<p>8.3 p.1 Chapter 8 Section 3 </p><p>“The Coming of War”</p><p> Violations of Neutrality</p><p> o Late 1700s – Early 1800s America expands overseas trade</p><p> o Barbary Pirates attack merchant ships in Mediterranean</p><p> o War ships like the USS Constitution - sent as escorts to protect merchant ships</p><p> o Great Britain & France at war in 1803</p><p>. Both want to stop U.S. trade with enemy</p><p>. Both pass laws to prevent American merchant trade with enemy</p><p>. Both capture U.S. ships</p><p> o Britain stops American ships</p><p>. Search for runaways from the British Navy</p><p>. Some Americans taken and forced into British Navy = Impressment</p><p> Embargo Act – 1807</p><p> o US reaction to impressments</p><p>. Ban trade with all foreign countries</p><p>. US ships cannot go to foreign ports</p><p>. US ports closed to British ships</p><p>. Hurt American merchants – Angered northern states that relied heavily on</p><p> trade </p><p>. Turns many against Jefferson/Republicans & Federalist Party is </p><p> strengthened</p><p> Non-Intercourse Act – 1809</p><p> o Replaces the unpopular Embargo Act</p><p> o Banned trade only with British & French & their colonies</p><p> o Says that the U.S. will resume trade w/ 1st side that stops violating U.S. </p><p> neutrality 8.3 p.2  Conflict in the West</p><p> o Early 1800s - British & Native Americans argue with US re: land in the N.W. </p><p>Territory</p><p>. U.S. had gained land in Treaty of Greenville</p><p>. Native Americans signed but did not follow the treaty – frustrated!</p><p>. British see opportunity to slow American growth</p><p>. British give weapons to Native Americans</p><p> Tecumseh – Shawnee Chief - Resists U.S. Settlers</p><p> o Good speaker – unites Natives</p><p> Battle of Tippecanoe</p><p> o 1810 - Tecumseh meets with William Henry Harrison, Gov. of Indiana Territory</p><p>. Urges Tecumseh to follow treaty</p><p> o 1811 - Battle of Tippecanoe</p><p>. US won – Tecumseh fled to Canada</p><p> Call for War = War Hawks</p><p> o Mostly from South and West</p><p> o Led by Henry Clay (KY), John C. Calhoun (SC), and Felix Grundy (TN)</p><p> o Want to stop British influence with Native Americans</p><p> o Want to invade Canada to gain land</p><p> Opposition to War Hawks = New England Federalists</p><p> o The British trade restrictions hurt New England’s economy</p><p> o Want to renew friendly relations with Britain</p><p> o Fear US is not ready for war</p><p> Declaring War</p><p> o 1808 – James Madison elected president –lots of pressure!</p><p> o 1812 - Congress votes – declare war on Britain</p><p> o 1812 – Madison reelected to second term</p>