<p>NAME: ______H.R: ______DATE: ______SCI & TECH 204</p><p>The Earth & Space SECTION 2: Geological Phenomena NOTE-TAKING WORKSHEET</p><p>The Earth in Motion (pp. 313-321)</p><p>The Continents Divide:  Alfred Wegener studied many geographical maps and noticed that all the ______seemed to be assembled like the pieces of a ______.</p><p> Wegener also noticed that the ______chains on different continents (Africa, Europe and North America) had the same ______and ______composition.</p><p> Finally, Wegener noticed that there were ______of the same animals found on continents that are now separated by oceans. The interesting feature of this observation was that one animal, the Mesosaurus, could only live in ______while another, the Lystrosaurus, could not ______.</p><p> From these three pieces of evidence, Wegener put forward the idea that the continents had once formed a ______immense continent called ______(______million years ago). It was set in a single ocean called ______.</p><p> This ______broke apart into large pieces that then ______to their present sites. This phenomenon is called ______(like the movie!).</p><p>Plate Tectonics (p. 316-317) The invention of ______allowed for ocean depths to be mapped for the first time.</p><p>This device helped geologists to discover the existence of ______and ______.</p><p>1 NAME: ______H.R: ______DATE: ______SCI & TECH 204</p><p> ______shelves are ______extensions of the continents.</p><p> ______ridges are long chains of ______mountains. (Example: ______Ridge)</p><p>Scientists also discovered the ______, the ______portion of the Earth’s ______. This revealed that the continents ______on a layer of partially ______rock.</p><p>Earth’s crust is divided into vast rigid ______that include both the ______and underwater relief. </p><p>These plates ______and oceanic ______are borders between ______plates that are moving ______. </p><p>Wilson named his theory ______.</p><p>Convection: The Plates’ Driving Force</p><p>There are ______in magma, beneath the Earth’s crust.</p><p> Convection current: A movement that occurs in a ______or gas when a ______difference exists within a substance. </p><p>2 NAME: ______H.R: ______DATE: ______SCI & TECH 204</p><p> Magma receives ______from the Earth’s ______.  The hottest rock (magma) ______, travelling from the ______mantle to the ______mantle.  Then it moves ______, carrying the plates above it. This is how the enormous tectonic plates move under the Earth’s crust. (Cool, huh?)  Then the magma ______and ______and the whole cycle repeats.</p><p>How the Plates Move</p><p>The plates move at a rate of ______cm a year.</p><p>Three types of movement involving two tectonic plates:</p><p>1. Divergence zone: ______2. Convergence (subduction) zone: ______</p><p>3. Slip zone (transform fault): ______</p><p>3 NAME: ______H.R: ______DATE: ______SCI & TECH 204</p><p>This is how ______form, ______occur and volcanos erupt.</p><p>When two plates move apart, it creates a ______into which ______can infiltrate and form new ______. This occurs along ______ridges.</p><p>When two plates collide, the thinner plate slides ______the thicker plate, melts and is transformed into ______. (Example: The Nazca Plate under the Pacific Ocean and the South American Plate.)</p><p>When one plate sinks beneath another plate, an oceanic ______is formed. The deepest is the ______which is more than _____ km deep.</p><p>When two colliding continental plates are both too ______for one to sink below the other, the Earth’s crust ______and ______surge up from the ground. (Example: The ______mountain chain, which includes Mount Everest, in ______(what country?).)</p><p> Memory Check: Answer all the questions on p. 321 in the space below.</p><p>4</p>