<p> WWI, WWII, Cold War Study Guide</p><p>TEST Thursday, October 1st</p><p>1. WWI was from the year _1914 to _1918_.</p><p>2. The event that “sparked” WWI was assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand .</p><p>3. The causes leading up to WWI were: (define and give an example of each)</p><p>M=Militarism—build-up of strong armies and navies; European countries placed military strategically all over the world to protect their colonies and empires</p><p>A=Alliances---formal agreement between countries to protect and defend one another; European countries began forming alliances prior to WWI in case of attack</p><p>I=Imperialism—the policy of obtaining and occupying colonies to form and empire; Great Britain and France had 2 of the largest empires prior to WWI</p><p>N=Nationalism—fierce pride in one’s country; each countries citizens believed they were the best nation</p><p>4. The Allied Powers were Russia_, _France_, __Great Britain_, _US.</p><p>5. The Central Powers were _Germany_, _Austria-Hungry, _Italy, Ottoman Empire_.</p><p>6. Which country took the first military action? ____Germany_.</p><p>7. Which country left the war in 1917?____Russia______.</p><p>8. Before 1917 Russia had a _____czar__ (king) as ruler.</p><p>9. The last czar of Russia was ____Nicholas II___.</p><p>10. The Russian people were rioting in the street because they were dying from ___starvation___.</p><p>11. Russian soldiers were suffering from lack of _shoes_, __weapons__, WWI, WWII, Cold War Study Guide and __clothing__.</p><p>12. __Millions_ (how many) of Russians died.</p><p>13. After 2 rebellions and revolutions, ___Vladimir Lenin__ took over the country.</p><p>14. Nicholas II and his family were __executed___.</p><p>15. Lenin set up a __communist_ government.</p><p>16. Lenin signed a ____peace treaty___ with Germany and Russia left the war.</p><p>17. As a part of the treaty, Russia had to give Germany __land good for farming and full of resources</p><p>18. Lenin renamed Russia the Soviet Union.</p><p>19. The United States entered the war because of the __Zimmerman telegraph_ and the sinking of the Lusitania </p><p>POST WWI</p><p>20. The terms of the Treaty of Versailles:</p><p>1) __Germany__ had to accept full blame.</p><p>2) __Germany____ had to pay __repairations_ for losses and damage they had suffered.</p><p>3) __Germany_ had to give up __one million square miles of land____ that was rich in natural resources.</p><p>4) ___Germany_____ had to limit its ___military___.</p><p>5) Germany ___ could not unite anymore with Austria_. WWI, WWII, Cold War Study Guide</p><p>21. How did Germans feel about the Treaty of Versailles?</p><p>Resented the military restrictions and unable to protect itself, protested because their own economic situation became much worse, felt isolated from other countries and felt distrusted</p><p>22. The Treaty of Versailles created the League of Nations_ that vowed to work together to ensure that a world war would never occur again.</p><p>23. Following WWI, the world suffered from worldwide depression_.</p><p>24. Which political party became popular in Germany after WWI? _Nazis__.</p><p>25. Adolf __Hitler gave powerful speeches and wrote Mein Kampf where he expressed his idea that Germans were the “master race.”</p><p>26. The Nazis supported a strong central government controlled by the military and run by a dictator: fascism_.</p><p>27. The Nazis adopted the racist views of Hitler against __Jews_, </p><p>Slavs__, _gypsies__, and blacks__.</p><p>28. The Nazis blamed the ___Jews__ for Germany’s problems.</p><p>29. Hitler came to power in 1933 through an election, but he destroyed the </p><p>_democratic___ government and became a ___dictator__.</p><p>WWII </p><p>30. WWII was from _1939__ to _1945_.</p><p>31. WWII began when _Germany_ attacked _Poland_.</p><p>32. The Axis Powers led by strong dictatorships were _Germany____, </p><p>__Italy___ and ___Japan__.</p><p>33. The Allied Powers were _Great Britain__, ___France______, WWI, WWII, Cold War Study Guide</p><p>___US____, and ___the Soviet Union__.</p><p>34. During WWII, the ___Holocaust____ describes the gathering of Jewish people into concentration camps where many were </p><p>_killed__. Hilter’s goal was to get rid of all of them.</p><p>35. More than 6 million (how many) Jews were killed.</p><p>36. Following WWII, the State of __Isreal _ was founded in 1948 as a homeland for Jews.</p><p>37. The United States entered the war after the _bombing of Pearl Harbor__.</p><p>38. The war ended in 1945, when both _Germany____ and ___Japan__ surrendered.</p><p>39. The _Allies__ helped rebuild Europe.</p><p>POST WWII-COLD WAR</p><p>40. The two superpowers after WWII were the ___United States___ and the ___Soviet Union_____.</p><p>41. Both distrusted one another because they had different _political___ </p><p>_ideas___.</p><p>42. Both started __stock piling ___ __weapons__ in case of war.</p><p>43. This period of tension is called the __Cold___ __War___.</p><p>44. A part of this time was the space___ race.</p><p>45. People of the Soviet Union could not ____leave___. Churchill called this invisible dividing line between democratic Europe and communist Europe the Iron Curtain The city of Berlin__ was split by a wall. WWI, WWII, Cold War Study Guide</p><p>END OF THE COLD WAR</p><p>46. The communist countries had barely enough food___ and __goods__.</p><p>47. In 1985 Mikhail __Gorbachev__ came to power. He did not send troops to stop protests in Eastern European countries as they began to break away from the Soviet Union.</p><p>48. In 1989 the people of Germany began to tear down the Berlin Wall___.</p><p>49. In 1990 Germany was reunited_.</p><p>50. In 1991 the _Soviet__ __Union____ came to an end as it officially split into 15 republics. It became called Russia once again.</p>