For Online Publication Only s2

1 Samhouri and others A1 2 1FOR ONLINE PUBLICATION ONLY2Appendix. Spearman Rank Correlations for All Attribute-Indicator Combinations, Lists of Target3Groups for Individual Fishing Fleets, and Lists of Functional Groups in Attribute and Indicator 4Groupings in Each of the 7 Ecopath with Ecosim Models 3 Samhouri and others A2 45Table A1. Median Absolute Values of Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) 6Across the 7 Ecopath with Ecosim models 7 I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 3 7 0 . 2 8 0 . 5 9 0 . 3 0 0 . 7 2 0 . 6 3 0 . 1 1 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 4 0 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 5 0 . 6 5 0 . 3 7 0 . 3 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 2 3 0 . 1 3 0 . 6 2 0 . 6 3 0 . 8 7 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 6 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 0 0 . 2 8 0 . 3 3 0 . 3 7 0 . 3 0 0 . 2 0 0 . 4 4 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 2 7 0 . 3 5 0 . 8 1 0 . 3 1 0 . 7 2 0 . 4 5 0 . 5 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 5 5 0 . 3 3 0 . 6 7 0 . 9 1 1 . 0 0 0 . 2 0 0 . 5 5 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 4 1 0 . 4 2 0 . 6 9 0 . 7 8 0 . 9 8 0 . 4 0 0 . 2 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 9 0 . 3 8 0 . 8 0 0 . 5 8 0 . 6 6 0 . 4 1 0 . 5 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 1 4 0 . 1 5 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 7 0 . 6 0 0 . 4 9 0 . 5 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 6 0 . 3 3 0 . 1 0 0 . 3 9 0 . 1 4 0 . 2 0 0 . 4 1 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 5 0 . 2 7 0 . 1 1 0 . 4 0 0 . 2 5 0 . 2 6 0 . 4 3 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 6 4 0 . 4 8 0 . 5 4 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 2 8 0 . 5 9 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 5 0 . 4 8 0 . 4 0 0 . 5 7 0 . 3 8 0 . 3 7 0 . 5 0 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 0 0 . 3 0 0 . 2 7 0 . 2 2 0 . 3 4 0 . 3 2 0 . 3 7 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 4 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 7 0 . 3 8 0 . 3 2 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 5 0 . 2 0 0 . 3 6 0 . 2 9 0 . 3 7 0 . 3 8 0 . 2 8 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 4 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 2 0 . 5 3 0 . 5 2 0 . 1 8 0 . 3 2 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 2 0 . 3 1 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 3 0 . 4 2 0 . 4 0 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 4 1 0 . 3 1 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 1 0 . 1 4 0 . 1 5 0 . 3 5 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 4 3 0 . 4 5 0 . 6 4 0 . 4 3 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 9 0 . 3 7 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 6 0 . 3 9 0 . 5 3 0 . 6 0 0 . 5 0 0 . 2 2 0 . 5 6 8 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 9 0 . 3 4 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 3 0 . 2 0 0 . 5 9 5 Samhouri and others A3 6 9Table A1. (cont.) 10 I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 2 0 . 4 6 0 . 3 0 0 . 3 2 0 . 3 1 0 . 3 8 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 5 3 0 . 6 6 0 . 3 0 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 7 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 2 8 0 . 5 2 0 . 2 4 0 . 4 5 0 . 6 3 0 . 4 3 0 . 4 7 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 4 0 . 3 7 0 . 6 7 0 . 7 6 0 . 0 7 0 . 6 6 0 . 5 7 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 3 3 0 . 6 1 0 . 3 6 0 . 3 4 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 1 0 . 4 7 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 2 9 0 . 6 1 0 . 1 9 0 . 5 5 0 . 8 3 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 5 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 2 6 0 . 5 4 0 . 1 8 0 . 4 8 0 . 8 1 0 . 2 2 0 . 2 6 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 3 5 0 . 6 7 0 . 2 9 0 . 4 7 0 . 5 5 0 . 3 4 0 . 5 0 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 8 0 . 3 9 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 8 0 . 3 0 0 . 2 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 2 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 0 0 . 7 5 0 . 1 2 0 . 6 6 0 . 3 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 5 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 4 0 . 7 5 0 . 1 0 0 . 6 5 0 . 3 6 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 5 7 0 . 9 6 0 . 5 5 0 . 8 1 0 . 7 5 0 . 5 4 0 . 6 1 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 7 0 . 2 2 0 . 5 4 0 . 2 9 0 . 2 3 0 . 4 2 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 5 2 0 . 4 3 0 . 4 4 0 . 2 1 0 . 3 0 0 . 3 9 0 . 3 1 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 0 1 0 . 3 9 0 . 4 6 0 . 2 4 0 . 4 7 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 7 0 . 2 2 0 . 1 1 0 . 2 2 0 . 3 7 0 . 5 6 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 9 0 . 4 0 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 0 0 . 4 5 0 . 5 3 0 . 4 9 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 7 5 0 . 8 5 0 . 4 5 0 . 6 9 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 4 0 . 4 8 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 5 4 0 . 3 2 0 . 2 8 0 . 1 3 0 . 2 9 0 . 3 1 0 . 4 7 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 7 0 . 7 6 0 . 7 2 0 . 4 0 0 . 4 6 0 . 7 0 0 . 5 9 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 4 2 0 . 7 2 0 . 7 1 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 6 8 0 . 2 9 11 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 4 0 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 3 0 . 7 7 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 8 0 . 5 0 12 7 Samhouri and others A4 8 13Table A1. (cont.) 14 I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 5 2 0 . 8 1 0 . 5 4 0 . 2 8 0 . 6 4 0 . 5 2 0 . 7 4 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 7 0 0 . 6 4 0 . 4 0 0 . 5 6 0 . 5 0 0 . 4 5 0 . 6 1 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 7 8 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 5 0 . 6 0 0 . 4 9 0 . 6 3 0 . 5 3 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 1 0 . 5 4 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 7 0 . 4 8 0 . 5 5 0 . 5 3 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 7 1 0 . 7 2 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 3 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 9 0 0 . 7 3 0 . 7 4 0 . 2 9 0 . 5 5 0 . 5 9 0 . 4 9 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 7 4 0 . 7 8 0 . 6 8 0 . 2 3 0 . 4 2 0 . 6 1 0 . 3 1 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 7 0 0 . 7 5 0 . 5 1 0 . 2 8 0 . 4 9 0 . 6 0 0 . 7 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 3 8 0 . 6 3 0 . 4 8 0 . 3 0 0 . 4 6 0 . 2 3 0 . 5 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 1 0 . 3 7 0 . 6 6 0 . 4 3 0 . 4 7 0 . 4 0 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 6 0 . 2 4 0 . 7 7 0 . 4 0 0 . 3 9 0 . 3 3 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 4 0 . 7 3 0 . 4 0 0 . 5 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 7 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 3 0 . 6 5 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 8 0 . 4 8 0 . 7 5 0 . 6 6 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 3 0 . 2 2 0 . 2 4 0 . 2 3 0 . 6 4 0 . 2 7 0 . 1 7 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 3 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 2 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 4 0 . 5 1 0 . 4 9 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 9 0 . 6 1 0 . 2 8 0 . 3 6 0 . 6 0 0 . 6 0 0 . 6 5 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 6 5 0 . 5 1 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 0 0 . 4 4 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 1 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 3 5 0 . 4 0 0 . 6 2 0 . 6 0 0 . 7 1 0 . 4 0 0 . 5 3 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 3 2 0 . 1 4 0 . 2 3 0 . 2 8 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 0 0 . 3 9 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 5 0 0 . 5 7 0 . 4 1 0 . 6 2 0 . 7 3 0 . 5 4 0 . 4 6 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 6 1 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 0 0 . 5 1 0 . 5 3 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 2 15 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 4 3 0 . 3 7 0 . 5 5 0 . 8 2 0 . 4 9 0 . 6 5 0 . 3 8 16 9 Samhouri and others A5 10 17Table A1. (cont.) 18 I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 3 2 0 . 3 0 0 . 5 8 0 . 5 9 0 . 6 7 0 . 7 4 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 6 4 0 . 4 7 0 . 5 5 0 . 4 2 0 . 6 6 0 . 4 9 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 6 2 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 0 0 . 1 4 0 . 6 0 0 . 2 8 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 1 0 . 5 7 0 . 3 6 0 . 7 0 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 9 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 1 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 1 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 6 0 . 4 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 9 5 0 . 2 4 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 0 0 . 6 3 0 . 5 1 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 8 3 0 . 3 5 0 . 5 3 0 . 3 6 0 . 5 3 0 . 5 2 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 6 1 0 . 4 8 0 . 4 5 0 . 5 2 0 . 2 5 0 . 5 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 3 0 . 2 3 0 . 6 5 0 . 6 1 0 . 5 7 0 . 4 8 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 3 5 0 . 3 3 0 . 0 8 0 . 6 4 0 . 4 8 0 . 4 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 0 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 1 0 . 5 9 0 . 3 8 0 . 3 8 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 4 5 0 . 5 7 0 . 6 2 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 2 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 5 6 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 9 0 . 2 6 0 . 3 6 0 . 4 7 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 7 0 . 2 9 0 . 2 8 0 . 4 9 0 . 2 3 0 . 5 0 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 3 0 . 4 6 0 . 0 7 0 . 5 2 0 . 1 9 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 6 0 . 1 2 0 . 5 6 0 . 0 7 0 . 6 6 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 4 0 . 4 8 0 . 4 5 0 . 3 5 0 . 2 7 0 . 3 7 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 3 2 0 . 5 7 0 . 6 9 0 . 4 3 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 3 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 2 4 0 . 5 2 0 . 3 3 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 5 0 . 4 8 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 3 8 0 . 5 5 0 . 6 7 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 2 0 . 7 3 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 6 0 0 . 3 6 0 . 6 4 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 8 0 . 4 7 19 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 4 8 0 . 5 0 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 5 0 . 4 7 0 . 3 820Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold.21 11 Samhouri and others A6 12 22 In the Aleutian Islands model, we performed press perturbations on the first nations, pot, and trawler and longline fleets 23individually. The first nations fleet targets Stellar sea lions, small mammals, and sea otters. The pot fleet targets arrowtooth flounder, 24flatfish, and epibenthic carnivores. The trawler and longline fleet targets adult Pollock, Pacific Ocean perch, rockfish, sablefish, 25Pacific cod, halibut, arrowtooth flounder, and flatfish. These functional groups, and those listed below to detail attribute and indicator 26groupings, use the naming conventions described by Guenette and others (2006) for the Aleutian Islands model.27Target groups: toothed whales, baleen whales, Stellar sea lions (pups, juveniles, and adults), small mammals, sea otters, salmon, 28pollock (juveniles and adults), Pacific Ocean perch, rockfish, sablefish, Pacific cod, halibut, arrowtooth flounder, flatfish, epibenthic 29carnivores30Piscivorous fish: mammal-eating sharks, arrowtooth flounder31Zooplanktivorous fish: salmon, large pelagics, small pelagics, Atka mackerel, sandlance, herring, pollock (juveniles and adults), 32Pacific Ocean perch, sablefish, large demersals, Myctophids33Forage fish: small pelagics, sandlance, herring34Roundfish: pollock (juveniles and adults), Pacific Ocean perch, rockfish, sablefish, Pacific cod, small demersals, large demersals, large35deepwater, Myctophids36Invertivore: toothed whales, sea otters, sharks and skates, rockfish, Pacific cod, halibut, flatfish, small demersals, large deepwater, 37shrimp (half of biomass pool), epibenthic carnivores, cephalopods 38Herbivore: large zooplankton, small zooplankton 13 Samhouri and others A7 14 39Detritivore: shrimp (half of biomass pool), benthic invertebrates40Pelagic fish: mammal-eating sharks, salmon, large pelagics, small pelagic, Atka mackerel, herring41Demersal fish: pollock (juveniles and adults), Pacific Ocean perch, rockfish, sablefish, Pacific cod, halibut, arrowtooth flounder, 42flatfish, small demersals, large demersals, large deepwater, Myctophids43Benthic invertebrates: shrimp, benthic invertebrates, epibenthic carnivorous 15 Samhouri and others A8 1644Table A2. Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) in the Aleutian Islands Model I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 2 5 0 . 1 9 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 0 6 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 6 0 0 . 0 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 0 2 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 1 7 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 7 2 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 6 9 0 . 0 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 9 9 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 0 6 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 4 0 . 1 6 0 . 9 6 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 0 6 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 1 5 0 . 1 4 0 . 0 7 0 . 1 3 0 . 1 2 0 . 5 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 4 0 . 0 8 0 . 2 0 0 . 8 3 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 0 9 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 9 0 0 . 9 1 0 . 9 1 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 7 2 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 9 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 9 2 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 7 3 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 6 5 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 6 5 0 . 7 6 0 . 4 0 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 1 9 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 1 3 0 . 6 3 0 . 7 0 0 . 4 8 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 9 0 . 2 4 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 1 7 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 4 0 . 5 9 0 . 7 2 0 . 3 7 0 . 0 9 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 3 7 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 9 3 0 . 9 2 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 7 0 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 0 5 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 1 6 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 6 7 45 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 6 2 46 17 Samhouri and others A9 18 47Table A2 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 0 4 0 . 3 2 0 . 5 6 0 . 3 8 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 3 0 . 6 0 0 . 4 8 0 . 4 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 4 7 0 . 3 1 0 . 3 9 0 . 6 5 0 . 5 2 0 . 5 2 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 5 3 0 . 9 6 0 . 9 7 0 . 7 3 0 . 6 6 0 . 8 4 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 4 0 . 4 9 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 8 5 0 . 6 1 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 3 9 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 7 4 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 4 6 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 4 5 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 5 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 5 3 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 2 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 2 0 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 8 4 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 9 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 8 4 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 9 6 0 . 5 5 0 . 5 3 0 . 7 5 0 . 6 0 0 . 9 2 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 8 0 0 . 7 6 0 . 0 7 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 4 2 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 6 4 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 0 0 . 5 5 0 . 2 4 0 . 4 5 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 7 9 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 5 0 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 1 1 0 . 2 3 0 . 3 7 0 . 2 5 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 5 8 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 9 6 0 . 2 1 0 . 2 1 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 4 0 . 7 1 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 1 3 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 6 8 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 3 4 0 . 4 0 0 . 4 6 0 . 8 5 0 . 5 9 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 4 5 0 . 9 8 0 . 9 9 0 . 7 1 0 . 6 7 0 . 8 0 48 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 7 8 0 . 7 6 0 . 7 7 0 . 9 0 0 . 5 8 0 . 9 8 19 Samhouri and others A10 20 49Table A2 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 1 1 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 7 8 0 . 8 3 0 . 6 7 0 . 7 4 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 3 2 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 0 7 0 . 5 8 0 . 4 9 0 . 5 8 0 . 3 2 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 3 7 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 0 2 0 . 6 4 0 . 5 4 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 5 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 9 2 0 . 2 2 0 . 7 9 0 . 5 5 0 . 4 0 0 . 5 8 0 . 0 8 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 3 1 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 1 3 0 . 6 4 0 . 5 6 0 . 5 7 0 . 3 8 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 6 6 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 7 9 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 5 1 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 5 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 3 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 0 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 0 8 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 4 0 . 6 9 0 . 3 2 0 . 9 2 0 . 8 9 0 . 9 1 0 . 6 4 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 7 3 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 9 9 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 7 0 . 7 0 - 0 . 1 7 0 . 6 2 0 . 7 0 0 . 6 8 0 . 6 8 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 7 5 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 9 9 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 2 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 5 2 0 . 5 7 0 . 7 2 0 . 5 3 0 . 8 8 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 1 4 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 1 1 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 9 4 1 . 0 0 0 . 9 1 0 . 8 3 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 9 1 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 9 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 3 6 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 0 4 0 . 8 1 0 . 6 9 0 . 6 3 0 . 4 1 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 9 6 0 . 1 8 0 . 8 0 0 . 5 1 0 . 3 2 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 0 1 50 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 7 1 0 . 5 1 0 . 5 5 0 . 8 2 0 . 7 0 0 . 8 7 0 . 3 8 21 Samhouri and others A11 22 51Table A2 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 9 8 0 . 8 7 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 1 8 0 . 4 7 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 6 6 0 . 5 0 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 2 3 0 . 5 3 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 6 6 0 . 5 4 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 8 7 0 . 8 8 0 . 8 9 0 . 0 2 0 . 3 0 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 1 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 7 5 0 . 5 7 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 3 5 0 . 0 9 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 7 8 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 4 5 0 . 0 3 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 6 8 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 2 6 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 5 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 0 1 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 4 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 3 2 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 3 1 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 3 9 0 . 8 6 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 8 3 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 0 4 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 8 1 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 5 0 . 4 1 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 6 7 0 . 7 0 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 0 3 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 8 4 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 8 9 0 . 7 3 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 3 3 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 3 7 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 0 4 0 . 6 3 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 7 8 0 . 9 9 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 0 1 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 2 0 0 . 5 5 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 7 6 0 . 7 0 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 9 0 0 . 8 5 0 . 8 9 0 . 0 5 0 . 2 3 52 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 6 6 0 . 9 8 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 2 9 0 . 6 453Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold. 23 Samhouri and others A12 24 54 In the Baltic Sea model, we performed press perturbations on the cod trawl, herring trawl, and sprat trawl fleets individually. 55The cod trawl fleet targets juvenile and adult cod. The herring trawl fleet targets juvenile and adult herring, and juvenile cod. The 56sprat trawl fleet targets juvenile and adult sprat, and juvenile cod. These functional groups, and those listed below to detail attribute 57and indicator groupings, use the naming conventions described by Harvey and others (2003) for the Baltic Sea model.58Target groups: sprat (juveniles and adults), herring (juveniles and adults), cod (juveniles and adults)59Piscivorous fish: cod (juveniles and adults)60Zooplanktivorous fish: sprat (juveniles and adults), herring (juveniles and adults)61Forage fish: sprat (juveniles and adults), herring (juveniles and adults)62Roundfish: cod (juveniles and adults)63Invertivore: none64Herbivore: mesozooplankton, pelagic macrofauana (half of biomass pool), benthic macrofauna, 65Detritivore: bacteria, benthic meiofauna66Pelagic fish: sprat (juveniles and adults), herring (juveniles and adults)67 Demersal fish: cod (juveniles and adults)68Benthic invertebrates: benthic meiofauna, benthic macrofauna 25 Samhouri and others A13 2669Table A3. Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) in the Baltic Sea Model I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 2 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 4 8 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 3 9 0 . 1 8 0 . 3 0 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 4 4 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 2 1 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 4 9 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 7 7 1 . 0 0 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 1 5 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 7 8 0 . 9 9 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 1 5 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 7 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 7 7 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 4 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 3 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 2 4 0 . 4 7 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 8 4 0 . 6 4 0 . 2 3 0 . 0 9 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 8 0 . 3 7 0 . 1 3 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 1 7 0 . 1 9 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 5 3 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 1 7 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 7 3 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 1 5 0 . 0 8 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 7 5 0 . 5 3 0 . 1 8 0 . 0 6 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 2 8 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 0 1 0 . 3 5 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 4 3 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 1 9 0 . 3 7 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 2 4 0 . 5 0 70 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 2 27 Samhouri and others A14 28 71Table A3 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 3 3 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 5 5 0 . 1 6 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 5 5 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 2 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 6 7 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 2 7 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 7 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 8 6 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 2 3 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 8 7 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 1 8 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 5 5 0 . 6 8 0 . 2 4 0 . 2 4 0 . 6 8 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 8 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 4 9 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 6 6 0 . 2 3 0 . 2 3 0 . 6 6 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 5 3 0 . 7 7 0 . 0 7 0 . 0 7 0 . 7 7 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 9 8 0 . 2 6 0 . 8 1 0 . 8 1 0 . 2 6 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 2 2 0 . 5 5 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 2 2 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 1 0 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 2 3 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 3 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 0 1 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 6 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 4 8 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 9 6 0 . 4 4 0 . 6 9 0 . 6 9 0 . 4 4 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 9 6 0 . 2 8 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 7 6 0 . 7 8 0 . 3 1 0 . 3 1 0 . 7 8 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 7 2 0 . 7 9 0 . 2 7 0 . 2 7 0 . 7 9 72 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 6 5 0 . 3 2 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 6 0 . 3 2 29 Samhouri and others A15 30 73Table A3 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 9 0 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 5 5 0 . 7 5 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 6 7 0 . 9 0 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 8 0 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 8 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 3 8 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 0 8 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 3 3 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 0 4 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 7 8 0 . 7 5 0 . 2 4 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 7 9 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 7 3 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 5 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 9 2 0 . 8 2 0 . 2 3 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 9 2 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 9 4 0 . 9 3 0 . 0 7 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 9 5 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 6 3 0 . 2 9 0 . 8 1 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 5 8 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 6 0 . 0 1 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 2 4 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 1 6 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 1 0 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 0 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 5 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 4 8 0 . 7 0 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 7 2 0 . 4 1 0 . 6 9 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 6 8 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 2 9 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 2 3 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 9 4 0 . 8 1 0 . 3 1 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 9 4 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 9 9 0 . 9 0 0 . 2 7 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 9 9 74 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 3 8 0 . 2 6 0 . 4 6 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 3 7 31 Samhouri and others A16 32 75Table A3 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 4 5 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 6 0 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 1 2 0 . 7 1 0 . 7 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 4 1 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 3 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 2 1 0 . 5 3 0 . 5 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 5 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 3 4 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 4 0 . 6 7 0 . 6 7 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 8 3 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 2 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 2 6 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 2 1 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 5 9 0 . 1 8 0 . 1 8 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 2 8 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 7 3 0 . 2 0 0 . 2 0 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 0 8 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 3 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 3 8 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 9 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 3 2 0 . 6 2 0 . 6 2 76 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 3 8 0 . 1 6 0 . 1 677 Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold. 33 Samhouri and others A17 34 78 In the Northern British Columbia model, we performed press perturbations on the groundfish trawl, salmon gillnet and seine, 79other invertebrate, halibut hook and line, recreational, and sablefish fleets individually. The groundfish trawl fleet targets ratfish, 80dogfish, pollock, adult Pacific Ocean perch, inshore rockfish, adult piscivorous rockfish, adult planktivorous rockfish, adult turbot, 81adult flatfish, juvenile and adult halibut, adult Pacific cod, adult sablefish, adult lingcod, skates, and epifaunal invertebrates. The 82salmon gillnet and seine fleet targets transient salmon, coho salmon, and chinook salmon. The other invertebrate fleet targets 83epifauanal invertebrates. The halibut hook and line fleet targets inshore rockfish, juvenile and adult halibut, adult Pacific cod, and 84adult sablefish. The recreational fleet targets transient salmon, coho salmon, chinook salmon, inshore rockfish, adult piscivorous 85rockfish, juvenile and adult halibut, juvenile and adult lingcod, large crabs, commercial shrimp, and epifaunal invertebrates. The 86sablefish fleet targets adult sablefish exclusively. These functional groups, and those listed below to detail attribute and indicator 87groupings, use the naming conventions described by Ainsworth (2006) for the Northern British Columbia model.88Target groups: transient salmon, coho salmon, chinook salmon, ratfish, dogfish, pollock, eulachon, herring (juveniles and adults), 89Pacific Ocean perch (juveniles and adults), inshore rockfish, piscivorous rockfish (juveniles and adults), planktivorous rockfish 90(juveniles and adults), turbot (juveniles and adults), flatfish (juveniles and adults), halibut (juveniles and adults), Pacific cod 91(juveniles and adults), sablefish (juveniles and adults), lingcod (juveniles and adults), skates, large crabs, commercial shrimp, 92epifaunal invertebrates93Piscivorous fish: chinook salmon, inshore rockfish, juvenile turbot, adult Pacific cod, adult sablefish, lingcod (juveniles and adults) 35 Samhouri and others A18 36 94Zooplanktivorous fish: transient salmon, pollock (juveniles and adults), forage fish, eulachon, herring (juveniles and adults), Pacific 95Ocean perch (juveniles and adults), juvenile piscivorous rockfish, planktivorous rockfish (juveniles and adults), juvenile sablefish96Forage fish: forage fish, eulachon, herring (juveniles and adults)97Roundfish: ratfish, pollock (juveniles and adults), Pacific Ocean perch (juveniles and adults), inshore rockfish, piscivorous rockfish 98(juveniles and adults), planktivorous rockfish (juveniles and adults), Pacific cod (juveniles and adults), sablefish (juveniles and adults),99lingcod (juveniles and adults), shallowwater benthic fish100Invertivore: sea otters, Mysticetae, Odontocetae, coho salmon, ratfish, dogfish, adult piscivorous rockfish, adult turbot, flatfish 101(juveniles and adults), halibut (juveniles and adults), juvenile Pacific cod, shallowwater benthic fish, skates, large crabs, small crabs102Herbivore: euphausiids, copepods103Detritivore: squid, epifaunal invertebrates, infaunal carnivorous invertebrates, infaunal invertebrate detritivores, carnivorous jellyfish, 104corals and sponges105Pelagic fish: transient salmon, coho salmon, chinook salmon, dogfish, forage fish, eulachon, herring (juveniles and adults)106Demersal fish: ratfish, pollock (juveniles and adults), Pacific Ocean perch (juveniles and adults), inshore rockfish, piscivorous 107rockfish (juveniles and adults), planktivorous rockfish (juveniles and adults), turbot (juveniles and adults), flatfish (juveniles and 108adults), halibut (juveniles and adults), Pacific cod (juveniles and adults), sablefish (juveniles and adults), lingcod (juveniles and 109adults), shallowwater benthic fish, skates 37 Samhouri and others A19 38 110Benthic invertebrates: large crabs, small crabs, commercial shrimp, epifaunal invertebrates, infaunal carnivorous invertebrates, 111infaunal invertebrate detritivores, corals and sponges 39 Samhouri and others A20 40112Table A4. Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) in the Northern British Columbia 113Model I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h - 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 0 1 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 0 6 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 6 5 0 . 6 5 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 2 5 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 1 4 0 . 0 1 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 0 7 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 5 5 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 3 2 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 4 4 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 0 4 0 . 3 0 0 . 4 9 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 3 6 0 . 6 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 7 4 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 9 1 1 . 0 0 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 1 0 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 7 6 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 9 3 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 1 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 7 5 0 . 5 2 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 8 1 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 0 7 0 . 2 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 5 3 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 5 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 9 0 . 0 2 0 . 1 4 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 5 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 2 7 0 . 0 5 0 . 1 3 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 2 6 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 4 3 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 0 0 0 . 1 0 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 6 5 0 . 2 1 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 0 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 3 0 0 . 3 6 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 3 6 0 . 2 7 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 7 0 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 2 8 0 . 0 5 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 3 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 4 6 0 . 0 3 0 . 2 4 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 3 2 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 1 8 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 5 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 0 8 0 . 6 3 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 2 8 0 . 3 5 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 0 8 0 . 6 4 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 6 1 0 . 3 6 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 5 3 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 1 5 114 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 1 7 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 9 41 Samhouri and others A21 42 115Table A4 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 5 2 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 6 6 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 2 1 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 5 3 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 3 0 0 . 1 7 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 0 8 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 2 3 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 5 2 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 9 1 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 2 6 0 . 0 3 0 . 1 8 0 . 7 6 0 . 0 7 0 . 1 0 0 . 9 2 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 7 0 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 2 1 0 . 7 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 5 3 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 5 1 0 . 4 0 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 7 0 0 . 1 4 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 4 4 0 . 4 9 - 0 . 4 2 0 . 4 8 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 6 1 0 . 2 6 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 1 7 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 2 9 0 . 5 1 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 5 0 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 6 8 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 5 2 0 . 0 6 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 1 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 2 9 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 9 2 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 9 3 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 6 6 0 . 6 6 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 5 3 0 . 4 0 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 6 0 . 2 7 0 . 0 1 0 . 6 2 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 8 6 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 4 3 0 . 6 8 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 3 0 0 . 5 0 0 . 0 2 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 7 0 . 2 4 0 . 0 1 0 . 5 6 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 3 1 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 6 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 5 0 0 . 2 7 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 6 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 4 4 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 0 6 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 9 0 - 0 . 8 5 0 . 8 8 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 8 2 0 . 8 4 0 . 1 8 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 7 4 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 7 7 0 . 7 5 0 . 1 0 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 7 8 0 . 8 8 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 6 0 0 . 7 6 0 . 3 1 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 9 6 0 . 7 1 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 6 4 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 1 4 116 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 0 8 0 . 1 9 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 1 0 0 . 1 8 0 . 9 4 43 Samhouri and others A22 44 117Table A4 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 7 5 0 . 1 3 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 6 5 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 6 5 0 . 6 7 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 5 1 0 . 2 6 0 . 6 1 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 5 9 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 6 0 0 . 5 4 0 . 2 2 0 . 7 3 0 . 1 3 0 . 9 0 0 . 7 6 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 1 7 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 3 9 0 . 3 1 0 . 6 1 0 . 3 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 9 0 0 . 9 0 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 7 4 0 . 3 1 0 . 7 3 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 9 3 0 . 9 2 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 6 6 0 . 4 0 0 . 7 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 8 4 0 . 8 3 0 . 7 2 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 5 0 0 . 5 5 0 . 7 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 3 8 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 0 4 0 . 3 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 6 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 9 0 - 0 . 7 4 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 1 0 . 1 8 0 . 4 4 0 . 2 6 0 . 0 8 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 6 2 0 . 6 5 0 . 1 8 0 . 6 3 0 . 0 0 0 . 9 5 0 . 8 5 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 0 3 0 . 5 8 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 1 3 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 7 0 0 . 6 9 0 . 4 3 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 1 5 0 . 4 9 0 . 6 5 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 1 0 . 2 8 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 4 8 0 . 6 7 0 . 6 5 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 4 0 0 . 0 4 0 . 5 1 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 1 9 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 2 2 0 . 8 7 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 3 9 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 5 7 0 . 1 7 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 4 1 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 1 9 0 . 7 7 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 1 7 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 4 5 0 . 0 6 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 6 3 118 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 4 3 0 . 3 7 0 . 0 6 0 . 8 2 0 . 2 3 0 . 8 5 0 . 6 2 45 Samhouri and others A23 46 119Table A4 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 4 7 0 . 6 7 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 6 4 0 . 1 7 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 4 2 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 4 8 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 1 2 0 . 0 4 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 1 0 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 5 2 0 . 9 6 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 0 3 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 0 9 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 5 5 0 . 2 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 9 5 0 . 2 4 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 6 9 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 7 2 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 9 5 0 . 3 5 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 6 0 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 6 5 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 8 3 0 . 5 7 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 4 4 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 5 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 0 5 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 5 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 0 4 0 . 4 9 - 0 . 1 2 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 0 4 0 . 0 4 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 0 5 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 3 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 3 1 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 1 5 0 . 4 7 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 5 8 0 . 9 0 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 1 2 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 7 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 5 4 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 6 6 0 . 3 9 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 1 7 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 5 8 0 . 5 6 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 6 0 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 5 7 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 4 5 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 2 7 0 . 5 2 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 6 0 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 8 5 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 6 5 0 . 8 6 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 5 6 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 8 3 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 6 1 0 . 7 9 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 3 6 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 6 7 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 4 8 0 . 7 7 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 7 3 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 3 8 0 . 8 1 120 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 3 6 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 1 2 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 5 0 0 . 1 2121Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold. 47 Samhouri and others A24 48 122 In the Northern California Current model, we performed press perturbations on the hake trawl, bottom trawl, shrimp trawl, and123crab pot fleets individually. The hake trawl fleet targets Pacific salmon, Pacific hake, sablefish, widow rockfish, and yellowtail 124rockfish. The bottom trawl fleet targets Macrourids, Pacific salmon, skates, dogfish, sablefish, Pacific Ocean perch, canary rockfish, 125widow rockfish, yellowtail rockfish, black rockfish, shelf rockfish, slope rockfish, shortspine thornyhead, longspine thornyhead, 126lingcod, English sole, petrale sole, small flatfish, rex sole, dover sole, and arrowtooth flounder. The shrimp trawl fleet targets 127pandalid shrimp, sablefish, Pacific Ocean perch, canary rockfish, yellowtail rockfish, shelf rockfish, lingcod, and dover sole. The crab128pot fleet targets Dungeness crab exclusively. These functional groups, and those listed below to detail attribute and indicator 129groupings, use the naming conventions described by Field and others (2006) for the Northern California Current model.130Target groups: pandalid shrimp, Dungeness crab, Macrourids, Pacific salmon, Pacific hake, skates, dogfish, sablefish, Pacific Ocean 131perch, canary rockfish, widow rockfish, yellowtail rockfish, black rockfish, shelf rockfish, slope rockfish, shortspine thornyhead, 132longspine thornyhead, lingcod, English sole, petrale sole, small flatfish, rex sole, dover sole, arrowtooth flounder, halibut, northern 133albacore, coastal sharks134Piscivorous fish: Pacific salmon, dogfish, sablefish, black rockfish, shelf rockfish, lingcod, petrale sole, arrowtooth flounder, halibut, 135northern albacore, coastal sharks136Zooplanktivorous fish: forage fish, mesopelagics, Pacific sardine, mackerel, Pacific hake, juvenile rockfish, Pacific Ocean perch, 137canary rockfish, widow rockfish, yellowtail rockfish, slope rockfish, juvenile thornyhead, juvenile roundfish138Forage fish: forage fish, Pacific sardine 49 Samhouri and others A25 50 139Roundfish: Macrourids, Pacific hake, sablefish, juvenile rockfish, Pacific Ocean perch, canary rockfish, widow rockfish, yellowtail 140rockfish, black rockfish, shelf rockfish, slope rockfish, shortspine thornyhead, longspine thornyhead, , juvenile thornyhead, juvenile 141roundfish, lingcod142Invertivore: benthic shrimp, Dungeness crab, tanner crab, benthic fish, Macrourids, skates, shortspine thornyhead, longspine 143thornyhead, juvenile flatfish, English sole, small flatfish, rex sole, dover sole, sperm whales144Herbivore: micro-zooplankton, copepods, euphausiids, small jellyfish145Detritivore: infauna, amphipods, epibenthic, pandalid shrimp146Pelagic fish: forage fish, mesopelagics, Macrourids, Pacific sardine, mackerel, Pacific salmon, Pacific hake, dogfish, widow rockfish, 147northern albacore, coastal sharks148Demersal fish: benthic fish, skates, sablefish, juvenile rockfish, Pacific Ocean perch, canary rockfish, yellowtail rockfish, black 149rockfish, shelf rockfish, slope rockfish, shortspine thornyhead, longspine thornyhead, juvenile thornyhead, juvenile roundfish, lingcod,150juvenile flatfish, English sole, petral sole, small flatfish, rex sole, dover sole, arrowtooth flounder, halibut 151Benthic invertebrates: infauna, epibenthic, pandalid shrimp, benthic shrimp, Dungeness crab, tanner crab 51 Samhouri and others A26 52152Table A5. Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) in the Northern California Current 153Model I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 5 9 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 6 6 0 . 1 1 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 2 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 4 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 3 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 0 8 0 . 3 3 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 0 3 0 . 6 2 0 . 1 1 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 6 0 0 . 6 9 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 6 6 0 . 7 2 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 3 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 8 4 0 . 9 0 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 9 3 1 . 0 0 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 5 5 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 8 4 0 . 9 1 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 9 9 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 5 4 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 5 2 0 . 6 1 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 6 6 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 3 0 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 4 9 - 0 . 0 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 0 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 3 9 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 2 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 2 0 . 4 6 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 5 5 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 3 2 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 5 4 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 4 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 8 3 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 2 7 0 . 5 0 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 2 4 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 5 3 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 1 2 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 1 . 0 0 - 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 8 5 0 . 0 2 0 . 6 4 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 5 0 . 2 8 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 2 9 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 3 7 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 9 0 - 0 . 9 5 - 0 . 6 0 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 9 5 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 5 5 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 8 4 0 . 8 2 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 8 3 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 4 4 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 7 1 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 6 7 0 . 4 5 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 8 9 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 5 2 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 6 4 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 2 2 0 . 5 8 154 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 5 1 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 6 53 Samhouri and others A27 54 155Table A5 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 4 0 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 7 7 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 4 9 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 3 9 0 . 8 7 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 5 4 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 7 3 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 1 7 0 . 2 3 0 . 5 7 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 2 9 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 2 7 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 5 2 0 . 9 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 0 1 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 7 4 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 8 0 0 . 6 3 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 0 5 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 6 9 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 8 0 0 . 6 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 3 5 0 . 7 0 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 1 5 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 4 4 0 . 9 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 1 5 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 5 7 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 2 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 7 5 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 3 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 5 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 8 3 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 2 2 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 9 6 0 . 2 3 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 8 4 0 . 9 5 - 0 . 6 1 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 7 7 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 8 7 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 3 3 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 3 9 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 1 9 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 0 1 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 9 9 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 5 5 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 9 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 5 7 0 . 0 1 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 1 1 0 . 7 1 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 9 7 0 . 1 7 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 8 9 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 6 9 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 4 4 0 . 6 2 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 8 5 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 2 4 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 5 3 0 . 8 4 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 2 2 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 8 3 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 7 9 0 . 6 0 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 9 1 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 9 4 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 8 7 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 7 4 156 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 1 6 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 8 2 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 5 0 55 Samhouri and others A28 56 157Table A5 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 2 4 0 . 1 8 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 8 1 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 7 0 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 8 8 0 . 9 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 8 0 . 5 4 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 5 2 0 . 5 5 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 7 3 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 2 5 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 4 5 0 . 9 1 0 . 9 7 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 9 0 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 7 4 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 1 2 0 . 5 4 0 . 6 8 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 8 9 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 6 8 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 6 1 0 . 7 4 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 7 0 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 9 1 0 . 9 8 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 4 7 0 . 2 1 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 6 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 7 6 0 . 2 8 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 3 0 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 8 4 0 . 3 2 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 1 6 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 5 7 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 1 6 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 5 6 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 2 1 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 8 9 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 2 7 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 2 1 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 5 1 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 5 0 . 7 2 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 4 7 0 . 7 1 0 . 7 3 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 7 0 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 6 6 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 8 9 0 . 6 5 0 . 3 8 0 . 2 9 0 . 2 8 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 0 6 0 . 4 1 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 7 3 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 8 7 0 . 3 0 0 . 1 8 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 9 1 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 7 9 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 2 5 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 7 7 158 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 5 3 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 1 3 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 5 3 57 Samhouri and others A29 58 159Table A5 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 7 7 0 . 1 1 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 1 3 0 . 8 1 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 5 8 0 . 8 7 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 8 1 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 0 9 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 7 6 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 7 1 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 6 8 0 . 9 4 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 7 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 9 7 0 . 6 3 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 3 1 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 9 5 0 . 6 9 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 3 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 6 1 0 . 9 3 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 7 7 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 5 7 0 . 2 5 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 2 6 0 . 7 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 3 3 0 . 5 2 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 4 8 0 . 5 4 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 1 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 4 5 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 1 7 0 . 4 9 0 . 3 6 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 4 5 0 . 2 8 0 . 5 0 0 . 5 5 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 1 7 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 0 7 0 . 8 0 0 . 1 5 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 3 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 6 3 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 1 1 0 . 6 2 0 . 3 5 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 8 2 0 . 2 4 0 . 6 9 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 8 7 0 . 2 1 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 8 2 0 . 0 7 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 1 9 0 . 8 4 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 2 4 0 . 5 5 0 . 1 5 0 . 7 8 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 6 4 0 . 1 6 0 . 5 3 0 . 5 0 160 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 1 0 0 . 4 7 0 . 3 4161Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold. 59 Samhouri and others A30 60 162 In the Southeast Alaska model, we performed press perturbations on the herring, pot, salmon, and trawler and longline fleets 163individually. The herring fleet targets herring exclusively. The pot fleet targets arrowtooth flounder, flatfish, shrimps, and epibenthic 164carnivores. The salmon fleet targets salmon exclusively. The trawler and longline fleet targets salmon, herring, Pacific Ocean perch, 165slope rockfish, sablefish, Pacific cod, halibut, arrowtooth flounder, flatfish, shrimp, and epibenthic carnivores. These functional 166groups, and those listed below to detail attribute and indicator groupings, use the naming conventions described by Guenette and 167others (2006) for the Southeast Alaska model.168Target groups: toothed whales, baleen whales, salmon, herring, sablefish, Pacific cod, halibut, arrowtooth flounder, flatfish, shrimp, 169epibenthic carnivores170Piscivorous fish: mammal-eating sharks, sharks and skates, shelf rockfish, Pacific cod, halibut, arrowtooth flounder, large demersal171Zooplanktivorous fish: salmon, large pelagics, small pelagics, sandlance, herring, juvenile pollock, Pacific Ocean perch, slope 172rockfish, small deepwater173Forage fish: small pelagics, sandlance, herring174Roundfish: pollock (juveniles and adults), Pacific Ocean perch, slope rockfish, shelf rockfish, sablefish, Pacific cod, small demersals, 175large demersals, large deepwater, small deepwater176Invertivore: toothed whales, sea otters, adult pollock, flatfish, small demersals, large deepwater, epibenthic carnivores, cephalopods 177Herbivore: large zooplankton, small zooplankton178Detritivore: sablefish, shrimp, benthic invertebrates 61 Samhouri and others A31 62 179Pelagic fish: mammal-eating sharks, salmon, large pelagics, small pelagics, herring180Demersal fish: pollock (juveniles and adults), Pacific Ocean perch, slope rockfish, shelf rockfish, sablefish, Pacific cod, halibut, 181arrowtooth flounder, large demersals, flatfish, small demersals, large deepwater, small deepwater182Benthic invertebrates: shrimp, benthic invertebrates, epibenthic carnivorous 63 Samhouri and others A32 64183Table A6. Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) in the Southeast Alaska Model I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h - 0 . 3 7 0 . 5 6 0 . 2 7 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 7 4 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 7 7 0 . 6 8 0 . 8 0 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 9 0 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 7 0 0 . 6 4 0 . 9 5 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 7 8 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 1 7 0 . 5 2 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 3 6 0 . 0 6 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 4 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 5 5 0 . 6 6 0 . 9 8 0 . 9 9 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 6 5 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 1 7 0 . 4 2 0 . 7 5 0 . 8 2 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 2 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 9 - 0 . 3 8 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 5 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 3 9 0 . 6 2 0 . 3 3 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 7 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 8 7 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 4 0 . 4 6 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 5 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 7 1 0 . 1 2 0 . 4 0 0 . 3 1 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 3 0 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 6 0 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 0 8 0 . 6 1 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 2 7 0 . 4 8 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 0 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 3 1 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 3 1 0 . 3 3 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 1 5 0 . 5 0 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 3 6 0 . 4 3 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 5 7 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 1 7 0 . 6 0 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 1 4 0 . 5 8 184 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 2 6 0 . 5 2 65 Samhouri and others A33 66 185Table A6 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h - 0 . 3 5 0 . 3 5 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 3 9 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 3 0 0 . 1 5 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 7 0 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 1 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 6 6 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 4 8 0 . 1 5 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 7 8 0 . 1 8 0 . 8 6 0 . 0 0 0 . 8 9 0 . 4 0 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 5 9 0 . 0 5 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 4 2 0 . 4 1 0 . 4 8 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 6 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 1 7 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 0 5 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 5 5 0 . 0 0 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 3 8 0 . 3 4 0 . 4 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 3 6 0 . 3 9 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 3 0 0 . 0 0 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 9 0 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 9 0 - 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 2 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 7 7 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 1 9 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 8 5 - 1 . 0 0 0 . 5 2 0 . 9 5 0 . 1 4 0 . 5 4 0 . 3 4 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 0 5 0 . 6 8 0 . 1 5 0 . 6 5 0 . 2 1 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 5 3 0 . 9 1 0 . 4 4 0 . 6 4 0 . 3 9 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 2 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 2 5 0 . 2 5 0 . 1 5 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 3 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 2 9 0 . 0 9 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 0 6 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 7 0 . 5 4 0 . 0 8 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 7 9 - 0 . 9 5 0 . 5 8 0 . 8 8 0 . 1 3 0 . 4 7 0 . 4 9 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 2 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 0 3 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 9 3 0 . 4 3 0 . 9 8 0 . 3 3 0 . 7 0 0 . 3 0 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 9 1 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 4 2 0 . 9 6 0 . 3 5 0 . 6 8 0 . 2 9 186 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 8 9 0 . 3 9 0 . 9 4 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 3 0 . 2 5 67 Samhouri and others A34 68 187Table A6 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 9 2 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 5 3 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 9 5 - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 4 3 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 1 0 . 7 7 0 . 6 4 0 . 8 8 0 . 9 0 0 . 1 9 0 . 5 1 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 0 6 0 . 3 9 0 . 4 7 0 . 3 2 0 . 3 8 0 . 0 3 0 . 7 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 3 1 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 0 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 3 0 . 3 9 0 . 5 1 0 . 2 7 0 . 3 2 0 . 0 0 0 . 7 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 9 7 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 7 0 - 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 4 9 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 5 7 - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 1 8 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 7 0 . 3 9 0 . 8 2 0 . 7 0 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 6 0 . 3 4 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 8 0 . 5 0 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 3 0 . 1 9 0 . 4 7 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 6 0 0 . 4 5 0 . 7 5 0 . 7 8 0 . 7 8 0 . 4 9 0 . 1 0 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 1 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 4 2 0 . 0 8 0 . 1 4 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 0 6 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 3 3 0 . 0 3 0 . 1 0 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 7 3 0 . 6 7 0 . 3 7 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 0 0 . 3 8 0 . 3 1 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 3 6 0 . 2 3 0 . 7 1 0 . 6 3 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 0 0 . 2 2 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 4 6 0 . 1 4 0 . 6 0 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 1 2 0 . 4 7 0 . 4 9 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 6 4 0 . 5 6 0 . 8 1 0 . 8 4 0 . 8 0 0 . 4 6 0 . 2 8 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 6 2 0 . 5 2 0 . 8 1 0 . 8 2 0 . 7 9 0 . 4 0 0 . 2 1 188 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 5 9 0 . 5 5 0 . 7 4 0 . 7 8 0 . 7 1 0 . 4 5 0 . 3 3 69 Samhouri and others A35 70 189Table A6 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 2 9 0 . 1 8 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 2 8 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 8 1 0 . 1 0 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 3 5 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 9 5 0 . 0 7 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 2 8 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 1 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 8 1 0 . 3 7 0 . 6 9 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 0 5 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 5 7 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 9 8 0 . 0 8 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 0 9 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 1 3 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 0 1 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 6 8 0 . 3 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 3 4 0 . 0 2 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 7 0 - 0 . 2 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 3 2 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 5 6 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 5 4 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 7 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 6 8 0 . 2 9 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 5 5 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 6 4 0 . 4 0 0 . 3 8 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 6 0 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 5 4 0 . 4 4 0 . 4 5 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 4 0 . 0 6 - 0 . 6 0 0 . 2 0 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 4 0 . 0 7 0 . 2 0 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 2 6 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 7 2 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 5 6 0 . 1 9 0 . 3 5 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 3 6 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 4 3 0 . 6 0 0 . 2 1 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 2 4 0 . 7 8 - 0 . 2 1 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 6 3 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 6 4 0 . 5 3 0 . 4 4 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 6 1 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 6 2 0 . 5 0 0 . 4 4 190 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 5 9 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 6 4 0 . 5 2 0 . 3 7191Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold. 71 Samhouri and others A36 72 192 In the Strait of Georgia model, we performed press perturbations on the herring gill and seine, salmon fishers, longline, and 193seal control fleets individually. The herring gill and seine fleet targets adult herring exclusively. The salmon fishers fleet targets adult194resident coho and adult resident chinook. The longline fleet targets halibut and lingcod. The seal control fleet targets seals sealions. 195These functional groups, and those listed below to detail attribute and indicator groupings, use the naming conventions described by 196Dalsgaard and others (1998) and Martell and others (2002) for the Strait of Georgia model.197Target groups: seals sealions, halibut, lingcod, resident coho (juveniles and adults), resident Chinook (juveniles and adults), herring 198(juveniles and adults)199Piscivorous fish: halibut, lingcod, adult resident coho, adult resident chinook200Zooplanktivorous fish: dogfish shark, hake (juveniles and adults), juvenile resident coho, juvenile resident chinook, small pelagic, 201eulachon, herring (juveniles and adults)202Forage fish: small pelagics, eulachon, herring (juveniles and adults)203Roundfish: hake (juveniles and adults), lingcod204Invertivore: demersal fishes, sea birds, predatory invertebrates205Herbivore: shellfish, herbivorous zooplankton206Detritivore: grazing invertebrates207Pelagic fish: dogfish shark, hake (juveniles and adults), resident coho (juveniles and adults), resident Chinook (juveniles and adults), 208small pelagic, eulachon, herring (juveniles and adults) 73 Samhouri and others A37 74 209Demersal fish: halibut, lingcod, demersal fishes210Benthic invertebrates: predatory invertebrates, shellfish, grazing invertebrates 75 Samhouri and others A38 76211Table A7. Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) in the Strait of Georgia Model I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h - 0 . 3 7 0 . 0 7 0 . 9 5 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 6 8 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 7 5 0 . 2 6 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 4 8 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 8 7 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 7 4 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 2 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 3 5 0 . 1 6 0 . 0 9 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 3 4 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 8 7 - 0 . 7 5 0 . 9 7 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 5 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 2 7 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 6 4 1 . 0 0 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 5 5 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 2 2 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 5 2 0 . 9 8 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 4 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 8 4 0 . 9 3 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 6 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 5 3 0 . 1 7 0 . 8 6 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 5 8 0 . 6 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 1 5 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 5 0 . 1 2 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 4 0 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 1 7 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 5 4 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 9 0 - 1 . 0 0 0 . 6 3 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 6 5 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 6 9 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 2 8 0 . 2 1 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 5 9 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 9 0 . 1 7 0 . 2 7 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 0 7 0 . 4 0 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 6 0 - 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 3 3 0 . 7 4 - 0 . 6 8 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 2 3 0 . 2 1 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 1 6 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 0 7 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 4 5 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 5 5 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 1 7 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 0 6 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 1 8 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 5 2 - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 6 7 0 . 0 3 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 2 3 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 1 0 0 . 1 0 0 . 0 1 212 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 4 4 0 . 0 7 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 2 77 Samhouri and others A39 78 213Table A7 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h - 0 . 0 3 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 9 8 0 . 1 0 0 . 5 9 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 7 6 0 . 5 8 0 . 6 9 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 8 9 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 8 7 0 . 3 5 0 . 8 5 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 4 1 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 3 7 0 . 2 0 0 . 5 5 0 . 3 5 0 . 4 7 0 . 1 2 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 7 4 0 . 1 2 0 . 7 2 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 1 9 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 0 0 0 . 6 2 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 0 9 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 1 1 0 . 5 1 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 2 2 0 . 0 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 8 3 0 . 2 5 0 . 7 8 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 3 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 2 0 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 4 9 - 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 9 7 0 . 2 7 0 . 6 9 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 4 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 5 5 - 0 . 1 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 1 3 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 5 9 - 0 . 3 6 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 1 2 - 1 . 0 0 0 . 6 1 0 . 9 5 0 . 9 9 - 0 . 0 9 - 0 . 6 5 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 2 9 0 . 2 3 0 . 2 5 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 4 1 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 0 5 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 1 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 2 5 0 . 3 9 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 4 7 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 2 2 0 . 3 2 0 . 2 7 0 . 2 0 0 . 4 4 0 . 0 8 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 1 9 0 . 5 2 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 4 9 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 2 6 0 . 4 5 0 . 1 5 0 . 2 7 - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 7 8 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 3 2 - 0 . 0 2 0 . 2 4 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 4 7 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 6 8 0 . 7 2 0 . 7 7 0 . 6 7 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 6 2 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 4 2 - 0 . 4 6 0 . 5 1 0 . 6 5 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 1 9 214 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 4 4 0 . 6 2 0 . 6 0 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 2 2 79 Samhouri and others A40 80 215Table A7 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 3 7 0 . 6 7 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 7 9 0 . 5 0 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 8 6 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 8 2 0 . 9 9 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 5 3 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 1 0 0 . 3 8 0 . 5 9 0 . 4 3 0 . 1 4 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 7 1 0 . 9 5 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 2 5 - 0 . 3 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 6 2 0 . 9 2 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 2 6 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 5 0 0 . 8 4 0 . 3 9 - 0 . 1 6 - 0 . 1 1 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 8 0 0 . 9 8 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 4 9 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 8 2 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 5 4 0 . 7 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 2 4 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 3 0 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 3 7 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 6 7 - 0 . 4 8 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 9 0 0 . 8 4 0 . 9 0 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 7 1 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 3 0 . 3 5 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 3 9 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 6 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 1 7 0 . 3 9 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 6 0 . 4 9 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 4 6 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 9 0 . 2 4 0 . 2 8 0 . 3 6 0 . 0 0 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 3 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 4 8 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 3 4 - 0 . 1 0 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 6 7 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 2 3 0 . 0 8 0 . 2 3 - 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 3 7 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 5 0 0 . 3 5 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 5 0 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 2 1 0 . 2 8 0 . 7 4 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 1 0 216 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 2 4 0 . 2 5 0 . 6 9 0 . 3 8 - 0 . 1 5217 81 Samhouri and others A41 82 218Table A7 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h 1 . 0 0 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 8 3 F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 7 1 - 0 . 8 6 0 . 7 5 0 . 3 4 0 . 8 4 P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 3 0 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 0 3 0 . 7 2 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 4 5 0 . 1 4 0 . 3 6 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 6 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 0 6 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 2 4 0 . 5 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 7 1 0 . 0 4 0 . 6 5 - 0 . 3 6 0 . 4 6 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 5 9 0 . 2 0 0 . 5 3 - 0 . 4 3 0 . 3 2 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 8 8 - 0 . 2 1 0 . 8 4 - 0 . 1 2 0 . 6 6 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 9 4 0 . 6 2 - 0 . 9 7 - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 9 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 0 3 - 0 . 2 1 0 . 0 4 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 3 4 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 1 6 0 . 2 2 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 9 8 - 0 . 5 7 0 . 9 9 0 . 2 8 0 . 8 6 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 0 2 0 . 3 6 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 3 2 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 2 8 - 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 0 9 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 0 2 0 . 5 2 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 8 0 . 1 2 0 . 2 0 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 0 5 H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 4 8 0 . 1 7 0 . 3 7 0 . 1 6 A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 1 7 - 0 . 8 3 0 . 2 7 0 . 4 7 0 . 5 0 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 5 2 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 1 1 0 . 6 1 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 6 3 - 0 . 6 3 0 . 6 7 0 . 5 7 0 . 6 3 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 4 5 0 . 4 4 0 . 3 2 219 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 4 8 - 0 . 2 2 0 . 4 2 0 . 5 5 0 . 2 3220 Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold. 83 Samhouri and others A42 84 221 In the West Coast Vancouver Island model, we performed press perturbations on the benthic trawl, herring fishery, and shrimp 222trawl fleets individually. We assumed a baseline fishing mortality F = 0.1 for pink shrimp. The benthic trawl fleet targets juvenile 223and adult lingcod, dogfish, adult Pacific cod, and demersal fish. The herring fishery fleet targets adult herring exclusively. The shrimp224trawl fleet targets dogfish, demersal fish, eulachon, and pink shrimp. These functional groups, and those listed below to detail 225attribute and indicator groupings, use the naming conventions described by Martell (2002) for the West Coast Vancouver Island 226model.227Target groups: lingcod (juveniles and adults), Pacific cod (juveniles and adults), demersal fish, herring (juveniles and adults), pink 228shrimp229Piscivorous fish: lingcod (juveniles and adults)230Zooplanktivorous fish: dogfish, Pacific Cod (juveniles and adults), demersal fish, herring (juveniles and adults), eulachon231Forage fish: herring (juveniles and adults), eulachon232Roundfish: lingcod (juveniles and adults), Pacific Cod (juveniles and adults)233Invertivore: none234Herbivore: copepods, herbivorous zooplankton235Detritivore: pink shrimp236Pelagic fish: dogfish, herring (juveniles and adults), eulachon237Demersal fish: lingcod (juveniles and adults), Pacific Cod (juveniles and adults), demersal fish 85 Samhouri and others A43 86 238Benthic invertebrates: pink shrimp 87 Samhouri and others A44 88239Table A8. Spearman Rank Correlations ( rs ) Between Attributes (Rows) and Indicators (Columns) in the West Coast Vancouver 240Island Model I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s T r o p h i c l e v e l o f t h e M a r i n e m a m m a l s S e a b i r d s J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t o n P h y t o p l a n k t o n T o t a l c a t c h c a t c h P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x 0 . 9 5 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 5 8 T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 2 - 0 . 1 0 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 3 8 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n - 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 2 7 0 . 6 7 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 9 9 1 . 0 0 0 . 2 0 - 0 . 6 9 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n - 1 . 0 0 - 1 . 0 0 - 0 . 1 6 0 . 6 6 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 6 8 - 0 . 7 2 - 0 . 5 4 0 . 7 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 7 9 0 . 8 3 0 . 4 6 - 0 . 7 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 0 6 0 . 1 3 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 4 1 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 6 0 . 9 0 - 0 . 3 3 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s - 0 . 3 5 - 0 . 4 1 - 0 . 7 9 0 . 5 9 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 1 6 0 . 5 5 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 2 0 0 . 2 6 0 . 4 7 - 0 . 3 7 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 3 0 . 1 0 0 . 0 2 0 . 1 8 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m - 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 1 9 - 0 . 8 8 0 . 4 5 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 0 7 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 1 0 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 3 7 - 0 . 4 3 - 0 . 7 4 0 . 6 7 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 5 0 - 0 . 7 2 0 . 6 6 241 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l - 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 9 1 0 . 5 3 89 Samhouri and others A45 90 242Table A8 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r s P r o p o r t i o n o f A t t r i b u t e s S l o p e o f l o g ( b i o m a s s ) n o n c o m m e r c i a l v s . t r o p h i c l e v e l s p e c i e s P i s c . f i s h Z o o p l . f i s h F o r a g e f i s h R o u n d f i s h I n v e r t i v o r e P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 0 6 0 . 9 3 - 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 4 - 0 . 9 4 0 . 3 8 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 6 6 - 0 . 0 9 0 . 7 9 0 . 9 4 0 . 0 4 0 . 9 1 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 3 3 - 0 . 9 4 0 . 3 6 0 . 4 3 0 . 9 3 0 . 0 0 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 0 . 2 9 1 . 0 0 - 0 . 3 0 - 0 . 2 7 - 1 . 0 0 0 . 0 9 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 0 . 2 6 - 1 . 0 0 0 . 2 6 0 . 2 5 1 . 0 0 - 0 . 1 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 5 6 - 0 . 7 1 0 . 6 8 0 . 7 2 0 . 6 9 0 . 3 4 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 4 8 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 5 8 - 0 . 6 4 - 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 2 3 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 6 7 0 . 1 2 - 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 9 5 - 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 9 0 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 6 3 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 7 6 - 0 . 9 2 - 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 9 2 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 7 3 - 0 . 4 0 0 . 8 7 0 . 9 7 0 . 3 6 0 . 6 9 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 1 1 0 . 5 0 0 . 3 1 0 . 1 2 0 . 1 7 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 3 7 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 4 4 - 0 . 4 5 - 0 . 2 2 - 0 . 2 6 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 5 0 . 1 4 0 . 2 5 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 1 2 0 . 0 0 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 7 0 - 0 . 1 8 0 . 8 3 0 . 9 7 0 . 1 4 0 . 8 5 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y 0 . 2 8 0 . 0 5 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 3 - 0 . 0 8 0 . 2 3 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 4 1 0 . 9 2 0 . 9 2 0 . 3 9 0 . 6 4 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 4 8 0 . 8 8 0 . 9 1 0 . 4 6 0 . 6 0 243 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 7 7 - 0 . 2 0 0 . 9 1 0 . 9 9 0 . 1 6 0 . 8 6 91 Samhouri and others A46 92 244Table A8 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s B e n t h i c H e r b i v o r e D e t r i t i v o r e P e l a g i c f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h R o c k f i s h F l a t f i s h i n v e r t e b r a t e s P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 8 9 0 . 5 6 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 0 4 0 . 2 9 0 . 1 4 0 . 8 9 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 9 3 0 . 7 2 0 . 9 6 - 0 . 1 2 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 1 . 0 0 - 0 . 5 1 - 0 . 9 9 0 . 2 9 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 1 . 0 0 0 . 5 4 0 . 9 9 - 0 . 3 1 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 6 9 0 . 7 2 0 . 7 7 0 . 2 8 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 8 6 - 0 . 1 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 3 1 - 0 . 1 8 - 0 . 8 8 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 2 6 - 0 . 1 1 - 0 . 9 1 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 3 6 0 . 5 4 0 . 4 5 0 . 6 6 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 2 0 . 2 4 0 . 1 2 0 . 2 0 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 1 0 . 0 1 - 0 . 2 4 - 0 . 2 2 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 2 0 . 0 8 - 0 . 1 1 0 . 1 1 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 1 4 0 . 4 0 0 . 2 4 0 . 8 4 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 0 9 0 . 1 4 - 0 . 0 4 0 . 2 8 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 3 8 0 . 4 9 0 . 4 7 0 . 6 2 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 4 5 0 . 5 6 0 . 5 4 0 . 5 6 245 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 1 6 0 . 3 5 0 . 2 6 0 . 8 3 93 Samhouri and others A47 94 246Table A8 (cont.). I n d i c a t o r sA t t r i b u t e s Z o o p l a n k t o n / I n v e r t i v o r e / F o r a g e f i s h / P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h / P e l a g i c f i s h / R o c k f i s h / P h y t o p l a n k t o n H e r b i v o r e J e l l y f i s h Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h D e m e r s a l f i s h F l a t f i s h P a t h l e n g t h F i n n ' s c y c l i n g i n d e x P r e d a t o r c y c l i n g i n d e x - 0 . 9 4 - 0 . 1 5 - 0 . 8 5 T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 0 4 0 . 7 0 - 0 . 6 6 T o t a l c o n s u m p t i o n 0 . 9 3 0 . 4 2 0 . 4 9 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n - 1 . 0 0 - 0 . 4 0 - 0 . 6 4 T o t a l p r o d u c t i o n 1 . 0 0 0 . 3 6 0 . 6 7 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n 0 . 6 9 0 . 6 9 0 . 1 1 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n - 0 . 8 0 - 0 . 6 1 - 0 . 2 5 T o t a l p r i m a r y p r o d u c t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s - 0 . 0 7 - 0 . 7 2 0 . 6 3 T o t a l r e s p i r a t i o n / T o t a l b i o m a s s 0 . 0 0 - 0 . 6 7 0 . 6 8 T a r g e t g r o u p b i o m a s s 0 . 3 6 0 . 8 1 - 0 . 3 4 E c o s y s t e m r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x 0 . 1 2 0 . 5 4 - 0 . 0 4 P i s c i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 2 1 - 0 . 4 9 0 . 0 4 Z o o p l a n k t i v o r o u s f i s h r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x - 0 . 1 2 0 . 2 9 - 0 . 1 3 I n v e r t i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x H e r b i v o r e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n i n d e x A v e r a g e r e l a t i v e c h a n g e i n e n t i r e e c o s y s t e m 0 . 1 4 0 . 7 5 - 0 . 5 8 K e m p t o n s Q d i v e r s i t y - 0 . 0 9 0 . 0 5 - 0 . 2 8 S h a n n o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 3 8 0 . 8 9 - 0 . 2 8 S i m p s o n d i v e r s i t y 0 . 4 5 0 . 8 5 - 0 . 2 1 247 M e a n t r o p h i c l e v e l 0 . 1 6 0 . 8 3 - 0 . 5 5248 Correlations for which rs  0.5 are highlighted in bold.

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