2Nd President of the United States of America

Early Expansion

2 nd President of The United States of America:

John Adams

Federalist

Alien and Sedition Acts:

Made it a crime to make criticism of the Government verbally or in print.

People from foreign countries to wait 14 years to become citizens

Foreign people could be exported back to their home country if they were found a threat to the U.S.A.

***Alien and Sedition Acts violated the 1st Amendment***

John Marshall: appointed as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

The Judiciary Act of 1789: President could appoint new Judges.

In his last night in Office

President Adams appointed judges at Midnight

All judges were Federalists 3 rd President of The United States of America:

Thomas Jefferson

Republican

The Louisiana Purchase: Huge region west of the Mississippi River. Belonged to the French.

Bought the Region form France (Napoleon Bonaparte)

Cost $15 MILLION

France needed the money because they were fighting wars in Europe

 Doubled the size of the United States

Lewis and Clark: Hired by the President to explore the new land.

Traveled from St. Louis to the Pacific Ocean

Met an Indian Women named Sacagawea (meaning “Bird Woman”)

Marbury vs. Madison: Most important Court Cases in the Supreme Court.

1. President Adams appointed William Marbury to be judge. Early Expansion Con’t

2. James Madison (Secretary of State) refused to give Marbury this job.

3. Marbury took case to The Supreme Court.

4. John Marshall (Chief Justice) and other judges decided The Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional.

5. Made the Supreme Court stronger because it now had the power of Judicial Review.

Judicial Review: the power of the Supreme Court to decide:

1. If laws passed by Congress were constitutional.

2. And to strike down those laws that were not.