/ z Jpn.J. syst.Ent.. 9(2): 159-169. November30, 2003 Studieson the Pupal Mosquitoesof Japan (9) •) 4: 542-550. Genus Lutzia, with Establishment of Two New Subgenera, • Attn. l•l•g.nat. Metalutzia and Insulalutzia (Diptera, Culicidae) 2), 9(34): 29-30. LEos, 22:!7-30ß confirmed (Insecru Kazuo TANAKA Minamidai,2-1-39-208, Sagamiharacity, 228-0814 Japan ßa neV½sul•apecies. Abstract The pupaeof threeJapanese species of the genusLutzia aredescribed and their 99--1 11.(In Japa~ taxonomiccharacters are discussed. A key andchaetotaxy tables for all speciesare prepared. Lutzia is treatedhere as a genusrather than as a subgenusof Culex. A new subgenus •opt.). Zod.Mug., Metalutzia is eslablishedfor Lutziafuscana, Lt. halifaxii, Lt. tigripesand Lt. vorax, and anothernew subgenusInsulalutzia for Lt. shinonagai.A keyto thethree subgenera of Lutzia ds.) Ins. Eacyclop. is given.Lt. voraxis resurrectedfrom synonymywith Lt. halifaxii. Mug.. Japan,51: Lutzia wasestablished by THEOBALD,1903, as a distinctgenus (originally spelled as Vstr.Ins. Japan,2: Liitzia) for a Mexicanspecies, Culex bigotii. EDWARDSfollowed him in 1921 and 1922, but in 1932 he sankit to a subgenusof Culex.All later authorsapparently have adopted ;anges of acienfific (In Japanese,with EDWARDS'treatment of 1932.BELKIN, 1962, statedthat Lutzia mightbe a very ancient derivativeof Culex.TANAKA eta/., 1979,expressed their viewthat its morphological :ds.), Ico•ogr.Ins. modificationswere moredistinct than in theother subgeneraof Culex, andit wasmore ,tera,Teltigonidae). reasonableto considerLutzia as a genus.In this paper, following the suggestionof TANAKAet aL, 1979, I treatLutzia as an independentgenus. KNIGHT and STONE,1977, )tera,Tetligoniidae) listed21 subgeneraand 718 speciesunder the genusCulex. Many of thesesubgenera are ith English summa- morphologicallyvery well defined.Not only Lutzia but also other subgeneraof the apanese.) genusCulex shouldhave their statusreevaluated. o. (In Japanese.) The genusLutzia consistsof two speciesfrom Central and SouthAmerica (Lt. ß 1-10. T6k6shoin, aIlostigmaand Lt. bigotii),three species from Asiaand Australasia, and one species from )): 1906-1909.(In Africa. As statedby EDWARDS,1932, they are distinctlydivided into Americanand Africa-Asia-Australasiangroups. Though not sothought by EDWARDS,1932, thesetwo rigisU,Nara, (74): groupsare no doubt of different stockand may deserveto be ranked as subgenera. CHRISTOPHERS,1906, proposedJamesia for the Africa-Asia-Australasiangroup (type- . (In Japanese.) species:Culex concolor = Culexfuscanus), but the nameappears to havebeen preoccu- ßIcon. Ins. Japon., piedby JECKEL,1861 (after KNXGHTand STONE, 1977). Thus, a newname is necessary .,ttigonia Linnaeus for theAfrica-Asia-Australasian group and I herepropose MetaIutzia. TANAKAet al., 1979,described Cx. (Lut.) shinonagaifrom Ogasawara-gunt6(the town o• new genera ndon, 199_3: 492- BoninIslands). The taxonomicpeculiarity of theadult and larva of thisspecies was fully discussedby them.In this study,the pupaof thisspecies was found to be quit• distinct .. Mug. ]Vat. Hist., from that of Lt.fuscana and Lt. vorax,while thoseof thesetwo speciesas well asAfri- can Lt. tigripes (after EDWARDS,1941) are difficult to distinguishfrom each other. no, (I): 35-61. (In Therefore,a separatetreatment for Lt. shinonagaiis reasonable,and a new subgenus Insulalutziais presentedin thispaper. epictuber12, 2003] Accordingto REINERT'Sprinciple (1975), I proposethe abbreviation,"Lt.," for the genusLutzia, "Mlt." for the subgenusMetalutzia, and"llt." for lnsulalutzia. The principlesand methods of thisstudy follow TANAKA, 1999 and TANAKA, 2001. I amindebted to Mr. EdwardS. SAUGSTADfor reviewingthe manuscript. 1) The 8th paperof thisseries was published inMed. Entotnol.Zool. 54 (1): 105-111, 2003. 160 KazuoTANAKA Metalutzia, a new subgenus of Lutzia short, with a inwards, with Type species:Lutzia vorax EDWA•S, 1921, from Japan.Lt. fuscana(Wua:a•51ANN, 1820), Lt. halifaxii (THrUBALD,1903), andLt. tigripes(G•Pgg et CHARMOY,1901) belong to thissubgenus. Insulalutzia, a new subgenus of Lutzia 1. Seta 1-I separatec Type species:Culex (Lutzia) shinonagaiTA•JCA, MrSSAWn et SAmSTAD,1979, from Ogasawara-guntfi 9-II•VI (theBonin Islands).Monotypic. two brat corner n The subgeneraLutzia, Metalutzia and lnsutalutziacan be distinguishedfrom each - Seta 1-I other by the following key. approxin and nev. Key to Subgenera of the Genus Lutzia strongly corner r; 1. Adult: wing pale marked; tarsi pale banded.Larva: seta6-C far anteriadof 5-C 2. Longest and at level of 4- and 7-C; 11- and 13-C approximated;dorsomentum with median toothbifid, the total numberof teeth 14-18; siphonlonger than saddle,with 1-S of - Longest smooth, multibranched subventral setae.............................................................. .............................................. Subg.Lut•:ia (Central andSouth American species) - Adult: wing entirely dark scaled;tarsi withoutpale band. Larva: seta6-C posterl- ad of 5-C; 11- and 13-C widely separated;dorsomentum with mediantooth unicus- pid, the total number of teeth 9-11 (usually9); siphonshorter than or at most as long as saddle, I-S of barbed, 1-3 branchedmidventral setae .......................... 2 EDWARDS,1921 2. Adult: prealararea with a scalepatch below knob; c• palpuswith numerous,con- spicuous,long apicalbristles. Pupa: seta5-1I mesadof 4-II; 9-II-VI blunt-tipped; Trumpe segmentVIII with posterolateralcorner rather sharplyproduced. Larva: pecten Trumpe- extendingnearly whole length of siphpon,with teethrather broadly spaced ............ trumpet. Set• ........................ Subg.Metatutzia nov.(Asian, Australasian and African species) with microsc - Adult: prealar areawithout scale patch; c• palpuswithout conspicuous, long apical the sterna, t• hrletlt-e P•' e•t• K_ITI•t•r-nct c•f All; O--ll•SJIru•int•rl_tinn•ct •q Q--I; segment ments; dors VIII with posterolateralcorner not produced.Larva: pectenrestricted to middle intersegment.' one third, with teeth closelyspaced ................................................................. segment,and ........................... Subg.Insulalutzia nov. (A speciesendemic to Ogasawara-gunt6) of tergum I, long as or lc Genus Lutzia THEOBALD thick stem a anterolaterad THF_.OBALD,1903, Monogr. Culicid. 3: 155. Type species:Culex bigotii B•LAS•D•from Mexico. most often 'I( than 6-II; 3- Dorsalapotome with eachlobe moreor lesssquarely semicircular; lateralia usually tergum III; with feebletrace of facetsof compoundeye. Trumpet with tracheoidventrally near base; setae 6. Seta pinna 1/3-1/2 as long as trumpet.All cephalothoracicsetae weak and shorterthan trum- them; the lot pet; 2- and 3-C approximated;6-C shortestof all cephalothoracicsetae; 8-C slightly l-III but tra caudadof level of trumpetbase. Abdominal terga and stema covered with minutespic- Seta 1-or 5 ules;seta 1-I (float hair) with thick primary brancheswhich are subdividedinto many length of ter secondarybranches; 4-I at middle between 3-I and 6-I; 5-III mesadof 4-1II; 4-IV almost alwa, anterolaeteradof 5-IV; 2-IV•VI anteromesadof respectivesetae 1 and fairly closeto anterolaterac posteriormargin of respectiveterga; 11-VI lateradof 10--VI; no conspicuoussetae on caudad of its segmentVII exceptfor 9-VII; 6-VII posteromesadof 9-VII; 11-VII closeto andcepha- the longests, lad of 10-VII; 9-VIII differentiated,located cephalad of posterolateralcomer; 14-VIII as or longer longer than 14-III•VII, shorterthan 2-VII. Mediancaudal lobe (segmentIX) very asetose sensi Studieson thePupal Mosquitoes of Japan(9) 161 short, with a short stout seta (I-IX) on each side. Paddle rounded, with midrib curved inwards,with 2 apicalsetae (1- and 2-Pd), 2-Pd longerthan l-Pd. $20), Lt. halifaxii subgenus. Key to Japanese Species of the Pupa of Lutzia I. Seta 1-I with less than ten primary and about 20 secondarybranches; 2- and 3-I separated;1-II with divergentbranches; 1-m and -IV single;5-11 lateradof 4-II; •m Ogasawara-gunt6 9-II-VI pointed-tippedas 9-I; 9-VII very weakly and sparselybarbed, single or two branched;9-VIII with only 2-3 branches;segment VIII with posterolateral corner not produced..................................................... Lt. (lh,) shinonagai aished from each Seta 1-I with about 10 primary and numeroussecondary branches; 2- and 3-1 approximated;1-II with branchesnot very divergent;l-iII and-IV multibranched and never single; 5-1I mesad of 4-1I; 9-II-VI blunt-tipped;9-VII and -VIII stronglybarbed and with more (2-14) branches;segment VIII with posterolateral corner rather sharplyproduced ............................................................. 2 ' anteriad of 5-C 2. Longestsetae of segmentsIV-VI sometimeslonger than next tergum.................... •tum with median ................................................................................................. Lt. (Mlt.) vorax ddle, with 1-S of - Longestsetae of segmentsIV-VI neverlonger than next tergum.......................... ..................................................................................................... Lt. (Mtt.) fuscana linerican species) seta 6-C posteri- Lutzia (Metalutzia) vorax EDWARDS lian tooth unicus- (Fig. 1;Table l) tan or at most as EDWAm)S,1921, Bull. ent.Res. 12:327 (oz).Type4oc.: Tokio (sic), Japan. I numerous, con- -VI blunt-tipped; Trumpet length:0.74-1.05 ram. Paddlelength: 1.07-1.32 mm. I. Larva: pecten Trumpet index 3.69-4.41 (X. 3.93; 8 ex.); pinna 0.36-0.51 (X 0.40) length of y spaced............ trumpet.Seta 1-C>2-C > 3-C in length;10-C oftenbarbed.