<p>STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: The primary aim of this problem is to give the reader a basic idea of the fundamental tools of Hypermesh. The model consists of a plate with a hole. It is constrained on its left edge and loads are applied to its right edge. The solver used in example is Nastran.</p><p> example1.hm</p><p>1 A. SELECTING A TEMPLATE**:</p><p>Go to files and then select template and click on the file and then nastran and general and press return. STEP 1: Go to main menu and click on ‘files’.</p><p>STEP 2: Click on template. STEP 3: Double click on ‘file=’ STEP 4: Click on ‘\nastran’ and finally select ‘general’. Click ‘return’ to return to main menu.</p><p>(**: A template is a solver. For example Nastran and Ls-Dyna are some of the widely used solvers.)</p><p>2 B. CREATING A NODE:</p><p>Step 1: Click on ‘Geom.’ Page. Step 2: Click on ‘create nodes’. </p><p>STEP 3: select ‘type in’. STEP 4: Type the coordinates X=5 Y=5 Z=0 STEP 5: click ‘create node’ to create node #1.</p><p>Node #1</p><p>3 STEP 6: Similarly create the nodes using the following coordinates: (0,0,0)- node #2, (0,5,0) - node #3, (5,0,0)- node # 4</p><p># 1 # 4</p><p># 2 #3</p><p>C. CREATING A LINE:</p><p>4 STEP 1: Click on ‘Geom.’ page and select ‘lines’ menu.</p><p>STEP 2: Select ‘create line’ and click on ‘node list’. Then select the nodes #1 and #2. Click ‘create’. </p><p>STEP 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 to create the remaining three lines as shown in the figure below.</p><p>D. CREATING A CIRCLE:</p><p>5 STEP 1: Create node # 5 at coordinate (2.5,2.5,0) using steps given in the PART B. STEP 2: Select the ‘Geom.’ page and click ‘circles’ menu.</p><p>STEP 3: Select ‘center & radius’. STEP 4: Click on ‘node list’ and then select the node created in step 1. STEP 5: Select the axis ‘Z’ about which the circle has to be drawn. STEP 6: Enter the value ‘radius=’ 1.5, and then click ‘create’.</p><p>E. MESHING: (CREATING 2D SHELL ELEMENTS)</p><p>6 STEP 1: Click on ‘2D’ page and select ‘spline’ menu.</p><p>STEP 2: Change from ‘mesh, keep surf’ to ‘mesh, w/o surf’</p><p>STEP 3: Select all the lines including the circle and then click create. Click ‘yes’ to ‘lines appear plane, project to plane’. STEP 4: Change the ‘elem density=’ from 1 to 20 and click ‘set all to’. STEP 5: Click mesh***. STEP 6: Click ‘return’ twice to come back to main menu.</p><p>***: Varying the magnitude of element density will affect the mesh quality. F. ASSIGNING MATERIAL PROPERTIES: (Creating Collectors.)</p><p>7 STEP 1: Click on ‘collectors’ menu.</p><p>STEP 2: Click ‘create’ and then change the ‘comps’ to ‘mat’.</p><p>Step 3: Type ‘steel’ in ‘name=’ and click on the card image and select ‘MAT1’, then click ‘create/edit’.</p><p>Step 4: Enter Young’s Modulus, E=2e5 and Poison’s Ratio, NU =0.3 and click return.</p><p>G. MAKING COMPONENTS: </p><p>8 STEP 1: Change the ‘mat’ to ‘comps’ STEP 2: Type in ‘name =’ ‘plate’. Click on ‘card image’ and select ‘PSHELL’and click on the ‘material=’ and select material ‘steel’ which was created in Part F and then create/edit.</p><p>Step 3: Give Thickness of plate, T = 1 and then click ‘return’.</p><p>H. CREATING LOAD COLLECTORS:</p><p>9 STEP 1: Select the ‘loadcols’ and then type in ‘spc’ in ‘name =’ (Colors are used to differentiate between different collectors). STEP 2: Select a color for the loadcol ‘spc’ (for e.g.: Blue) STEP 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 and create a second load collector ‘force’ with a different color (for e.g.: Green).</p><p>I. CONSTRAINING THE PLATE MODEL :</p><p>10 STEP 1: Select ‘BC’s page and then select ‘constraints’ menu</p><p>Step 2: Click on the ‘nodes’ and then select ‘windows’.</p><p>STEP 3: Select the nodes to be constrained by clicking the left mouse button around the nodes in the graphic window.</p><p>11 (Window shown around the nodes)</p><p>(Figure showing nodes selected for constrain)</p><p>12 13 J. APPLYING LOADS:</p><p>STEP 1: Click on ‘global’ menu. </p><p>STEP 2: Change the ‘loadcols’ option from ‘spc’ to ‘force’</p><p>STEP 3: Select the ‘BCs’ page and select the ‘forces’ menu.</p><p>STEP 4: Select the nodes on the right edge of the plate using the window command (Part I: Step 3). STEP 5: Enter the magnitude of the force ‘magnitude =’ as 10 N STEP 6: Specify the direction of force (x-axis). STEP 7: Change the ‘magnitude % =’ 5 to reduce the size of constraints and then click create.</p><p>14 15</p>