</p><p> Doubled the size of the United States</p><p>Lewis and Clark: Hired by the President to explore the new land.</p><p>Traveled from St. Louis to the Pacific Ocean</p><p>Met an Indian Women named Sacagawea (meaning “Bird Woman”)</p><p>Marbury vs. Madison: Most important Court Cases in the Supreme Court.</p><p>1. President Adams appointed William Marbury to be judge. Early Expansion Con’t</p><p>2. James Madison (Secretary of State) refused to give Marbury this job.</p><p>3. Marbury took case to The Supreme Court.</p><p>4. John Marshall (Chief Justice) and other judges decided The Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional.</p><p>5. Made the Supreme Court stronger because it now had the power of Judicial Review.</p><p>Judicial Review: the power of the Supreme Court to decide:</p><p>1. If laws passed by Congress were constitutional.</p><p>2. And to strike down those laws that were not.</p>